77 research outputs found
Correction: Salarkaleji, M. Frequency and Polarization-Diversified Linear Sampling Methods for Microwave Tomography and Remote Sensing Using Electromagnetic Metamaterials. Electronics 2017, 6, 85
No full textThe authors would like to change the affiliation for second author, Mohammadreza Eskandari, as listed in the original version of the article [...
Trischistoma abharensis Asghari, Eskandari, Maafi, Zhao, Álvarez-Ortega & Nadirkhanloo, 2015, n. sp.
No full textTrischistoma abharensis n. sp. (Figs 1‒3) Measurements. See Table 1. Material examined. Holotype female and two paratype females deposited in Nematode Collection of the Faculty of Agriculture, University of Zanjan, Zanjan, Iran (slide no, N 4 – 1, N 4 – 2). Two paratype females deposited at the National Nematode Collection, New Zealand (NNCNZ). Description. Female (n = 9). Body slender, bent dorsad mainly in the posterior part after heat relaxation (Fig. 1 E). Cuticle very thin, 1–2 Μm thick, apparently smooth under light microscopy (LM) but fine transverse striations seen with SEM, with sparse somatic setae on the sublateral body. Labial region broadly rounded, slightly offset, 12.3 ± 0.5 (12–13) Μm diameter. SEM and LM micrographs (Figs 2 A,B; 3 A‒C) show: three triangular lips, labial papillae short and conical, outer labial and cephalic setae in two whorls, six longer setae (outer labial) 6.7 ± 0.4 (6.0– 7.5) Μm long, 50–58 % of head diameter long, more or less arcuate and directed anteriorly, four shorter setae (cephalic setae) 5.2 ± 0.3 (4.5–6) Μm, 38–46 % of head diameter long, thinner than the outer labial setae, more or less arcuate. Ventral cervical setae absent but a pair of thin sublateral setae placed at about half (51–59 %) the pharynx length (Fig. 1 C), 144 ± 7.4 (135–153) Μm from anterior end. Amphid small, calyciform, 18.5 ± 0.9 (18– 20) Μm from anterior end. Mouth cavity narrow, dorsal tooth distinct, 17.6 ± 1.1 (16–19) Μm from anterior end of body, subventral tooth not seen or difficult to observe. (Figs 1 A,B; 2 C). Pharynx cylindrical, strongly muscular. Cardia small, disc-like (Fig. 2 D). No glands between pharynx and intestine observed. Coelomocytes not seen. Genital tract mono-prodelphic, 332–397 Μm long, reflexed anteriorly, tip not reaching vulva. Distance between posterior end of pharynx and vulva 2.7 –3.0 times longer than pharynx. Vulval lips not sclerotized, vagina short, less than one third body diameter and surrounded by muscular tube (Fig. 2 F). Post-vulval uterine sac absent. Vulvaanus distance 2.6 ± 0.2 (1.9 –4.0) tail lengths. Rectum almost as long as anal body diameter (Fig. 2 G). Tail 74 ± 3.5 (60–87) Μm long, conoid, and dorsally bent, with one pair subdorsal caudal setae (Fig. 3 G). Three caudal glands, spinneret small. Male. Not found. Type habitat and locality. The new species was extracted from the rhizosphere of grapevines, in Abhar, Zanjan province, Iran (GPS coordinates: 36 ° 6 ʹ 22.03 " N, 49 ° 16 ʹ 28.65 " E). All specimens were collected by the last author during July-August 2013. Diagnosis and Relationships. Trischistoma abharensis n. sp. is characterised by having females with body length of 1069–1322 Μm; sparse somatic setae on the sublateral body; absence of ventromedian cervical setae; a distinct dorsal tooth directed anteriorly; absence of post-vulval uterine sac (PVS); and a pair of caudal setae on the tail. Males were not found, suggesting that they are either rare or absent. The species in the genus Trischistoma are divided into two groups with or without a PVS (Table 2). Trischistoma abharensis n. sp. belongs to the second group (i. e. without a PVS), containing T. waiotama, T. pellucidum, T. tukorehe and T. gracile. Trischistoma abharensis n. sp. is morphologically similar to T. gracile, but