837 research outputs found
Social and Nonsocial Autism Symptom Domains in Children and Adolescents with Autism Spectrum Disorder and Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder: Insights into Their Symptomatological Interplay
No full textIntroduction: Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) share overlapping symptomatology, particularly with regard to social impairments (including peer relationship difficulties), and they frequently co-occur. However, the nature of their co-occurrence remains unclear. Therefore, the current study aimed to examine the nature of the transdiagnostic link between ASD and ADHD from a symptomatological point of view measured with the Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule (ADOS Module 3) and the Autism Diagnostic Interview-Revised (ADI-R). Methods: We analyzed the social and nonsocial ASD symptom domain scores from both diagnostic instruments in 4 clinically referred groups (i.e., ASD, ADHD, ASD + ADHD, and no psychiatric diagnosis) without other co-occurring mental disorders using a two-by-two full-factorial MANOVA design with the factors ASD (yes/no) and ADHD (yes/no). Results: We found no ASD by ADHD interaction effects across all symptom domain scores of ADOS and ADI-R, except for ADOS imagination/creativity. There were only main effects of the factor ASD but no main effects of ADHD. Follow-up contrasts showed that exclusively, ASD had an impact on the measured symptomatology in case of co-occurring ASD + ADHD. Conclusion: Overall, the results support an additive model of the symptomatology across areas of communication, social interaction, and stereotyped behaviors and restricted interests in case of the co-occurrence of ASD and ADHD when assessed with ADOS/ADI-R. Thus, one can assume that the phenotypic overlap of ASD + ADHD may be less complicated than suspected – at least with regard to ASD symptomatology – and that in the presence of ADHD, ASD symptomatology is generally well measurable with best-practice diagnostic instruments.Introduction: Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) share overlapping symptomatology, particularly with regard to social impairments (including peer relationship difficulties), and they frequently co-occur. However, the nature of their co-occurrence remains unclear. Therefore, the current study aimed to examine the nature of the transdiagnostic link between ASD and ADHD from a symptomatological point of view measured with the Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule (ADOS Module 3) and the Autism Diagnostic Interview-Revised (ADI-R). Methods: We analyzed the social and nonsocial ASD symptom domain scores from both diagnostic instruments in 4 clinically referred groups (i.e., ASD, ADHD, ASD + ADHD, and no psychiatric diagnosis) without other co-occurring mental disorders using a two-by-two full-factorial MANOVA design with the factors ASD (yes/no) and ADHD (yes/no). Results: We found no ASD by ADHD interaction effects across all symptom domain scores of ADOS and ADI-R, except for ADOS imagination/creativity. There were only main effects of the factor ASD but no main effects of ADHD. Follow-up contrasts showed that exclusively, ASD had an impact on the measured symptomatology in case of co-occurring ASD + ADHD. Conclusion: Overall, the results support an additive model of the symptomatology across areas of communication, social interaction, and stereotyped behaviors and restricted interests in case of the co-occurrence of ASD and ADHD when assessed with ADOS/ADI-R. Thus, one can assume that the phenotypic overlap of ASD + ADHD may be less complicated than suspected – at least with regard to ASD symptomatology – and that in the presence of ADHD, ASD symptomatology is generally well measurable with best-practice diagnostic instruments
International year of older persons: Mentoring research project
No full textA report, by Judith MacCallum and Susan Beltman, Murdoch University, that identifies models of good practice of mentoring in school settings. The report looks at issues associated with the implementation of mentoring programs in school settings and key recommendations for consideration by Australian schools and education systems
A data driven machine learning approach to differentiate between autism spectrum disorder and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder based on the best-practice diagnostic instruments for autism
No full textAutism spectrum disorder (ASD) and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) are two frequently co-occurring neurodevelopmental conditions that share certain symptomatology, including social difficulties. This presents practitioners with challenging (differential) diagnostic considerations, particularly in clinically more complex cases with co-occurring ASD and ADHD. Therefore, the primary aim of the current study was to apply a data-driven machine learning approach (support vector machine) to determine whether and which items from the best-practice clinical instruments for diagnosing ASD (ADOS, ADI-R) would best differentiate between four groups of individuals referred to specialized ASD clinics (i.e., ASD, ADHD, ASD + ADHD, ND = no diagnosis). We found that a subset of five features from both ADOS (clinical observation) and ADI-R (parental interview) reliably differentiated between ASD groups (ASD & ASD + ADHD) and non-ASD groups (ADHD & ND), and these features corresponded to the social-communication but also restrictive and repetitive behavior domains. In conclusion, the results of the current study support the idea that detecting ASD in individuals with suspected signs of the diagnosis, including those with co-occurring ADHD, is possible with considerably fewer items relative to the original ADOS/2 and ADI-R algorithms (i.e., 92% item reduction) while preserving relatively high diagnostic accuracy. Clinical implications and study limitations are discussed
