176 research outputs found
Polyphony and the anxiety of influence in the fiction of Henry James
No full textJames's fiction, especially in the Middle Phase, centres
on the figure of the artist and is characterized by, the two
interrelated aspects which previous criticism has largely
overlooked: the Bakhtinian 'polyphonic' -creation of
'author-thinkers'; and the conflict between ephebes and
precursors, for which Harold-Bloom's concept of 'the-anxiety of
influence' is the most illuminating model. Polyphony is the
narrative mode, and influence is the intra-artistic, theme.
These, as the Introduction to the thesis makes clear, are
rehearsed in James's inaugural novel, Roderick Hudson. Rowland
Mallet is an author-thinker, and his failure is caused by
authorial limitations. His monologism -is impaired by his
mistaking empathy for the authorial sympathy. Likewise,
Hudson's failure does not arise from a mercurial temperament,
but from a polyphonic shortcoming: not possessing the power of
fiction to contain the fiction of power in, his mentor. And the
relationships among the three artists - Gloriani, Hudson and
Singleton - perfectly exemplify the Bloomian-theme. It is these
two concepts, polyphony and influence, which are the major
preoccupation in the Middle Phase; as, the works chosen
demonstrate. These are a novella, a novel, and a number of
short stories all of which have been unjustifiably neglected.
Chapter One, on The Aspern Papers, argues that Tina Bordereau,
far from being, the artless victim seen by many critics,
actually challenges and defeats the narrator by the very form
of her narrative. Her 'realist' discourse undermines his
language of 'romance', and shows up its internal unstability.
Chapter Two is an extensive study of the critical reception of
The Tragic Muse. The most common areas of critical attention
have been its contemporary topicality, its relation to previous
novels on similar themes, and the possible genealogy of Gabriel
Nash. Those have all missed the core of the work. - Chapter Three
demonstrates how polyphony and the anxiety of influence make
the novel what it really is. Influence arises from the
juxtaposition of, and the wrestling between, artistic ephebes
and their precursors (Nick and Nash,, Miriam and Madame Carre).
The dialogic quality defined by Bakhtin is crucial to the
proper, and even-handed, characterization of all, the conflicts
in the novel. And since most of James's tales in the eighties
and nineties -are about 'masters - and acolytes, the anxiety of
influence remains central. Chapter Four is a study of 'The
Author of Beltraffiol' and 'The Lesson of the Master'. Again the
characters' manipulations are a crucial focus in a way that
G6rard Genette's terminology helps to illuminate. The fact that
the ephebe is the author-thinker emphasizes the inextricability
of the Bakhtinian and the Bloomian in James. Just as
polyphony offers a different focus for explicating the poetics
of James's fiction; so the ephebal conflict provides the basis
for a fresh perception of James's own artistic struggle
Precast Concrete Elements for Accelerated Bridge Construction Final Report, Volume 1-1. Laboratory Testing of Precast Substructure Components: Boone County Bridge: TR-561, January 2009
No full textIn July 2006, construction began on an accelerated bridge project in Boone County, Iowa that was composed of precast substructure elements and an innovative, precast deck panel system. The superstructure system consisted of full-depth deck panels that were
prestressed in the transverse direction, and after installation on the prestressed concrete girders, post-tensioned in the longitudinal direction. Prior to construction, laboratory tests were completed on the precast abutment and pier cap elements. The substructure testing was to determine the punching shear strength of the elements. Post-tensioning testing and verification of the precast deck system was performed in the field. The forces in the tendons provided by the contractor were verified and losses due to the post-tensioning operation were measured. The stress (strain) distribution in the deck panels due to the post-tensioning was also measured and analyzed. The entire construction process for this bridge system was documented. Representatives from the Boone County Engineers Office, the prime contractor, precast fabricator, and researchers from Iowa State University provided feedback and suggestions for improving the constructability of this design
Securities clearance and settlement systems - a guide to best practices
