6,840 research outputs found
Developmental models of childhood apraxia of speech
Full text linkChildhood apraxia of speech (CAS) is a highly controversial clinical entity with respect to both clinical signs and underlying neuro-motor deficit. This chapter analyzes the origin of these controversies and offers an alternative clinical approach and direction for research based on a review of the literature and studies conducted in our own laboratory. The review shows evidence for a deficit at each of the psycholinguistic and neuro-motor stages from lexical retrieval to motor execution as the primary, proximal origin of CAS. This lack of convergence together with the reported associations rather than dissociations between psycholinguistic and neuro-motor functions during development forms a serious challenge for the modular view on the cognitive architecture of the infant speech production system. An alternative view on clinical classification, the issue of co-morbidity, and research in speech pathology are discussed based on longitudinal analyses of developmental trajectories. By way of example, a computational modelling study is presented in which characteristics of CAS are simulated by manipulating parameters of the DIVA (Directions Into Velocities of Articulators) model.</p
Toward a Model of Pediatric Speech Sound Disorders (SSD) for Differential Diagnosis and Therapy Planning
No full textThe classification and differentiation of pediatric speech sound disorders (SSD) is one of the main questions in the field of speech- and language pathology. Terms for classifying childhood and SSD and motor speech disorders (MSD) refer to speech production processes, and a variety of methods of intervention has been developed aimed at different parts of the speech production process. However, in clinical practice diagnosis is primarily based on behavioral speech symptoms rather than the underlying deficits. The diagnostic dilemma is that the ability to investigate the characteristics of subtypes of SSD requires ‘pure’ cases selected on the basis of unambiguous/clear-cut criteria, which are only available as a result of research. In this chapter we propose a process-oriented approach to diagnosis and treatment planning of pediatric SSD based on three pillars of research that will allow us to break through the circularity and bring the field a substantial step forward in the next decade. The core of this approach is a focus on underlying deficits rather than classification based on symptoms. We argue that to identify underlying deficits, one must start with a model of the cognitive and neuromotor operations involved from which specific hypotheses of speech symptoms are derived. This research methodology is implemented in the form of clinical instruments that allow for direct demonstration of the underlying deficit(s). A process-oriented diagnostic test battery as suggested here holds important advantages for the diagnosis and treatment of pediatric speech disorders and will foster the development of more targeted interventions and outcome measures. The approach is illustrated by comparing childhood apraxia of speech (CAS)m with other pediatric SSD.<br/
Integrating two theoretical perspectives on organisational adaptation
No full textThe aim of this chapter is to outline the theoretical framework applied in an international comparative research project on the relationship between governmental policies and organisational adaptation in higher education (referred to as HEINE-project), and to position the overall research question of the project in a more general theoretical landscape
Weisheit von Sirach
No full text"Ben Sira, wisdom of (also called Ecclesiasticus), a work of the Apocrypha, which, though usually known by this name, may have been called by its author, "The Words of Simeon b. Jeshua," the title found on the Hebrew fragments" (Encyc. Judaica, CD-Rom Ed., 1997)Erscheinungsjahr nach Vorlage: 279 [i.e. 1519]Ben Sira folgen noch eine Reihe anderer Abhandlungen cf. Steinschneider p. 203 No. 1363. Die wichtigsten NZ!Siehe auch Karl Heinz Burmeister, Sebastian Münster, in: Basler Beiträge zur Geschichtswissenschaft, Bd. 91, 1963, S. 8
Toward a Model of Pediatric Speech Sound Disorders (SSD) for Differential Diagnosis and Therapy Planning
No full textThe classification and differentiation of pediatric speech sound disorders (SSD) is one of the main questions in the field of speech- and language pathology. Terms for classifying childhood and SSD and motor speech disorders (MSD) refer to speech production processes, and a variety of methods of intervention has been developed aimed at different parts of the speech production process. However, in clinical practice diagnosis is primarily based on behavioral speech symptoms rather than the underlying deficits. The diagnostic dilemma is that the ability to investigate the characteristics of subtypes of SSD requires ‘pure’ cases selected on the basis of unambiguous/clear-cut criteria, which are only available as a result of research. In this chapter we propose a process-oriented approach to diagnosis and treatment planning of pediatric SSD based on three pillars of research that will allow us to break through the circularity and bring the field a substantial step forward in the next decade. The core of this approach is a focus on underlying deficits rather than classification based on symptoms. We argue that to identify underlying deficits, one must start with a model of the cognitive and neuromotor operations involved from which specific hypotheses of speech symptoms are derived. This research methodology is implemented in the form of clinical instruments that allow for direct demonstration of the underlying deficit(s). A process-oriented diagnostic test battery as suggested here holds important advantages for the diagnosis and treatment of pediatric speech disorders and will foster the development of more targeted interventions and outcome measures. The approach is illustrated by comparing childhood apraxia of speech (CAS)m with other pediatric SSD.<br/
Dynamic assessment of the effectiveness of digital game-based literacy training in beginning readers:a cluster randomised controlled trial
Full text linkIn this article, we report on a study evaluating the effectiveness of a digital game-based learning (DGBL) tool for beginning readers of Dutch, employing active (math game) and passive (no game) control conditions. This classroom-level randomized controlled trial included 247 first graders from 16 classrooms in the Netherlands and the Dutch-speaking part of Belgium. The intervention consisted of 10 to 15 min of daily playing during school time for a period of up to 7 weeks. Our outcome measures included reading fluency, phonological skills, as well as purpose built in-game proficiency levels to measure written lexical decision and letter speech sound association. After an average of 28 playing sessions, the literacy game improved letter knowledge at a scale generalizable for all children in the classroom compared to the two control conditions. In addition to a small classroom wide benefit in terms of reading fluency, we furthermore discovered that children who scored high on phonological awareness prior to training were more fluent readers after extensive exposure to the reading game. This study is among the first to exploit game generated data for the evaluation of DGBL for literacy interventions
Autoworker and acclaimed author Ben Hamper speaks at the Michigan Writers Series
No full textIn an appearance at the Michigan State University Main Library, autoworker and acclaimed author Ben Hamper talks about his career at the General Motors Truck and Bus Plant in Flint, Michigan and reads from various works, including his forward to the book "Working words: punching the clock and kicking out the jams" by M. L. Liebler and from his most famous work, "Rivethead", a cynical and humorous view of life in an auto plant. A question and answer session follows. Hamper is introduced by Michigan State University Professor John P. Beck for the Michigan State University Libraries' Michigan Writers Series
Martin Loughlin, Public Law and Political Theory
No full textIn this chapter, Ben Yong discusses Martin Loughlin’s Public Law and Political Theory. Drawing in part on conversation with the author, Yong explores the significance of a book that, despite interrogating the nature of public law as a discipline in a novel and methodologically important way, is often poorly understood
Idan Ben-Barak: Cook Prize 2024, Silver Medal Acceptance Speech.
No full textAuthor Idan Ben-Barak gives an acceptance speech for We Go Way Back (Roaring Brook Press)https://educate.bankstreet.edu/cook/1010/thumbnail.jp
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