Author Correction: A prospective observational study of post-COVID-19 chronic fatigue syndrome following the first pandemic wave in Germany and biomarkers associated with symptom severity (Nature Communications, (2022), 13, 1, (5104), 10.1038/s41467-022-3
No full textIn the author list of this article, the names of the authorswere incorrectly listed with initials and family name only. The incorrect author list read as “C. Kedor, H. Freitag, L. Meyer-Arndt, K. Wittke, L. G. Hanitsch, T. Zoller, F. Steinbeis, M. Haffke, G. Rudolf, B. Heidecker, T. Bobbert, J. Spranger, H. D. Volk, C. Skurk, F. Konietschke, F. Paul, U. Behrends, J. Bellmann-Strobl and C. Scheibenbogen”. The author list has now been amended to include the given and family names in the HTML and PDF versions of the article. The corrected author list reads as “Claudia Kedor, Helma Freitag, Lil Meyer-Arndt, Kirsten Wittke, Leif G. Hanitsch, Thomas Zoller, Fridolin Steinbeis, Milan Haffke, Gordon Rudolf, Bettina Heidecker, Thomas Bobbert, Joachim Spranger, Hans- Dieter Volk, Carsten Skurk, Frank Konietschke, Friedemann Paul, Uta Behrends, Judith Bellmann-Strobl and Carmen Scheibenbogen”
Genome sequence of Rhodobacter sphaeroides strain WS8N
No full textCopyright © 2011, American Society for MicrobiologyRhodobacter sphaeroides is a metabolically diverse photosynthetic alphaproteobacterium found ubiquitously in soil and freshwater habitats. Here we present the annotated genome sequence of R. sphaeroides WS8N.This research was funded by the UK Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council
Eyewitness Testimony and the Characters in the Fourth Gospel
No full text'No character in a book is a real person. Not even if he is in a history book and his name is Ulysses S. Grant' or she is in a history book and her name is Margaret Thatcher. It is, however, clear that some characters are pure fiction, some are quite accurate representations of reality and others still are somewhere in between. This essay examines the contributions made by theories of character and characterization and the work of psychologists on eyewitness testimony and human memory to our understanding of where along this continuum the characters in the Gospel according to John might fall. It is clear that the author of the Fourth Gospel is a much more gifted storyteller than are the authors of the Synoptics. In its pages, characters come alive. We are not just told that the man born blind had an encounter with the Jewish authorities. We learn that he had a mischievous sense of humour that caused him to ask them 'Why do you want to hear it again? Do you also want to become his disciples?' (9.27). Martha tells Jesus not just that her brother has been dead for four days, but 'already there is a stench' (11.39). The Fourth Gospel contains the claim (in 21.24 and slightly more obliquely in 19.35) that its author is the disciple Jesus loved, an eyewitness to the events it sets out, and that his testimony is true. If we accept this at face value, what does it mean? A recent article by James Charlesworth demonstrates that there is a returning confidence among scholars that the Fourth Gospel contains historically accurate material as well as theological reflections about Jesus.4 Richard Bauckham says that the eyewitnesses to Jesus life and ministry 'remained the living and active guarantors of the traditions' in whose name they were transmitted, and that '[t]estimony offers us ... a theological model for understanding the Gospels as the entirely appropriate means of access to the historical reality of Jesus'. This essay looks at what level of historical reality of Jesus we might access through the Fourth Gospel. In doing so, it will examine the depth of characterization and purpose of the characters in the Gospel; first-century understandings of historical method and how the Fourth Gospel fits with them; eyewitness testimony as an accurate tool for understanding events; and the possible role of eyewitnesses in early Christian communities
Getaways piece on a week spent by the author and a friend in an apartment in t
No full textGetaways piece on a week spent by the author and a friend in an apartment in the keeper\u27s home at the Pemaquid Point Lighthouse, south of Damarascotta. The town of Bristol owns the government-issue unit, which rents for 700 per month from mid-October to mid-May
Structural studies of CRISPR-associated proteins
No full textClustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPRs) act to prevent viral infection and horizontal gene transfer in prokaryotes. The genomic CRISPR array contains short sequences (“spacers”) that are derived from foreign genetic elements. The CRISPR array is transcribed and processed into CRISPR RNAs (crRNAs) used in the sequence-specific degradation of foreign nucleic acids. This process is called interference and is mediated by CRISPR-associated (Cas) proteins.