it can be separated by having slightly longer body length (1069–1322 vs 1000–1100 Μm), more slender body (a = 53.5–62.6 vs 49–53), longer pharynx (240–266 vs 205–216 Μm), the location of the dorsal tooth: (posterior to cephalic setae and 16–19 Μm from the anterior end vs opposite to cephalic setae and 12 Μm from the anterior end), distinct dorsal tooth vs indistinct or minute dorsal tooth, having sparse somatic setae on the body vs absent; and a pair of caudal setae on the tail vs absent. The new species differs from T. waiotama by having a longer body length (1069–1322 vs 675–908 Μm) and more slender body shape (a = 53.5–62.6 vs 32–41), longer pharynx (240–266 vs 171–198 Μm), posterior position of dorsal tooth (16–19 vs 13–15 Μm from anterior end), tail length (60–87 vs 50–64 Μm), ventral cervical seta (absent vs present), lateral cervical seta (or somatic seta) in the cervical region (present vs absent). It can be separated from T. pellucidum by its longer body length (1069–1322 vs 600–800 Μm) and more slender body (a = 53.5–62.6 vs 36– 43), longer pharynx (240–266 vs 155 Μm), having a distinct dorsal tooth vs a minute dorsal tooth, lateral cervical seta (or somatic seta) in the cervical region (present vs unknown) and tail length (78–87 vs 50–60 Μm). It also differs from T. tukorehe by having a more slender body (a = 53.5–62.6 vs 38.5–47.1), number of dorsal tooth (one vs two), lateral cervical seta (or somatic seta) in the cervical region (present vs absent). The new species lacks a post-vulval uterine sac and differs from the species possessing this character viz: T. monohystera, T. equatoriale, T. otaika, T. subtilissimum, T. tenuissimum and T. veracruzense. Etymology. Species epithet refers to the city of Abhar, where the type specimen was collected.Published as part of Asghari, Ramezan, Eskandari, Ali, Maafi, Zahra Tanha, Zhao, Zeng Qi, Álvarez-Ortega, Sergio & Nadirkhanloo, Majid, 2015, Description of Trischistoma abharensis n. sp. (Nematoda: Trischistomatidae) and first record of Tripylella intermedia (Bütschli, 1873) Brzeski & Winiszewska-Ślipinska, 1993 (Nematoda: Tripylidae) from Iran, pp. 357-372 in Zootaxa 3986 (3) on pages 359-364, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3986.3.5, http://zenodo.org/record/23175
Composition and process parameter dependence of yield strength in laser powder bed fusion alloys
No full textUnderstanding the factors influencing yield strengthening in alloys processed by laser powder bed fusion (LPBF) is critical in designing new formulations, and for predicting the optimum parameters for their processing. In this work, a relationship between the heat input and strengthening and softening mechanisms is proposed for a titanium, nickel and stainless steel alloy (Ti-6Al-4V, IN718 and 316L, respectively). Maximum strength is obtained with increasing heat input in 316L stainless steel; whereas IN718 and Ti-6Al-4V require low heat inputs. The results demonstrate that yield strength can be described in terms of the normalised enthalpy. The variation in the yield strength of LPBFed alloys depends prominently on dislocation multiplication/annihilation at certain processing temperatures and thermal straining, which are alloy dependent; as well as on dislocation strengthening and heat dissipation during cooling, which are process dependent. These dependencies are modelled via well-known metallurgical approaches. The relative contribution of various strengthening mechanisms is revealed. The findings of this work can be used as a metric for the prediction and further improvement of yield strength based on the choice of LPBF process parameters and chemical composition. © 2020 The Author
Pratylenchoides persicus Azizi, Eskandari, Karegar, Ghaderi, Elsen, Holterman & Helder, 2016, n. sp.
