101 research outputs found
HIV status, breastfeeding modality at 5 months and postpartum maternal weight changes over 24 months in rural South Africa
No full textObjective:
To determine the effect of infant feeding practices on postpartum weight change among HIV-infected and -uninfected women in South Africa.<p></p>
Methods:
In a non-randomised intervention cohort study of antiretroviral therapy-naïve women in South Africa, infants were classified as exclusive (EBF), mixed (MF) or non-breastfed (NBF) at each visit. We analysed infant feeding cumulatively from birth to 5 months using 24-hour feeding history (collected weekly for each of the preceding 7 days). Using generalised estimating equation mixed models, allowing for repeated measures, we compared postpartum weight change (kg) from the first maternal postpartum weight within the first 6 weeks (baseline weight) to each subsequent visit through 24 months among 2340 HIV-infected and -uninfected women with live births and at least two postpartum weight measurements.<p></p>
Results:
HIV-infected (−0.2 kg CI: −1.7 to 1.3 kg; P = 0.81) and -uninfected women (−0.5 kg; 95% CI: −2.1 to 1.2 kg; P = 0.58) had marginal non-significant weight loss from baseline to 24 months postpartum. Adjusting for HIV status, socio-demographic, pregnancy-related and infant factors, 5-month feeding modality was not significantly associated with postpartum weight change: weight change by 24 months postpartum, compared to the change in the reference EBF group, was 0.03 kg in NBF (95% CI: −2.5 to +2.5 kg; P = 0.90) and 0.1 kg in MF (95% CI: −3.0 to +3.2 kg; P = 0.78).<p></p>
Conclusion:
HIV-infected and -uninfected women experienced similar weight loss over 24 months. Weight change postpartum was not associated with 5-month breastfeeding modality among HIV-infected and -uninfected women
BRICS in Africa: promoting development
No full textSummary of the discussion held at the book launch at Exclusive Books, V&A Waterfront, 11 OctoberAn enlightening book launch was held at Exclusive Books in the V&A Waterfront, featuring a distinguished panel including the book's co-editors Krish Chetty, Dr. Yul Derek Davids, and contributing
author Dr. Jaya Josie. The event centred around their new book, which delves into the intricate
dynamics of BRICS (Brazil, Russia, India, China, and South Africa) nations and their influence on African
development.N/
Communography in Phyllis Naidoo's "Charlie and Jo"
No full textPhyllis Naidoo’s Footprints beyond Grey Street (2007) adjusts conventional
boundaries of the autobiographical genre: it is written by Naidoo but appears not to
be principally concerned with the author’s life. It is written largely about her comrades
in the African National Congress who were in exile in African countries. Of the stories
in Naidoo’s “autobiography”, “Charlie and Jo” in particular epitomises the absence of
the author: a stylistic and generic anomaly which merits particular attention and thus
forms the focus of this article. This memory-tale of social recollection evidences
autobiographical self-displacement: the privileging of collective memory as opposed
to an individual’s nostalgic journey towards self-definition. This foregrounding of a
collective identity has been identified and termed communography in the writings of
comparable political groups such as the Irish Republican Army. d termed communography in the writings of comparable political groups such as the Irish Republican Army
How safe is your digital therapy session? A review of ethical considerations for online counselling
No full textOnline counselling is currently one of the options available to clients and is presently being practiced despite numerous concerns regarding its effectiveness and ethicality. Within this thesis, the author defines online counselling and aims to review the applicable literature to gain information and insight into the effectiveness of this method of counselling. There is also discussion surrounding the ethical dilemmas that online counselling presents intertwined with considerations on significant ethical codes and guidelines. The author concludes with some recommendations and discussion with respect to best practices and an existing ethical framework for online counselling
The struggle for the Warwick Market in Durban
No full textPicture 1 – Protest of the Early Morning Market Support Group in May-June 2009 Author : Roy Chetty, Mai-June 2009. The Warwick Avenue Triangle (WAT), an inner city community, and one of the oldest mixed residential areas in Durban, defied the apartheid state's strategies to destroy it. Slum clearance laws, the Group Areas Act, and urban renewal programmes were used to try to destroy the community. It would appear that in the post-apartheid era, the Durban Metro is attempting to succeed where..
Mechanism of epithelialization of wounds in rabbits
No full textThesis (M.A.)--Boston UniversityPLEASE NOTE: Boston University Libraries did not receive an Authorization To Manage form for this thesis or dissertation. It is therefore not openly accessible, though it may be available by request. If you are the author or principal advisor of this work and would like to request open access for it, please contact us at [email protected]. Thank you.2999-01-0
The internationalisation of Chinese privately owned SMEs: From network and institutional perspectives
No full textThis thesis examines Chinese SMEs and focuses on their internationalisation. It explains how and why these SMEs internationalise with the influence of both networks and institutions. It contributes to the internationalisation theory by providing an integrated network and institutional approach. It also contextualises this theory, which was mainly developed by studies on developed economies, to the emerging economy of China.