No full textAs an essential part of a nation's financial sector infrastructure, securities clearance, and settlement systems must be closely integrated with national payment systems, so that safety, soundness, certainty, and efficiency can be achieved at a cost acceptable to all participants. Central banks have paid considerable attention to payment systems, but securities clearance, and settlement systems have only recently been subjected to rigorous assessment. The Western Hemisphere Payments and Securities Clearance and Settlement Initiative (WHI), led by the World Bank, and in cooperation with the Centro de Estudios Monetarios Latinoamericanos (CEMLA), gave the authors a unique opportunity to observe how various countries in Latin America, and the Caribbean undertake securities clearance, and settlement. To do so, the authors developed a practical, and implementable assessment methodology, covering key issues that affect the quality of such systems. In this paper they discuss the objectives, scope, and content of a typical securities system, identify the elements that influence the system's quality, and show how their assessment methodology works. They focus on the development of core principles, and minimum standards for integrated systems of payments, and securities clearance and settlement. Their paper fills a gap by providing an evaluation tool for assessors of such systems, especially those who must assess evolving systems in developing, and transition economies. Essentially, an assessment involves a structured analysis to answer four related questions: 1) What are the objective, and scope of a securities clearance and settlement system? 2) Who are the participants, what roles do they play, and what expectations do they have? 3) What procedures are required to satisfy the participants'needs? 4) What inherent risks are involved, and how can they be mitigated at an acceptable cost?Environmental Economics&Policies,Payment Systems&Infrastructure,Financial Intermediation,International Terrorism&Counterterrorism,Securities Markets Policy&Regulation,Financial Intermediation,Environmental Economics&Policies,Settlement of Investment Disputes,Payment Systems&Infrastructure,Insurance&Risk Mitigation
Hypomorphic Recessive Variants in SUFU Impair the Sonic Hedgehog Pathway and Cause Joubert Syndrome with Cranio-facial and Skeletal Defects
No full textThe Sonic Hedgehog (SHH) pathway is a key signaling pathway orchestrating embryonic development, mainly of the CNS and limbs. In vertebrates, SHH signaling is mediated by the primary cilium, and genetic defects affecting either SHH pathway members or ciliary proteins cause a spectrum of developmental disorders. SUFU is the main negative regulator of the SHH pathway and is essential during development. Indeed, Sufu knock-out is lethal in mice, and recessive pathogenic variants of this gene have never been reported in humans. Through whole-exome sequencing in subjects with Joubert syndrome, we identified four children from two unrelated families carrying homozygous missense variants in SUFU. The children presented congenital ataxia and cerebellar vermis hypoplasia with elongated superior cerebellar peduncles (mild "molar tooth sign"), typical cranio-facial dysmorphisms (hypertelorism, depressed nasal bridge, frontal bossing), and postaxial polydactyly. Two siblings also showed polymicrogyria. Molecular dynamics simulation predicted random movements of the mutated residues, with loss of the native enveloping movement of the binding site around its ligand GLI3. Functional studies on cellular models and fibroblasts showed that both variants significantly reduced SUFU stability and its capacity to bind GLI3 and promote its cleavage into the repressor form GLI3R. In turn, this impaired SUFU-mediated repression of the SHH pathway, as shown by altered expression levels of several target genes. We demonstrate that germline hypomorphic variants of SUFU cause deregulation of SHH signaling, resulting in recessive developmental defects of the CNS and limbs which share features with both SHH-related disorders and ciliopathies
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at the Commencement exercises on June 7, 1962, be approved
as follows:
Bachelor of Science
From the Undergraduate Faculty
Chemi stry
Adib Samir Zeind
Alexandra A. Paleo logo
Alexander Mardikian
Fayez Helmi
I sma i 1 Ahmad. E I S ha i b
*Mary Louise Apelian
Moustafa Mahmoud Mansour
Nadia Shukry Zaklama
Nizar Fakhry EI Alaml
(i n absentia)
Omar Yahya Zulfikar" II
*,~Pakinam Mahmoud Askalany
Peter Gabriel Chamy
Wagi h Ata Ilah
Bachelor of Arts
From the Undergraduate Faculty
Humanities
Engl ish Literature
Aida Adib Lalla Nessim Abou Seif
Argine Klonari s Lai la Tadros Ghal i
-J'E I ham Gu I nena Magda Abde 1 Ham i d Abou Ze i d
He 1 en Va I avan i ~'(Ne 11 y Bbu·l os Hanna
I rene Al ourda
Education
Gregory Papafoutlou (in absentia)
Science
General Science
Nadia Habashy Simry
Social Science
Sociology-Anthropology
Daisy Karakand Ileana Mazzella
Elizabeth Nicolas Caragounis ~Mona Selim Gibara
Georgia Stylianos Mayerakis
Psychology
Hassan Abdul Mutal Abdul Bari Peggy Francoise Trak
Nelly Kamel Salib
Economics
HDtem Ishak Husselni
Hatem Okasha El Daly
Issam Anwar Sioufi
Kama I Fahmy I skanda r
Khalil Issa Othman
*With honors
~~kWith high honors
Kleanthis Arvanitakis
Laila Ahmad Enan
Mohammad Tarek El Ehwany
Mounir Emile Tawfik Doss
Youssef Anis Abou Hamad
(in absentia
Enhancing the contribution of land reform to Mexican agricultural development