This thesis has focused on the structural and functional characterisation of four Cas proteins from the CRISPR/Cas system of Sulfolobus solfataricus. The crystal structure of Cmr7 (Sso1725), a Sulfolobales-specific subunit of the ssRNA-degrading CMR complex, allowed for the identification of a putative protein-binding site, though no specific function could be ascribed to the protein. Cas6 (Sso1437) is the enzyme responsible for crRNA maturation and the characterisation of this protein allowed for the molecular rationalisation of its atypical RNA cleavage mechanism. Csa5 and Cas8a2 are subunits of the aCascade complex that targets dsDNA. Csa5 (Sso1398) was shown to have a putative role in R-loop stabilisation during interference while the role of Cas8a2 (Sso1401) was not determined. The structures of these two proteins were used to define relationships between the subunits of interference complexes from various CRISPR/Cas systems.
A second aspect of this work has been the expression and purification of eukaryotic ion channels for structural studies. The acid sensing ion channel (ASIC) and FMRFamide-gated sodium channel (FaNaC) are gated ion channels with unknown mechanisms of channel activation. These ion channels must be expressed in eukaryotic systems and so human embryonic kidney (HEK) cells and baculovirus-insect cell expression systems were developed to express ASIC and FaNaC constructs. The expression and purification protocols have been optimised to allow for the preparation of soluble protein that will in future be used for crystallography and electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) studies
Música de tambores y flauta: elementos de identidad en la población yokot’an de Tabasco, México. Antropología. Boletín Oficial del Instituto Nacional de Antropología e Historia: Música tradicional y procesos de globalización. Num. 80 Nueva Época (2007) septiembre
No full textAguilar Velásquez, Jesús del Carmen, El baila viejo, México, Ocasán, 2000 (asesoría de Juan Torres Calcáneo).Arzápalo, Ramón (ed.), Diccionario calepino de motul, t. I, México, UNAM, 1995.Barrera Vázquez, Alfredo (dir.), Diccionario maya, México, Porrúa, 2000.Contreras Arias, Juan Guillermo, Atlas cultural de México. Música, México, SEP/INAH/Planeta, 1988.Fash, B., W.L. Fash et al., “Investigations of a classic maya council house at Copan, Honduras”, en Journal of Field Archaeology, 19 (4), 1992, pp. 419-442.Freidel, David, Linda Schele y Joy Parker, Maya cosmos. Three thousand years on the shaman’s path, Nueva York, William Morrow and Co., 1993.Gallegos Gómora, Miriam Judith, Música tradicional yokot’an. Tamborileros de Tabasco (miniguía), México, INAH, 2001.———, Figurillas mayas, Tabasco (miniguía), México, INAH, 2003a.———, “Mujeres y hombres de barro”, en Arqueología Mexicana, México, Raíces/INAH, núm. 61, mayo-junio de 2003b, pp. 48-51.———, “Las iglesias yokot’an: una modalidad del popol nah prehispánico en Tabasco”, en Los Investigadores de la Cultura Maya, Ciudad del Carmen, Universidad Autónoma de Campeche, núm. 11 (II), 2003c, pp. 514-52.Gil y Sáenz,Manuel, Compendio histórico, geográfico y estadístico del estado de Tabasco, Villahermosa, Consejo Editorial del Gobierno del Estado, 1978 [1872].Hammond, Norman, “Classic maya music. Part I. Maya drums”, en Archaeology, núm. 25, 1972, pp. 125-131.———, “Classic maya music Part II. Shakers, wind and string instruments”, en Archaeology, núm. 25, 1972, pp. 132-138.Landa, fray Diego de, Relación de las cosas de Yucatán, México, Porrúa, 1978.Martí, Samuel, Canto, danza y música precortesianas, México, FCE, 1961.———, Instrumentos musicales precortesianos, México, INAH, 1968.
Rivera, R., Roberto, Los instrumentos musicales de los mayas, México, INAH, 1980.Sahagún, fray Bernardino de, Historia general de las cosas de la Nueva España, México, Porrúa (Sepan Cuántos, 300), 1985.Schele, Linda, y Jorge Pérez de Lara, Rostros ocultos de los mayas, México, Impetus Comunicación, 1997.Tozzer, Alfred M., Mayas y lacandones. Un estudio comparativo, México, INI, 1983.Turrent, Lourdes, La conquista musical de México, México, FCE, 1996
- …
