3 research outputs found
Pregnancy and Childbirth During COVID-19 Pandemic: A Case Series and Review of Literature
No full textIntroduction: In March 2020, the World Health Organization introduced the Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic as a global health concern and predicted that without any changes in the transmission process, the disease would reach its peak in April. Hence, it was not unreasonable to expect the referral of pregnant women in all trimesters. Since respiratory illnesses can increase the risk of infectious diseases and maternal mortality, it is justifiable to consider COVID-19-positive cases as high-risk pregnancies. Case presentation: The present study introduced six pregnant women with COVID-19 and discussed the points to consider in managing these patients. Conclusions: Pregnant women are at increased risk in all epidemics of infectious diseases due to their physiological and immunological changes. Moreover, the safety of the fetus is another important issue to consider
Assessment of Emergency Nurses’ Knowledge and Awareness Regarding Peripheral Intravenous Extravasation: A Cross-Sectional Study
No full textBackground: Nurses play a crucial role in ensuring patient safety during intravenous therapy. Awareness of vascular extravasation is essential for preventing tissue injury and promoting evidence-based care. Considering the clinical importance of intravenous injections, their potential complications, and the limited awareness among emergency nurses, this study aimed to assess the level of knowledge regarding vascular extravasation among nurses working in the emergency departments of Khatam-al-Anbia and Ali Ibn Abi Talib hospitals in Zahedan.Methods: This cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted on 77 emergency department nurses from Khatam-al-Anbia and Ali Ibn Abi Talib hospitals in Zahedan during 2024–2025. Data were collected using a validated, researcher-developed questionnaire assessing six domains of extravasation knowledge. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS version 24, and relationships between awareness scores and demographic variables were analyzed using the independent t-test, with the significance level set at p < 0.05.Results: The mean age of participants was 34.4 ± 6.8 years, and 62.3% were female. The overall mean knowledge score was 34.2 ± 5.6 (range: 19–46) out of a maximum of 72, indicating a generally low level of awareness. In total, 61% of nurses demonstrated low awareness and 39% demonstrated moderate awareness, while none achieved a high level. The results showed a significant association between awareness scores and both educational level and participation in training courses (p < 0.05), whereas no significant relationship was found with age, gender, or work experience.Conclusions: The findings indicate that a considerable proportion of emergency nurses possess inadequate knowledge regarding vascular extravasation. Structured and continuous training programs are strongly recommended to enhance awareness, improve prevention and management skills, and ensure safer intravenous practices in emergency settings
Evaluation and Comparison of HbA1C Level in Diabetic Patients with and without Foot Ulcer: A Case control Study
No full textIntroduction: Diabetic foot is one of the long-term microvascular complications of diabetes mellitus (DM). The prevention of foot ulcers is the most effective way to reduce severe morbidity and mortality in patients with diabetes. Appropriate glycemic control is one of the most important preventive measures for diabetic foot ulcers. Glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1C) is representative of long-term blood glucose levels over the prior three months. The present study evaluated the relationship between HbA1C levels and the development of diabetic foot ulcers.
Methods: The present study was an analytical case-control study conducted in Ali-ibn-Abitaleb Hospital in Zahedan, Iran, in 2022. 130 patients comprising 65 DM patients with diabetic foot ulcers and 65 DM patients without foot ulcers were included in this study. Demographic and laboratory information was collected by the researcher using a checklist. The data were analyzed using SPSS software.
Results: The average age of the control and case groups was 64.1 and 62.6 years, respectively. The results showed a significant relationship between the age of 60-70 years and the onset of diabetic foot ulcers. There was also a significant relationship between the female gender and the occurrence of diabetic foot. No significant relationship was observed between the duration of DM and the onset of diabetic foot. The results showed that 87.7% of the people in the control group had no previous history of diabetic foot. However, 76.9% of the people in the case group had a prior history of diabetic foot. There was a significant relationship between the previous history of the diabetic foot and its recurrence in diabetic patients. Regarding the serum level of HbA1C, 78.5% and 12.3% of patients in the case group had moderate (7-10%) and poor control (10-13%), respectively. 43.1%, 50.7%, and 6.2% of people in the control group had good, moderate, and poor control and in the multivariable model, only the previous history remained in the model, which showed that the probability of infection in people with a previous history is almost 24 times higher than in people without a previous history.
Conclusion: The results indicate that age, female gender, history of diabetic foot, and high serum level of HbA1c had a significant relationship with diabetic foot. Since the serum level of HbA1c is an important indicator of long-term blood sugar control, it can possibly be used as a reliable factor to predict diabetic foot complications
