31 research outputs found
Ultrastructure of human ovarian tissues and risk of cancer cells re-implantation after transplantation to chick embryo chorioallantois membrane (CAM) following vitrification or slow freezing
No full textOvarian follicle depletion and premature ovarian failure are significant challenges in cancer patients subjected to radio- or chemotherapy. Ovarian tissue (OT) cryopreservation would be an option when other fertility preservation methods are not accessible.
This study aimed to analyze the structure and ultrastructure of human OTs transplanted onto chick embryo chorioallantois membrane (CAM) after cryopreservation by vitrification or slow freezing. OTs from 10 cancer patients underwent cryopreservation. CAM transplantation was done on fresh and cryopreserved OTs, to assign samples to nine study groups as follows: 1) FI-FIII = fresh, 5- and 10-days post-CAM transplantation groups; 2) VI-VIII = vitrified, 5- and 10-days post-transplantation vitrified groups; 3) SFI-SFIII: slow frozen, 5- and 10-days post-transplantation slow freezing groups. Proliferation ability, folliculogenesis, and structural and ultrastructure were analyzed.
The density of primordial follicles did not change after both freezing methods, but reduced after 5 (P ≥ 0.05) and 10 days (P ≤ 0.05) post-CAM transplantation. The follicular grade significantly decreased in all transplanted tissues (P ≤ 0.0). The proliferation marker increased after cryopreservation, but reduced after transplantation (P ≤ 0.05). TEM evaluation showed better follicular ultrastructure in the fresh group, after transplantation. Stromal ultrastructure appeared more preserved after vitrification compared with slow freezing. There was no sign of malignant cell contamination after transplantation.
Some follicular TEM abnormalities were found in both methods of freezing, with a better transplantation rate after vitrification. Also, enhanced follicular activation resulted in faster follicular depletion in this method. The information regarding post grafting events would improve our knowledge for longer OTs' lifespans
Effective dosage of growth differentiation factor‐9β in folliculogenesis and angiogenesis in the sheep ovarian tissues grafted onto chick embryo chorioallantoic membrane
No full textAim: Scientists have tried to culture and transplant the ovarian tissues (OT), to preserve fertility in cancer
patients. However, one of the main limitations to the applicability of this technique is the folliculogenesis
disruption after transplantation. Due to the roles exerted by growth differentiation factor-9β (GDF9β), we
decided to determine the most effective dose of GDF9β on promotion of folliculogenesis and angiogenesis in
sheep OT grafted onto the chick chorioallantoic membrane (CAM).
Methods: Fresh sheep OT were grafted onto the CAM for 5 days, and divided into four groups based on
the addition of increasing doses of GDF9β (0, 150, 200 and 250 ng/mL). Following culture, histological
(hematoxylin and eosin [H&E] staining) and immunohistological studies (Ki-67) were done. Fibrotic and
necrotic regions were measured using MICROVISIBLE software. For comparing the follicle development
rates between the groups as well as differences in the Ki-67-positive follicles, analysis of variance was
applied.
Results: In both 200 and 250 ng/mL GDF9β groups, significantly higher rates of intermediary and primary follicles were observed, also the numbers of good quality follicles increased in the aforementioned
groups and the rates of fibrotic and necrotic areas decreased. Moreover, in the 200 and 250 ng/mL
GDF9β groups, the number of capillaries and the proliferative activity increased. The lower dose of
GDF9β (150 ng/mL) neither activated the primordial follicles nor lead to an increase in the number of
growing follicles.
Conclusion: Addition of high dosages of GDF9β to the OT, grafted onto the CAM resulted in higher
folliculogenesis and better transplantation features due to improvement in angiogenesis
Corrigendum to “The report of ovarian tissue transplant in Iran: A case report” [Int J Reprod BioMed 2024; 22: 323–328]
No full textThe publisher has been informed of an error that occurred on page 323 in which the third authors affiliation must be changed to Molecular Medicine Research Center, Research Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran. On behalf of the author, the publisher wishes to apologize for this error. The online version of the article has been updated on September 30, 2024 and can be found at https://doi.org/10.18502/ijrm.v22i4.16393
Vitamin D and juvenile idiopathic arthritis
No full textBackground: Vitamin D has been implicated in the pathogenesis of autoimmune diseases. While the roles of vitamin D in
other autoimmune diseases have been investigated, less is known about the role of vitamin D in chronic childhood arthritis.
Main body: This review summarizes and evaluates evidence relating to 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) and chronic
childhood arthritis. A scoping literature review was conducted using Ovid Medline, Ovid Embase, Cumulative Index to
Nursing and Allied Health Literature, Web of Science and Scopus. Further, we geo-mapped the results of the studies to
identify the patterns of the association between vitamin D and chronic childhood arthritis across the globe. Of 38 studies
reporting 25(OH)D concentrations in childhood chronic arthritis, 32 (84.2%) reported that a significant number of children
had suboptimal (< 75 nmol/L) status.
