10 research outputs found
Association between milk urea nitrogen and first service conception in smallholder dairy farms under heat and humidity stress
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Peritopic anesthesia: a new alternative in cataract surgery
No full textJosé A Abreu,1 Rodrigo Abreu,2 Luis M Cordovés,1 José J Aguilar11Ophthalmology Department, University Hospital of the Canary Islands, Tenerife, Canary Islands, Spain; 2Ophthalmology Department, University Hospital of La Candelaria, Tenerife, Canary Islands, Spain We read with interest the recently published article "Superior subconjunctival anesthesia versus retrobulbar anesthesia for manual small-incision cataract surgery in a residency training program: a randomized controlled trial" by Pipat Kongsap,1 where the author studied possible differences in the clinical outcomes of superior subconjunctival anesthesia and retrobulbar anesthesia, in a residency training program.View original paper by Kongsap
Separation of Yttrium-90 from Strontium-90 by Extraction Chromatography Using Combined Sr Resin and RE Resin
No full textAbstractYittrium-90 (Y-90) is a radioisotope having half-life 64 hour and emitting strong energy beta radiation at 2.28 MeV. It is one of the radionuclides suitable to the applications in targeted therapy. Y-90 can be generated from radioactive decay of strontium-90 (Sr-90), which is one of the fission products of uranium fuel in the nuclear reactor. Y-90 must be highly pure and free form Sr-90 and other metal ions to get high efficient uses. In this study, process for separation of Y from Sr in 4-7M HNO3 with extraction chromatography technique has been investigated using column of Sr resin, column of RE resin and combined columns of both resins. Most feed solutions used in the study contained Y and Sr at the concentration ratio of Y: Sr around 0.18: 756 to simulate the equilibrium composition ratio of their radionuclides, Y-90 and Sr-90. It was found that a series of 3 columns packed with 0.35g Sr resin each was required to adsorb Sr up to 4mg from 4mL feed in 4M HNO3 and Y was barely adsorbed by Sr resin. A column packed with 0.25g of RE resin could be used to continuously purify Y in effluent from Sr column by selectively adsorb Sr. The adsorbed species could be eluted with dilute nitric acid, 0.05-0.1M. Feed solution spiked with trace of Sr-90/Y-90 was also used to determine the purity of the obtained Y product and it was found that the activity ratio of Sr-90 to Y-90 was in the order of 10-4. This process was found to be simple to operate continuously and the recovery of Y-90 was higher than 80%
Determining relationships between milk urea nitrogen, feeding management, reproduction and environmental indicators in commercial dairy herds
No full textCow-level milk urea nitrogen (MUN) is widely available for monthly milk testing on many dairy farms and therefore it provides an opportunity to be utilized as a predictor for other farm parameters if there was a clear understanding of the relationships between MUN and these parameters. This thesis examined the associations between MUN and reproductive performance, fecal nitrogen (N) and groundwater nitrate-nitrogen contamination in order to determine whether MUN was indicative of reduced reproductive performance or elevated fecal N or groundwater nitrate-N. The perceived and actual utility of MUN as an effective tool for monitoring protein and energy imbalances in dairy cows was also investigated.The first analysis utilized mixed logistic regression models to evaluate the association between first service breeding success (FSBS) and the MUN test value closest to first service, using all herds that were receiving MUN testing on Prince Edward Island (PEI), controlling for clustering effects of cows within the 186 study herds. High MUN concentrations were associated with decreased odds of pregnancy at first service in commercial dairy herds. A change in MUN from 10 to 20 mg/dl was associated with a 14.3% reduction in the odds of first service conception, while controlling for the negative effect of milk production (and other possible confounders) on FSBS. Parity 4 plus cows had significantly worse breeding success than parity 1, 2 and 3 cows. The odds of conception increased as days in milk (DIM) at service date increased.A second analysis on the association between MUN and reproductive performance was conducted, with similar methodology but using 83 of the 186 herds. These 83 herds were part of an intensive analysis of the relationship between MUN and nutritional data, in order to allow us to control for nutritional factors as well. This second analysis also showed that increasing MUN levels were negatively associated with fertility of dairy cows, as measured by FSBS. In this analysis, MUN levels were categorized into 2 groups (high and low groups) based on an obvious cut point in the data. The high group, which had MUN concentrations above 15.5 mg/dl, had a detrimental effect on FSBS (OR = 0.63), even after controlling for herd effects and other significant risk factors, including nutritional factors. (Abstract shortened by UMI.).Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 65-09, Section: B, page: 4453.Advisers: John VanLeeuwen; Ian Dohoo
Milk urea nitrogen: Quality control of testing, individual cow factors, and correlations with bulk tank testing
No full textMilk urea nitrogen (MUN) has been used to assess the nutritional status of dairy cows. However, in any program using MUN values to monitor nutrition in a dairy herd, other factors need to be evaluated and considered. These factors include the reliability of method of determination of MUN, the role of a variety of cow level factors and seasonal variation.The first objective of this study was to evaluate the repeatability, precision and accuracy of the testing technology for measurement of milk urea nitrogen levels.The second objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of cow factors on MUN. The dataset consisted of 68,158 observations for 10,688 lactating Holstein cows in 177 herds that participated in the Atlantic Dairy Livestock Improvement Corporation (ADLIC) production recording service.The third objective of this study was to determine seasonal variation in bulk tank milk urea nitrogen (BTMUN) concentration in PEI dairy herds, and to evaluate the relationship between BTMUN and the weighted herd average of individual cow MUN levels (WHMUN). (Abstract shortened by UMI.).Source: Masters Abstracts International, Volume: 40-03, page: 0657.Advisers: John VanLeeuwen; Ian Dohoo
The Mediating Role of Operational and Environmental Performance in the Relationship between Green Supply Chain Management and Financial Performance
No full textThe study is carried out with an objective to explore the impact of green supply chain management on different performance measures such as environmental performance, operational performance and financial performance. In addition to that, the mediating role of operational performance and the environmental performance in the relationship between green supply chain management and the financial performance is also examined. The study has broached a new perspective, that is external and internal GSCM practices are essential in the SC strategies, as these practices facilitate firms in enhancing market share and profits only when jointly implemented, by improving ecological efficiency and minimizing environmental risks. Therefore, the objective of this paper is to examine the interrelationships between GSCM approaches, performance, and environmental drivers. SEM-PLS is used to achieve the research objective of the current study. The study which is on Indonesian is in author knowledge is among few pioneering studies exploring the interaction of green supply chain management as determinant of firm performance measures. This study will be helpful for policymakers and researchers in examining the link between supply chain management on different performance measures such as environmental performance, operational performance and financial performance for Indonesian settings
Comparative genomics reveals insight into the phylogeny and habitat adaptation of novel Amycolatopsis species, an endophytic actinomycete associated with scab lesions on potato tubers
No full textA novel endophytic actinomycete, strain MEP2-6T, was isolated from scab tissues of potato tubers collected from Mae Fag Mai Sub-district, San Sai District, Chiang Mai Province, Thailand. Strain MEP2-6T is a gram-positive filamentous bacteria characterized by meso-diaminopimelic acid in cell wall peptidoglycan and arabinose, galactose, glucose, and ribose in whole-cell hydrolysates. Diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylethanolamine, and hydroxy-phosphatidylethanolamine were the major phospholipids, of which MK-9(H6) was the predominant menaquinone, whereas iso-C16:0 and iso-C15:0 were the major cellular fatty acids. The genome of the strain was 10,277,369 bp in size with a G + C content of 71.7%. The 16S rRNA gene phylogenetic and core phylogenomic analyses revealed that strain MEP2-6T was closely related