No full textThe purpose of this paper is to consider whether the institutional factors associated with the Mexican land reform ( ejido ) sector constrain agricultural growth. Parting from the assumption that the ejido may be considered a more or less fixed element of Mexico's cultural and political scene, the paper focuses on the piecemeal changes that could help to enhance growth and productivity within the existing structure. The author finds no conclusive evidence that individual ejidos are significantly less productive than private farms, and hence, it seems unlikely that privatization of ejidos would greatly improve agricultural growth. He recommends the following improvements to the existing structure : giving the ejidatarios titles to their parcels of land, simplifying restrictions for private farmers on holding size and land use, ending restrictions on renting or sharecropping by ejidatarios, allowing ejidatarios to sell their land parcels to other members of their ejido, improving management of communal land, and extending credit directly to individual ejidatarios on the basis of their creditworthiness.Environmental Economics&Policies,Agricultural Knowledge&Information Systems,Banks&Banking Reform,Land Use and Policies,Rural Land Policies for Poverty Reduction
Implementing the market approach to enterprise support - an evaluation of ten matching grant schemes
No full textDeveloping viable new business is critical to recovery, and long-term growth, especially in transition economies. There has been a long history of public support of enterprise development, starting with centralized state agency initiatives, but moving more recently to decentralized instruments for development of the business services market. The window of time during which the benefits of intervention are likely to be greatest: when a market is in its infancy, and its development is constrained by uncertainty, and lack of information. Interventions for enterprise support should be demand-responsive, and flexibly organized. In some circumstances, centralized assistance may still be effective, but it is generally better to use competitive private service providers responding to enterprises'changing needs. The main task is to stimulate the private services sector, improving its capacity to respond to the demands of new, and expanding private enterprises. Support for enterprises has tended to be either free, or heavily subsidized. But such subsidies can be justified only if interventions efficiently supply goods. Providing technical, and management know-how can be a public good if it generates externalities- if, for example, know-how benefits can be disseminated at proportionately low additional cost. Any subsidy for an intervention should be temporary, and should be phased out when the main objective of intervention is achieved - that is, when the market takes off. Grants should generally be for know-how, not for equipment. There may be a case for unbundling the know-how component of loans (including feasibility studies, and follow-up expert services) for grant funding. A package combining loans and grants - through a single financial institution, or through separate institutions - may work provided safeguards can be put in place to prevent perverse use of grants. The matching grant model, which is used increasingly in the World Bank, and elsewhere, is one solution - but it must be justified, and carefully designed. After evaluating ten matching grant funds, the author concludes that performance is mixed. Best practice models are needed. Ensuring economic benefits requires proactive management, with clear objectives of market facilitation ("making a market"). And it requires a balance between rapid grant approval procedures, and careful selection of services for grants.Economic Theory&Research,Decentralization,Enterprise Development&Reform,Environmental Economics&Policies,Banks&Banking Reform,Health Economics&Finance,Banks&Banking Reform,Economic Theory&Research,Environmental Economics&Policies,ICT Policy and Strategies
An analytical study of the theatre of the Syrian playwright Saadallah Wannous, with particular emphasis on the plays written after the 1967 war
No full textThis study is an examination of the life and work of
the Syrian dramatist Saadallah Wannous (1941-1997). Wannous's name is virtually unknown in the West; only two academic studies of any significance have appeared in English on this eminent and challenging writer, who was honoured by UNESCO at the end of his life. Even in the Arab world his standing rests largely upon his celebrity as a cultural icon, since professional performances of his plays are rare due to the decline of the theatre in the region, and little attention has been devoted to theatre studies by Arab academics. The two studies in English do not attempt to be comprehensive but focus on particular stages of Wannous's career. This study is, therefore, the first to encompass the full range of Wannous's work. To do so it combines an account of his life which seeks to comprehend the various forces that shaped his thinking with an analysis of his dramatic works. The study concentrates on the plays written in the years following the trauma inflicted on the Arab world by the catastrophe of their
defeat in the Arab-Israeli war of June, 1967. Wannous's career can be divided into three phases: the immature plays of his young manhood which are influenced by European models and generally focus on the social condition of the individual; his middle period - the `theatre of politicisation', when his Marxist politics were the main
