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3D Printing of Self‐Healing Materials
Get PDFThis review article presents a comprehensive overview of the latest advances in the field of 3D printable structures with self-healing properties. Three-dimensional printing (3DP) is a versatile technology that enables the rapid manufacturing of complex geometric structures with precision and functionality not previously attainable. However, the application of 3DP technology is still limited by the availability of materials with customizable properties specifically designed for additive manufacturing. The addition of self-healing properties within 3D printed objects is of high interest as it can improve the performance and lifespan of structural components, and even enable the mimicking of living tissues for biomedical applications, such as organs printing. The review will discuss and analyze the most relevant results reported in recent years in the development of self-healing polymeric materials that can be processed via 3D printing. After introducing the chemical and physical self-healing mechanism that can be exploited, the literature review here reported will focus in particular on printability and repairing performances. At last, actual perspective and possible development field will be critically discussed
SELF-HEALING HYDROGELS 3D-PRINTED VIA VAT PHOTOPOLYMERIZATION
Get PDFvirtual European Symposium of Photopolymer Science 202
3D-printed self-healing hydrogels via Digital Light Processing
Get PDFSelf-healing hydrogels may mimic the behavior of living tissues, which can autonomously repair minor damages, and therefore have a high potential for application in biomedicine. So far, such hydrogels have been processed only via extrusion-based additive manufacturing technology, limited in freedom of design and resolution. Herein, we present 3D-printed hydrogel with self-healing ability, fabricated using only commercially available materials and a commercial Digital Light Processing printer. These hydrogels are based on a semi-interpenetrated polymeric network, enabling self-repair of the printed objects. The autonomous restoration occurs rapidly, at room temperature, and without any external trigger. After rejoining, the samples can withstand deformation and recovered 72% of their initial strength after 12 hours. The proposed approach enables 3D printing of self-healing hydrogels objects with complex architecture, paving the way for future applications in diverse fields, ranging from soft robotics to energy storage
4D Multimaterial Printing of Programmable and Selective Light‐Activated Shape‐Memory Structures with Embedded Gold Nanoparticles
No full text4D printing is based on 3D printing of objects that can change their shape upon a proper triggering. Here, a novel approach is reported for fabricating programmable 3D printed objects composed of shape-memory polymers (SMPs) that are activated by light. The light activation of the movement and shape morphing are based on combining gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) as photothermal converters with acrylate-based printing compositions that form an SMP with tunable transition temperatures. The shape change of the printed objects is triggered by remote irradiation with a low-cost LED light at a wavelength specific to the surface plasmon resonance of the embedded AuNPs. The light is converted to heat which enables the shape transition when the temperature reaches the Tg of the polymer. Excellent SMP properties are achieved with shape fixity and recovery ratios over 95%. This material composition and triggering approach enable fabricating programmable light-activated 3D printed structures with a dual transition while tuning the concentration. Furthermore, numerical simulations performed by finite-element analysis result in the excellent prediction of the shape-memory recovery. The presented approach can be applied in remotely controlling morphing, mainly for applications in the fields of actuators and soft robotics
Development and fabrication of self-healing hydrogels via vat photopolymerization 3D printing technology
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Unlocking enhanced piezoelectric performance through 3D printing of particle-free ceramic piezoelectric complex structures and metamaterials
Get PDFPiezoelectric materials have found widespread use in miniaturized sensors and actuators due to their ability of mutual conversion of mechanical and electric energy. However, current fabrication techniques for these materials are limited to either bulky structures or thin films, restricting the potential that could arise from developing devices with more intricate geometries. Here, we have developed particle-free piezoelectric ink and successfully employed in 3D printing complex barium titanate (BTO) devices using Digital Light Processing technology. The sol–gel process overcomes the viscosity and light scattering issues associated with the slurry traditionally used in 3D printing of piezoelectric ceramic materials. Printed BTO exhibits a remarkable piezoelectric coefficient of 50 pm/V and is utilized to create 3D micrometric structures for applications as both active devices, such as actuators, and passive devices, including displacement sensors and energy harvesters. Furthermore, the flexibility in device fabrication enabled us to 3D print metamaterial piezoelectric structures, designed to concentrate mechanical stress, thereby enhancing the electrical response compared to conventional bulk structures. This research not only advances the field by overcoming fabrication challenges but also opens avenues for creating innovative devices. The design freedom afforded by additive manufacturing technology further underscores the potential for groundbreaking developments in this domain
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