No full textDescription of <i>Pratylenchoides persicus</i> n. sp. <p>(Figures 1 & 4; Tables 1 & 2)</p> <p> <b>Female.</b> Body slightly curved ventrally after heat fixation. Cuticle with distinct annuli, 1.5–1.8 µm wide at midbody; lateral field with six longitudinal incisures at deirid and mid-body, and four incisures at post-phasmid, the outer bands areolated at posterior part of pharynx, 7.0–8.8 µm wide and occupying 31–38 % of the body width at mid-body. Lip region off-set by slight depression with body contour, rounded anteriorly or slightly flattened and bearing four or five distinct but fine annuli, 9.4–10.3 µm wide at base and 3.6–4.1 µm high (Fig. 1 B–D and 4 A & B). Stylet strong with rounded or posteriorly flattened basal knobs; the conus 9.0–11.2 µm long or half of the total stylet length. Dorsal pharyngeal gland orifice located 3–4 µm behind the stylet knobs. Median bulb oval, 13–19 µm long and 10.0–12.3 µm wide with refractive valves. Deirids at the level of hemizonid or slightly anterior to it. Secretory-excretory pore located in anterior half of the pharyngeal glands or 110–126 µm from the body anterior end; hemizonid 2–4 annuli anterior to secretory-excretory pore. Pharyngeal glands abutting or slightly overlapping intestine dorsally; all three nuclei of dorsal and subventral glands located anterior to the pharyngo-intestinal valve (Fig. 1 C–D and 4 F–H). Intestinal fasciculi visible in some specimens. Reproductive system didelphic, amphidelphic; spermatheca rounded, filled with globular sperm. Vagina 9–12 µm long and 40–50 % of the body width at vulva. Tail cylindrical, with truncate to low rounded and coarsely annulated terminus. Hyaline thickness 7–10 µm. Phasmids located 21–30 µm posterior to anus, in the posterior half of the tail (Fig. 1 J–L and 4 L–N).</p> <p> <b>Male.</b> Similar to female in general view. Body slightly curved ventrally. Lateral field with six incisures; outer band areolated. Lip region high, rounded or slightly flattened. Stylet slightly more slender than that of females (Fig. 1 E & F and 4 C & D). Spicules curved ventrally, gubernaculum simple. Tail conical, tapering gradually to a conoid or more or less subcylindrical terminus (Fig. 1 M–N and 4 O).</p> <p> <b>Diagnosis and relationships.</b> <i>Pratylenchoides persicus</i> <b>n. sp.</b> is characterized by a lip region rounded anteriorly or slight flattened and bearing four or five fine annuli, pharyngeal glands abutting or slightly overlapping intestine dorsally, all the three gland nuclei located anterior to the pharyngo-intestinal valve and tail cylindrical with truncate to low rounded terminus. This species comes closest to <i>P. heathi</i> Baldwin, Luc & Bell, 1983; <i>P. sheri</i> Robbins, 1985; <i>P. arenicola</i> Ryss & Sturhan, 2001; <i>P. laticauda</i> Braun & Loof, 1967 and <i>P. erzurumensis</i> Yüksel, 1977. In comparison with the original description of <i>P. heathi</i> (Baldwin <i>et al.</i> 1983), the new species can be separated by shorter body length (601–784 <i>vs</i> 820–1330 µm), smaller stylet (19.7–22 <i>vs</i> 23.5–27.5 µm), shorter tail (35–46 <i>vs</i> 44–69 µm) and different shape of tail terminus (truncate to low rounded <i>vs</i> rounded) in females, as well as a smaller stylet (19.8–20.9 <i>vs</i> 23.5–27 µm) in males. <i>P. persicus</i> <b>n. sp.</b> has a shorter body than <i>P. sheri</i> (601–784 <i>vs</i> 898–1173 µm), a shorter stylet (19.7–22 <i>vs</i> 22–25.5 µm), a shorter pharynx (154–194 <i>vs</i> 190–217 µm), and a shorter tail (35–46 <i>vs</i> 47–64 µm) in females. Furthermore, <i>P. persicus</i> <b>n. sp.</b> males have a shorter stylet (19.8–20.9 <i>vs</i> 21.5–24 µm) and spicules (21.7–27 <i>vs</i> 28–31 µm). <i>P. persicus</i> <b>n. sp.</b> differs from <i>P. arenicola</i> in the shape of tail terminus in males (usually conical <i>vs</i> cylindrical), as well as a shorter stylet (19.7–22 <i>vs</i> 25 µm in females and 19.8–20.9 <i>vs</i> 23–25 µm in males), also in body length (601–784 <i>vs</i> 980–1100 µm in females and 623–665 <i>vs</i> 800– 890 µm in males). The other two related species, <i>P. laticauda</i> and <i>P. erzurumensis</i>, have a longer overlap of the pharyngeal glands with the intestine (<i>vs</i> abutting or very short overlapping), posterior position of the subventral gland nuclei to the cardium (at least one of the subventral gland nuclei close to the cardium <i>vs</i> all the three nuclei distinctly anterior to the cardium), different glands shape (saccate <i>vs</i> elongate-cylindrical) and a smaller number of head annuli (usually 3 wide annuli <i>vs</i> 4 or 5 fine annuli). Furthermore, males of <i>P. erzurumensis</i> have a conoid lip region which is different from that of females (rounded or flattened, similar to that of females, in <i>P. persicus</i> <b>n. sp.