Thus, this study investigates the integrative influence of both networks and institutions on Chinese SMEs’ internationalisation. It focuses on the specific patterns of foreign market selection, entry mode, and the pace of these SMEs during internationalisation. It also concentrates on the influence of three types of networks (business, social and mixed) and three dimensions of institutions (regulative, normative and cognitive).
This thesis adopts a multiple case study approach based on qualitative data, as this thesis is a theory-building study. The data collection process has been conducted in eight SMEs in China through twenty-five interviews and observation. The research author has interviewed and visited these firms twice during a two-year period. Also, this research takes an ‘abduction’ process in which empirical observations and findings are continuously connected to existing literature to generate explanations.
This study found that networks and institutions both influence Chinese SMEs’ internationalisation; specifically, networks are influenced by institutions. In addition, the internationalisation of Chinese SMEs can be explained by the paradoxes that co-exist when networks and institutions are integrated. While networks and institutions can support Chinese SME internationalisation they can also hinder the process.
For future research, this study provides an integrative approach to incorporating networks and institutions to explain SMEs’ internationalisation. In addition, adopting the paradoxical view is a promising start to explain international business especially in the context of China. The practical implications are that SMEs can learn how to use different types of networks for success in turbulent transitional institutions. Policymakers could enhance their knowledge of how to facilitate SMEs to internationalise successfully by providing a supportive institutional environment
The practical teaching of quantum mechanics
No full textThe author teaches introductory quantum mechanics to third-year students at the University of Pretoria. Quantum mechanics is without a doubt one of the most challenging topics in the physics curriculum. It has been described as "All is waves, with nothing waving, over no distance at all!" The mathematics of quantum mechanics is demanding, and the interpretation and conceptual understanding of the subject continue to occupy the minds of even some of our greatest thinkers today, more than a hundred years after its foundations were laid. Consequently, at the University of Pretoria, student performance has been notoriously low, students became discouraged, and absenteeism, plagiarism and copying plagued its delivery. The author intervened this year (2018) with a radically different approach to address these challenges. The outcomes have been significant, and the reviews (received from about 50% of the students) indicate that this new approach has worked beyond expectations. In this paper, the many different challenges faced and interventions made will be outlined.http://iopscience.iop.org1742-6596am2021Physic
The internationalisation of Chinese privately owned SMEs: From network and institutional perspectives
No full textThis thesis examines Chinese SMEs and focuses on their internationalisation. It explains how and why these SMEs internationalise with the influence of both networks and institutions. It contributes to the internationalisation theory by providing an integrated network and institutional approach. It also contextualises this theory, which was mainly developed by studies on developed economies, to the emerging economy of China.
Thus, this study investigates the integrative influence of both networks and institutions on Chinese SMEs’ internationalisation. It focuses on the specific patterns of foreign market selection, entry mode, and the pace of these SMEs during internationalisation. It also concentrates on the influence of three types of networks (business, social and mixed) and three dimensions of institutions (regulative, normative and cognitive).
This thesis adopts a multiple case study approach based on qualitative data, as this thesis is a theory-building study. The data collection process has been conducted in eight SMEs in China through twenty-five interviews and observation. The research author has interviewed and visited these firms twice during a two-year period. Also, this research takes an ‘abduction’ process in which empirical observations and findings are continuously connected to existing literature to generate explanations.
This study found that networks and institutions both influence Chinese SMEs’ internationalisation; specifically, networks are influenced by institutions. In addition, the internationalisation of Chinese SMEs can be explained by the paradoxes that co-exist when networks and institutions are integrated. While networks and institutions can support Chinese SME internationalisation they can also hinder the process.
For future research, this study provides an integrative approach to incorporating networks and institutions to explain SMEs’ internationalisation. In addition, adopting the paradoxical view is a promising start to explain international business especially in the context of China. The practical implications are that SMEs can learn how to use different types of networks for success in turbulent transitional institutions. Policymakers could enhance their knowledge of how to facilitate SMEs to internationalise successfully by providing a supportive institutional environment
Recurrent breast cancer and endobronchial ultrasound-transbronchial needle aspiration
No full textAbstractA 67 years old female with previous breast cancer and a 40-pack year smoking history presented with recurrent lower respiratory tract infections on a background of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.Despite a normal chest X-ray, the history of recurrent infections led to a high resolution computed tomography scan to exclude structural lung disease. This showed subcarinal lymphadenopathy, multiple nodules in the right lung and suggestion of lymphangitis. She proceeded to have EBUS-TBNA of the enlarged paratracheal and subcarinal lymph nodes. Cytology was consistent with the diagnosis of recurrent metastatic breast carcinoma. The patient went on to receive Letrozole and radiotherapy.EBUS-TBNA is typically used to both diagnose and stage suspected lung cancer, usually in a solitary procedure. However, it is also useful in patients with undiagnosed mediastinal and hilar lymphadenopathy. This case adds to the paucity of literature whereby EBUS-TBNA was used as a quick and effective tool by which recurrent breast cancer was diagnosed
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