to Amycolatopsis lexingtonensis NRRL B-24131T (99.4%), A. pretoriensis DSM 44654T (99.3%), and A. eburnea GLM-1T (98.9%). Notably, strain MEP2-6T displayed 91.7%, 91.8%, and 87% ANIb and 49%, 48.8%, and 35.4% dDDH to A. lexingtonensis DSM 44653T (=NRRL B-24131T), A. eburnea GLM-1T, and A. pretoriensis DSM 44654T, respectively. Based on phenotypic, chemotaxonomic, and genomic data, strain MEP2-6T could be officially assigned to a novel species within the genus Amycolatopsis, for which the name Amycolatopsis solani sp. nov. has been proposed. The type of strain is MEP2-6T (=JCM 36309T = TBRC 17632T = NBRC 116395T). Amycolatopsis solani MEP2-6T was strongly proven to be a non-phytopathogen of potato scab disease because stunting of seedlings and necrotic lesions on potato tuber slices were not observed, and there were no core biosynthetic genes associated with the BGCs of phytotoxin-inducing scab lesions. Furthermore, comparative genomics can provide a better understanding of the genetic mechanisms that enable A. solani MEP2-6T to adapt to the plant endosphere. Importantly, the strain smBGCs accommodated 33 smBGCs encoded for several bioactive compounds, which could be beneficially applied in the fields of agriculture and medicine. Consequently, strain MEP2-6T is a promising candidate as a novel biocontrol agent and antibiotic producer
Cavalcade Legume (Centrosema pascuorum) Used as Soil Amendment in RD41 Rice Fields: Short-term Effects on the Soil Nematode Community, Soil Properties, and Yield Components
No full textNumerous phytoparasitic nematodes have been identified in Thailand’s paddy fields, which routinely cause substantial reductions in rice crop yields. However, effective strategies for their management have yet to be documented. In this study, cavalcade legume was used as a soil amendment in RD41 rice fields to examine its effects on the soil nematode community, soil properties, and yield components compared to untreated control plots. The results demonstrated that the population densities of plant-parasitic nematodes (PPNs) in the order Tylenchida, primarily Hirschmanniella sp., significantly decreased in cavalcade-treated plots across all soil sampling periods. Moreover, there was an increase in the populations of beneficial nematodes within the orders Dorylaimida and Araeolaimida. In contrast, greater PPN populations were observed in the control plots compared to the initial nematode population. In addition to reducing PPN populations, this legume showed other benefits, specifically increased soil properties (available P) and rice plant growth (plant height and number of tillers). While there was no statistically significant difference in soil organic matter (SOM) content, the application of this legume tended to increase SOM content, in contrast to a decrease in SOM content observed in the control plots. Overall, this study provides valuable insights into the substantial advantages of using cavalcade legumes in RD41 rice fields
A systematic review of hepatitis C virus epidemiology in Asia, Australia and Egypt
No full textBackground: The hepatitis C pandemic has been systematically studied and characterized in North America and Europe, but this important public health problem has not received equivalent attention in other regions. Aim: The objective of this systematic review was to characterize hepatitis C virus (HCV) epidemiology in selected countries of Asia, Australia and Egypt, i.e. in a geographical area inhabited by over 40percent of the global population. Methodology: Data references were identified through indexed journals and non-indexed sources. In this work, 7770 articles were reviewed and 690 were selected based on their relevance. Results: We estimated that 49.3-64.0 million adults in Asia, Australia and Egypt are anti-HCV positive. China alone has more HCV infections than all of Europe or the Americas. While most countries had prevalence rates from 1 to 2percent we documented several with relatively high prevalence rates, including Egypt (15percent), Pakistan (4.7percent) and Taiwan (4.4percent). Nosocomial infection, blood transfusion (before screening) and injection drug use were identified as common risk factors in the region. Genotype 1 was common in Australia, China, Taiwan and other countries in North Asia, while genotype 6 was found in Vietnam and other Southeast Asian countries. In India and Pakistan genotype 3 was predominant, while genotype 4 was found in Middle Eastern countries such as Egypt, Saudi Arabia and Syria. 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