1,291 research outputs found
Economia - XVII edizione
No full textTraduzione italiana di Maria Teresa Musacchio (Capp. 1-3/20-34) e Carla Zanoni (Capp. 4-19
Prologo
No full textIl prologo presenta i vari contributi del volume e li esamina secondo la specificità del genere discorsivo che prendono in esame. Il fatto che vengano studiati attentamente la trama e l’ordito del testo, in termini qualitativi e/o quantitativi, permette di capire le strategie del traduttore, il quale combina competenze di linguistica contrastiva e di traduttologia applicata
Prologo
No full textIl prologo presenta i vari contributi del volume e li esamina secondo la specificità del genere discorsivo che prendono in esame. Il fatto che vengano studiati attentamente la trama e l’ordito del testo, in termini qualitativi e/o quantitativi, permette di capire le strategie del traduttore, il quale combina competenze di linguistica contrastiva e di traduttologia applicata
Disparità di registro e diversità culturali nel nuovo Hazon Garzanti
No full textA review of a popular English-Italian/Italian-English dictionary which has been published since 1958. Criteria of lexicological/lexicographical analysis are used to assess the quality of the dictionary with special reference to markers of register and culture-bound terms and expressions
When are science and technology (in)accessible? A diachronic study of the popularisation of new terms in physics and information technology
No full textIn terminology, two types of term formation are usually mentioned. Primary term formation is the coinage of new terms on the basis of the resources and prevailing trends in a given language. Secondary term formation consists in finding an equivalent for a concept already named in another language - usually English as the international lingua franca of science and technology. Finally, another form of term formation is term variation, a process whereby terms are formed on the basis of variation of existing terms (Humbley 2005). Though terminology has often been studied in a synchronic perspective and has therefore focused on primary term formation and on the issue of motivation from the point of view of the decoder of the message, a number of scholars – Cabré, Temmerman, Humbley and Kageura among others – have shown that research in term formation greatly benefits from a diachronic perspective. The main advantages are the possibility to account for processes of term consolidation and term change, in particular in languages other than English, where new terminology is often the result of secondary term formation processes or of term variation, and specifically in domains like information technology, characterised by a fast and marked evolution of concepts and designations over time and by a high degree of indeterminacy in primary term formation (Schmitz 2007). Investigation of term formation in a diachronic perspective has been enhanced by corpus-based and corpus-driven terminography which enables investigators to compile diachronic corpora for the study of terms from their first appearance to consolidation, possible variation and disappearance. Even within a diachronic perspective, however, a number of issues remain open-ended. First and foremost, given the English origin of many terms, to what extent are coiners of new terms in a target language aware of problems of accessibility to field-specific knowledge for non-experts? Second, how is term variation accounted for in popularised accounts of science and technology? In other words, if the public understanding and communication of scientific and technological innovation are relevant enterprises to secure support and funds for research, or to contribute to the commercial success of a software product, are there strategies in place that ensure a smooth flow of information? In this paper we first analyse a diachronic corpus of popular science articles on particle physics in English and Italian to study development of term formation processes and to investigate what strategies are used to introduce new terminology while at the same time ensuring that it is understandable to the target readers. Ahmad and Musacchio (2003) found that, as nuclear physics increasingly became an international rather than a national enterprise, patterns of term formation in Italian changed and typically Italian morphological processes partly modified to accommodate a growing number of terms from English in the form of adapted loan words or loan translations. However, the corpus used to research Fermi’s language consisted of journal articles and different types of texts for students of physics at university level, so it could not provide data on popular science physics and how it tackles problems of accessibility or inaccessibility of new terminology such as the English loan term spin. Second, we compare processes of term formation and strategies for popularisation in particle physics with data from a corpus of information technology (IT) in order to detect similarities and differences in patterns of term formation, terminologisation and determinologisation with reference to information technology. In IT, nowadays one of more alternative terms produced directly in the market and available to experts / power users and the general public at the same time (popularisation by early adopters and influencers), often before they are standardised by commercial enterprises, that are left with limited term creation options, and might have to adopt what has been popularised by the market even if not the best choice. Until recently, enterprises involved subject matter experts only in term formation, then SMEs and selected end users, while nowadays crowdsourcing. Differences between “official” terminology and “power user” jargon, as reported by Adamo in 1996, have been largely reduced, thanks to much higher computer literacy. In IT terminology the evolution of concepts and designations over time is probably faster and more marked than in other domains, due not only to rapid technological developments but also to a higher degree of indeterminacy in primary term formation, partly caused by inadequate terminology awareness by developers (Schmitz 2007). As Sager (1997) put it, “The coexistence of several methods of secondary term formation in the target language which may be used simultaneously or sequentially, provides the occasion for several alternative or competing new terms”, a complexity that has become more marked in times of easier and faster access to new concepts and higher computer literacy. Understanding the patterns of secondary term formation and term variation in a diachronic perspective is therefore a crucial factor in the language of particle physics and in the standardization of IT terminology that is both acceptable to experts and accessible to non-experts, and that contributes to communication and understanding of particle physics and to the commercial success of a product without requiring any subsequent expensive term changes.