Conclusion: The data indicate suboptimal vitamin D status in children with chronic arthritis. Further
Impact of replacing regular chocolate milk with the reduced-sugar option on milk consumption in elementary schools in Saskatoon, Canada
No full textExcess sugar consumption in children has led to the removal of chocolate milk from some schools. Lower-sugar formulations, if accepted, would provide the benefits of milk consumption. In a cross-over trial, milk consumption was measured in 8 schools over 6 weeks in 2 phases: phase 1 provided standard 1% chocolate milk and plain 2% milk choices for the first 3 weeks, and phase 2 provided reduced-sugar 1% chocolate milk and plain 2% milk for the next 3 weeks. Milk selection and milk wasted were measured by sex and grade (1–8). Children chose chocolate milk more often than white milk in both phases (phase 1, 8.93% ± 0.75% vs. 0.87% ± 0.11% (p < 0.001), and phase 2, 5.76% ± 0.29% vs. 0.78% ± 0.14% (p < 0.001), respectively). Fewer children chose reduced-sugar chocolate milk in phase 2 (p < 0.001). A greater percentage of younger students (grades 1–4) than older students (grades 5–8) purchased milk in both phases (phase 1, 11.10% ± 0.81% vs. 8.36% ± 0.74%, p = 0.020, and phase 2, 8.47% ± 0.43% vs. 4.62% ± 0.40%, p < 0.001, respectively); older children drank more milk at lunch. Schoolchildren preferred chocolate milk over plain milk even when a reduced-sugar formula was offered; however, switching to reduced-sugar chocolate milk led to a decrease in the number of students choosing milk. Longer-duration studies are required to determine if students would purchase reduced-sugar chocolate milk at the same rate as they would purchase regular chocolate milk
The Effect of Training in Virtual Environment on Nursing Students Attitudes toward Virtual Learning and its Relationship with Learning Style
No full textIntroduction: It is impossible to be successful in virtual training unless we consider individuals’ viewpoints toward it. Despite this fact, less attention has been paid to students’ attitudes at the end of a virtual course in the published studies. This study investigates the effect of a virtual training course on the students` attitudes toward virtual education and its relationship with learning styles.
Methods: This was a quasi-experimental study based on pre- and post- tests. Study population included undergraduate nursing students of second semester entered to Razi Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery of Kerman University of Medical Sciences in year 2009 and were studying the course titled “fluid and electrolyte disorders”. Students were divided into two groups of traditional or virtual learning, randomly. Course content was presented to the virtual group via website while traditional group were taught in classroom. Students’ attitudes toward virtual education were collected via a researcher-made questionnaire. Their learning styles were assessed by Gaziano & Liesen questionnaire. Data was analyzed by descriptive statistics (mean, standard deviation, and frequency distribution) and analytical statistics (independent t-test and paired t).
Results: Before training, the mean score (out of 5) of attitude toward virtual education was 3.19±0.48 in virtual group and 3.21±0.33 in traditional group the difference between mean scores was not significant. At the end of the semester, the score was 3.55±0.45 for virtual group and 3.21 ± 0.46 for traditional group which showed a statistically significant difference (p=0.03, t=2.15). The results of ANOVA revealed no significant relationship between learning style and attitude toward virtual training (p=0.07).
