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    Differences in phosphofructokinase regulation in normal and tumor rat thyroid cells.

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    The kinetic and molecular properties of a phosphofructokinase derived from a transplantable rat thyroid tumor lacking regulatory control on the glycolytic pathway were studied. The properties of the near-purified enzyme (specific activity 140 units/mg) were compared with those of phosphofructokinase from normal rat thyroid (specific activity 134 units/mg). The electrophoretic mobilities and gel elution behavior of these two enzymes were almost similar. The thyroid tumor phosphofructokinase showed, however, a greater degree of size and/or shape heterogeneity in the presence of ATP than the normal thyroid enzyme, as determined by gel filtration and sucrose density gradient centrifugation. Kinetic studies below pH 7.4 showed a sigmoid response curve for both enzymes when the velocity was determined at 1 mM ATP with varying levels of fructose-6-P. The interaction coefficient, however, was 4.2 and 2.6 for normal and tumor thyroid phosphofructokinase, respectively. Ammonium sulfate decreased the cooperative interactions with the substrate fructose-6-P in both enzymes. The thyroid tumor enzyme, however, was less sensitive to the inhibition by ATP and by citrate. The reversal of citrate inhibition by cyclic 3':5'-adenosine monophosphate was also less effective with the thyroid tumor phosphofructokinase, while the protective effect of fructose-6-P was stronger. The difference in citrate inhibition between tumor and normal thyroid enzyme was not strongly affected by varying the MgCl2 concentration up to 10 mM. It is concluded that the complex allosteric regulation typical of the normal thyroid phosphofructokinase is still present in the enzyme isolated from the thyroid tumor tissue. The latter, however, is more loosely controlled by its physiological effectors, such as ATP, citrate, and cyclic AMP

    [Subcellular distribution of the protein kinase activity in the normal and neoplastic thyroid tissue of the rat].

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    Thyroid tissue has been fractionnated by centrifugation (105 000 q) of its homogenate. Protein-kinase activity in presence of histone is distributed in nuclei (11.5%) mitochondira (22.8%), microsomes (9.8%) and soluble fraction (56%); it is activated by cyclic AMP and GMP, mostly in soluble and nuclear fractions. Protein-kinase activity of total homogenate of neoplasic thyroid (strain 1-5G Wollman) in presence of histone is 3 times higher than in normal tissue and more activated by cAMP. In absence of histone, protein-kinase activity is the more important in mitochondrial and microsomal fractions of normal thyroid and in soluble and nuclear fraction of neoplastic tissue
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