References
ADAMO, G. (1996), “La terminologia tecnico-scientifica in lingua italiana: alcune osservazioni sulla terminologia dell’informatica”, Réflexions Séminaire Realiter, Nice, 1er et 2 juillet 1996, "Réflexions méthodologiques sur le travail en terminologie et en terminotique dans les langues latines", Nice http://www.realiter.net/spip.php?article665
AHMAD K., MUSACCHIO M.T. (2003) “Enrico Fermi and the making of the language of nuclear physics”, Fachsprache, vol. 3-4, pp. 120-140.
CABRÉ M.T. (1999) Terminology. Theory, Methods, and Applications, Amsterdam, Benjamins.
HUMBLEY J. (2005) “Accounting for term formation”, Terminology Science and Research. Journal of the International Institute for Terminology Research IITF, Vol. 16,
http://lipas.uwasa.fi/svenska/iitf/tsr2005/vol20/vol20_humbley.php.
SAGER, J.C. (1990) A Practical Course in Terminology Processing, Amsterdam, Benjamins.
SAGER, J.C. (1997) “Term Formation”, Handbook of Terminology Management (Volume I), S. E. Wright and G. Budin (eds), Amsterdam, Benjamins.
SCHMITZ, K.-D. (2007), “Indeterminacy of terms and icons in software localization”, Indeterminacy in Terminology and LSP: Studies in Honour of Heribert Picht, H. Picht, B. E. Antia, Amsterdam, Benjamins.
TEMMERMAN R. (2000) Towards New Ways of Terminology Description, Amsterdam, Benjamins
Stylistic norms in published Italian translations
No full textThe author analyses a corpus of published translations of macroeconomics texts – magazine/newspaper articles, university textbooks and popular economics texts – comparing them with original Italian texts in the same domain to show that norms in publishing derive from negotiations based on quality requirements, translation tradition and genre conventions, especially among editors and readers at the publishers. The article shows how English genre conventions are making their way into Italian publishing
Preface [Migrating across times and cultures. Metaphorical images of migration in the U.S. and Italian newspaper discourse between the 20th and 21st centuries]
No full textThe author discusses theories of metaphor in discourse, reviews significant contributions to the study of the linguistic representation of migrants in the media and describes procedures of metaphor identification and categorization. The overall aim of the investigation is to capture through metaphor snapshots of US and Italian society and politics at two different points in time with a view to detecting similarities and differences. Though the study finds that emerging pictures show more similarities than the different histories of the countries might lead to predict, Italy as a country with communities left by migrants as opposed to the US as a country receiving migrants in the 1900s does produce different, positive metaphors. This investigation also confirms that metaphorical mapping is deeply rooted in everyday life and experience
Mediating across languages and cultures: economics and finance as popular science in translation
No full textThis paper identifies the features of popular science economics and finance as forms of recontextualisation and reconceptualisation by comparing and contrasting the English language of popularisation with that of official sources of economic and financial information. The strategies for the translation of newspapers and magazine articles into Italian are then investigted to establish to what extent they mediate content across language and culture. The distinctive features of popular economics and finance discourse as opposed to economic reports in English are explored with a view to assessing whether they are also found in Italian when the language of translations of newspaper/magazine articles is compared with that of Italian sources of economic and financial information while bearing in mind cultural differences
La traduzione della lingua dell'economia dall'inglese in italiano
No full textThe book provides a detailed linguistic analysis of the language of economics and finance and an in-depth description of issues and strategies in translating economics and finance in general and with specific reference to the English-Italian language pair. Both linguistic and translation analyses are illustrated with a wide range of examples from real texts
Terminology and Specialized Translation
No full textThis article discusses the relationship between terminology and translation, focusing on systematic terminology management in order to show how carefully planned terminographic work can provide useful tools for translators in the form of glossaries and computerized term banks. It presents TERMit, the multilingual term bank project of the University of Trieste, by way of illustration. Through discussion of problems and examples, the article presents a number of strategies to provide subject-specific knowledge, background information and indications on usage, enabling specialized translators to effect the shift from langue to parole which is essential to their work. (http://lpa.sslmit.unibo.it/tsa/abstract/3057/
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