</b>).</p> <p> <b>Type material.</b> Holotype female (slide number KA1100), eight paratype females and three males and five juveniles on slide numbers KA1101-KA1105 kept in the nematode collection of Department of Plant Protection, College of Agriculture, University of Zanjan, Iran; two female paratypes, two males and one juvenile on slide numbers WT3668 and WT 3669 in the Nematode Collection of Plantenziektenkundige Dienst, Wageningen, The Netherlands.</p> <p> <b>Type habitat and locality.</b> The specimens were collected by the second author (Ali Eskandari) from the rhizosphere of oregano (<i>Origanum vulgare</i> L.) in Abr forest, Shahrud county, Semnan province, northern Iran (GPS coordinates: N 37° 45' 385"– E 55° 02' 287"), May 2014.</p> <p> <b>Etymology.</b> The species epithet refers to the Latin name of Iran, the country where it was recovered and identified.</p>Published as part of <i>Azizi, Kourosh, Eskandari, Ali, Karegar, Akbar, Ghaderi, Reza, Elsen, Sven Van Den, Holterman, Martijn & Helder, Johannes, 2016, Morphological and molecular characterization of Pratylenchoides persicus n. sp. (Nematoda: Merliniidae) and additional data on two other species of the genus from Iran, pp. 459-474 in Zootaxa 4205 (5)</i> on page 461, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4205.5.4, <a href="http://zenodo.org/record/198032">http://zenodo.org/record/198032</a>
Application of low-voltage UVC light and synthetic ZnO nanoparticles to photocatalytic degradation of ciprofloxacin in aqueous sample solutions
No full textMicroextraction of mebendazole across supported liquid membrane forced by pH gradient and electrical field
No full textEffect of 32.5 and 42.5 Cement Grades on ANN Prediction of Fibrocement Compressive Strength
No full textAbstractThis research synthesizes findings from the literature review and experimental investigation which divided into two phases. Phase one included the design artificial neural network (ANN) to predict ferrocement compressive strength due to various materials component and validation of that by previous data from literature. The inputs of these charts were cement content, water to cement, water binder, water to cement and sand ratios. These charts can be used easily to predict the compressive strength of ferrocement if the used same compressive strength of cement.In addition to evaluated the ANN experimental results of 12 various mixtures were carried out as per ASTM standards to effect on strength of cement to evaluate the compressive strength of mortar cubes at 28 days, with the application of different compounds mortar mixes with cement/sand ratio 2:3 and varying water/binder ratio between 0.3 to 0.6, using field sand, ASTM graded sand and two type of compressive strength of OPC (ordinary portland cement). The training and testing results of ANN in the multilayer feed-forward neural and comparison by experimental result shown that neural networks systems has strong potential for predicting compressive strength of mortars if the ferrocement component of input have same materials properties
An investigation into the role of polyethyleneimine in chemical bath deposition of zinc oxide nanowires
No full textLongitudinal extensibility of the dorsal skin of the hand
No full textPubMedID: 31370771We aimed to assess the longitudinal extensibility of the dorsal skin of the hand. Measurements were done in five hand positions on the dominant hands of 64 volunteers. The positions were full flexion of the wrist and fingers, drop hand, flat hand, hand with opposed thumb and full extension. Dorsal marks were made on the skin in full flexion. The marks were transferred to transparent parchment paper strips with the hand in the different positions. Skin extensibility was assessed by the change in the distance between two skin marks from the full extension position to the other positions. Opposition required the highest degree of skin extensibility in the dorsal radial region, followed orderly by ulnar and central regions. Generally, the extensibility increased from distal to proximal and from ulnar to radial. These findings may be useful in the management of dorsal hand soft tissue defects. © The Author(s) 2019
Separation and identification of snuff constituents by using GC-MS and ICP-OES as well as health risk assessment of some existing heavy metals
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