factor shaping his drama; and his late works, which are characterised by an extraordinary freedom of thought and expression. The introduction places Wannous in his historical and sociocultural context and provides a brief background explaining the literary and theatrical traditions of the Arab world that influenced his activity as a dramatist. Each phase is then examined in turn and the plays are analysed in accordance with the focus of the study. This means that emphasis is given to the middle period,
but no significant work is neglected. The study aims to trace the trajectory of Wannous's development using a
variety of sources: the plays themselves, Wannous's own journalism and critical writings, interviews with his widow, his friends and colleagues, and numerous
journals, books and articles, some of which contain
important interviews with Wannous that shed light on his thought and ways of working. Use is also made of the
two studies mentioned above. The study shows that Wannous's theatre was influenced by the key political, social and cultural developments of his time, and that he
constantly sought to find forms that would express those transformations in dramatic terms
Gobierno electrónico para la reducción de la brecha digital
No full textThe author explains the concept of electronic government from the social and governmental perspectives. He also describes how the internet can encourage the participation of more people in social development.
Throughout the text he discusses how the New Information and Communications Technologies (nict) have prompted major changes in society and have created at the same time a barrier between people who use them, and those who haven’t incorporated those into their daily life; this barrier is the digital divide. He comments about the need of implementing government strategies that aim to bring nicts to all the
nucleus of society in order to reduce the digital divide between those who manage the nicts
and those who don’t have access to them. The author also meditates on the need to promote digital literacy, so all citizens can participate of the resources of the Internet.Se explica el concepto de gobierno electrónico desde las perspectivas social y gubernamental. Igualmente se expone cómo el Internet puede fomentar la participación del mayor número de personas en el desarrollo social. A lo largo del texto se comenta cómo las Nuevas Tecnologías de la Información y Comunicación (ntic) han impulsado grandes cambios en la sociedad, y creado a la vez una gran barrera entre las personas que las usan y aquellas que no las han incorporado en su cotidianidad; esta barrera es la brecha digital. Se comenta la necesidad de implementar estrategias gubernamentales que tengan como objetivo acercar las ntic a todos los núcleos de la sociedad para disminuir la brecha digital entre quienes manejan las ntic y quienes aun no tienen acceso a ellas. Finalmete, la autora eeflexiona también acerca de la necesidad de promover la alfabetización digital para que todos los ciudadanos puedan participar de los recursos de Internet
Gobierno electrónico para la reducción de la brecha digital
No full textThe author explains the concept of electronic government from the social and governmental perspectives. He also describes how the internet can encourage the participation of more people in social development.
Throughout the text he discusses how the New Information and Communications Technologies (nict) have prompted major changes in society and have created at the same time a barrier between people who use them, and those who haven’t incorporated those into their daily life; this barrier is the digital divide. He comments about the need of implementing government strategies that aim to bring nicts to all the
nucleus of society in order to reduce the digital divide between those who manage the nicts
and those who don’t have access to them. The author also meditates on the need to promote digital literacy, so all citizens can participate of the resources of the Internet.Se explica el concepto de gobierno electrónico desde las perspectivas social y gubernamental. Igualmente se expone cómo el Internet puede fomentar la participación del mayor número de personas en el desarrollo social. A lo largo del texto se comenta cómo las Nuevas Tecnologías de la Información y Comunicación (ntic) han impulsado grandes cambios en la sociedad, y creado a la vez una gran barrera entre las personas que las usan y aquellas que no las han incorporado en su cotidianidad; esta barrera es la brecha digital. Se comenta la necesidad de implementar estrategias gubernamentales que tengan como objetivo acercar las ntic a todos los núcleos de la sociedad para disminuir la brecha digital entre quienes manejan las ntic y quienes aun no tienen acceso a ellas. Finalmete, la autora eeflexiona también acerca de la necesidad de promover la alfabetización digital para que todos los ciudadanos puedan participar de los recursos de Internet
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