Conclusion: This study showed that passing a virtual training course could improve students’ attitudes toward virtual education. There is no difference in attitude toward virtual education among people with different learning styles
Impact of the removal of chocolate milk from school milk programs for children in Saskatoon, Canada
No full textStudies in the United States report inclusion of flavoured milk in the diets of children and youth improves nutrient intakes. No research has investigated the contribution of flavoured milk to overall milk intake or the milk preferences of Canadian children. The objective of the study was to measure milk consumption (plain milk and flavoured milk) by children in an elementary school environment and investigate factors contributing to milk choice. A mixed-method research design was applied across 6 schools for 12 weeks. Milk waste was measured in grades 1–8 for 12 weeks. Weeks 1–4 (phase 1) and 9–12 (phase 3) provided both plain milk and flavoured milk as chocolate milk while weeks 5–8 (phase 2) provided plain milk only. Beverage Frequency Questionnaires were used in each phase (in grades 5–8 only) to assess usual beverage consumption. Statistical nutrient modelling was conducted to determine the effects of removing chocolate milk during phase 2 as a milk choice. Later, focus groups were conducted with students in grades 5–8 to determine what influences them to choose/not choose to drink milk. Total milk intake decreased by 12.3% when chocolate milk was removed from the schools (26.6% ± 5.2% to 14.31% ± 1.6%, p < 0.001). Milk choice was influenced by environmental factors as well as taste, cost, convenience, and variety. Total milk intake was associated with location (p = 0.035) and cost (p < 0.001), with rural students and/or those students receiving free milk drinking the greatest amount of milk. Nutrient modelling revealed chocolate milk is more cost-efficient and convenient at providing nutrients than alternative food/drink combinations
Immigrant families’ experience of the Canadian food and nutrition environment
No full textUpon arrival, immigrants are thrust into the Canadian food environment, which is at an advanced stage of the nutrition transition continuum, encompassing reduced physical activity, sedentary lifestyles, and energy dense diets. In addition to the influence of readily available energy dense foods, immigrant children’s food environments may also be impacted by limited availability of traditional foods, economic-constraints, time-constraints, parents’ cooking skills, parents’ child feeding styles, and school food environments. The study involved in-depth interviews with 19 immigrant parents regarding their family experiences of the Canadian food and nutrition environment, along with 22 participants from settlement agencies, community schools, English-as-a-Second-Language programs, and healthcare organizations. Many newcomers shared experiences that highlighted drastic changes to their food environment upon arrival, including reduced access to open air fresh produce markets, increased access to large supermarkets, fast-paced lifestyles, and the pervasive presence of fast foods and snack foods. Some parents indicated that food purchase decisions were impacted by children’s demands and that their children’s school environments affected the types of foods their children would eat. A few service providers mentioned negative impacts on breastfeeding, and the change in physical environment as part of the nutrition environment due to association with vitamin D status. The early years are a pivotal time in the development of eating patterns so supportive food and nutrition environments in homes, communities, and schools can ensure that children develop healthy eating habits to support long-term health.The presentation of the authors' names and (or) special characters in the title of the pdf file of the accepted manuscript may differ slightly from what is displayed on the item page. The information in the pdf file of the accepted manuscript reflects the original submission by the author
How does Canada’s new vitamin D fortification policy affect the high prevalence of inadequate intake of the vitamin?
No full textHealth Canada’s new vitamin D fortification policy intends to promote bone health and reduce inadequacies by essentially doubling the mandatory fortification in margarine and cow’s milk. Using 2015 Canadian Community Health Survey data, we modelled the population-level impact of this policy. Among supplement non-consumers, the policy resulted in significant reductions of inadequacies across all population groups, however 76% of Canadians were still below the estimated average requirement (10g/day or 400 IU/day). Among supplement consumers, no significant changes were found. Therefore, the fortification policy may benefit Canadians not taking supplements, although it alone cannot eliminate population-level vitamin D inadequacies and supplementation should be promoted.The presentation of the authors' names and (or) special characters in the title of the pdf file of the accepted manuscript may differ slightly from what is displayed on the item page. The information in the pdf file of the accepted manuscript reflects the original submission by the author
Pulse Discovery toolkit: Protocol for a multi-component nutrition intervention developed using an intervention mapping approach to promote the consumption of pulse-based foods in childcare centers [Preprint]
No full textBackground:
Plant-based foods, including pulses (dry beans, lentils, chickpeas, and peas), have gained worldwide attention due to their health and environmental benefits. Despite high productions, the consumption of pulses is low in Canada. Behavior change interventions systematically designed to promote the consumption of pulse-based foods are scarce.
Objective:
This protocol describes a multi-component nutrition intervention developed using an intervention mapping approach to promote the consumption of pulse-based foods among pre-school children in childcare centers in Saskatchewan.
Methods:
The intervention, Pulse Discovery Tool Kit, was developed following the six steps of the intervention mapping (IM) protocol. Decisions at each step were either based upon a literature review, expert consultation, pre-testing, or a combination of these. Following the initial phase of the study, which focused on intervention development, Phase II and Phase III of the study were concerned with pilot testing and roll-out of the intervention, respectively. In total, n=1, n=2 and n=4 childcare centers participated in Phase I, II and III, respectively. A multi-method approach was designed to evaluate the intervention during pilot-testing and roll-out.
Results:
The application of IM Steps 1-3 in Phase I resulted in the creation of performance objectives at different levels, including at the individual level (preschool child), and the social and environmental level (parents, early childhood educator and cook). These objectives were then used to create a matrix of objectives matching the constructs of the Social Cognitive Theory while taking Piaget’s cognitive development into consideration. This step was followed by defining program components, implementation, adoption, and evaluation strategies, which were implemented in Phase II and III.
Conclusions:
The intervention mapping protocol provided a rigorous framework for the development of a multi-component evidence-based intervention to promote pulse-based foods in childcare centers. Clinical Trial: N
