1,721,229 research outputs found
Foreign aid and asylum immigration. Does development matter?
Get PDFThis paper tests the influence of aid from rich to developing economies on bilateral asylum inflows. Results show that aid effects on asylum applications are significant, but vary with the level of development of the recipient country. Aid to poor economies – especially in Sub-Saharan Africa – deters asylum inflows, while aid to medium-income developing countries attracts asylum seekers. Aid leads to negative spillovers on applications across donors. At the same time, foreign aid has no incidence on voluntary immigration. Overall, the deterring effects of aid on inflows from poor countries are stronger when transfers are coordinated across donors and are made conditional on economic and institutional improvements in the recipient economy
Education ties and investments abroad. Empirical evidence from the US and UK
Get PDFThis paper analyses the impact of university student ties on the FDI of the US and UK into 167 countries during the period 1999-2010. University ties are measured by international students flows and alumni associations worldwide. Studies on transnational social networks suggest that effects should be higher on the FDI directed to the developing economies. The paper’s main findings are that international student flows and alumni associations abroad exert a positive influence on the FDI from the US and UK into the students’ home countries. More specifically, their influence is strong and significant in the group of developing countries. Results, similar for the US and UK, are robust to different regressors and econometric specifications
Out of sight, not out of mind. Education networks and international trade.
Get PDFThis paper investigates the impact of international students on the UK bilateral trade with 167 partner economies during 1999-2009. The base hypothesis is that transnational social networks lower the invisible trade barriers existing between countries. University students typically develop ties of friendship and trust that can last for decades after graduation and may evolve into economic and business ties. I find robust evidence that education networks boost the bilateral trade between the UK and the home countries of graduates and students. At a more disaggregated level, the strongest effects on exports and imports derive from the networks linked to the Middle East and to the new member countries of the European Unio
Soft, hard or smart power? International students and investments abroad.
Get PDFThis paper analyses the impact of education networks on the FDI from the United States and United Kingdom to 167 countries during 1999-2011. Proxies of networks are international students in the US and UK and alumni associations abroad. Results show that international students boost the British FDI to their home countries, while their influence on American FDI is weak, except for students from developing economies and for international students who attended university during the Cold War. Alumni associations have a substantial impact on both American and British FDI, but especially on the latter. The stronger impact of education networks on British FDI is partly related to the different political and economic roles played by the US and UK on the world stage, and to their different use of soft and hard power. Results are robust to different econometric specifications
Foreign Aid and responsiveness of bilateral refugee inflows
Get PDFThis paper tests the effects of Aid from 14 OECD donor economies on bilateral asylum seeker inflows from 113 developing countries during 1993-2013. Results are that Aid affects asylum seeker inflows nonlinearly in the pc income of the origin country, in a ‘U’ shaped fashion, with a turning point at 9,150 pcGDP, PPP2011$. Aid has also cross-donor negative spillovers and regional effects. Overall, deterring effects concern especially Sub Saharan countries. Moreover, Aid does not influence bilateral voluntary migration. Making Aid transfers conditional on improvements in political and economic institutions in recipient countries can strengthen their effects on asylum seeker inflows
Les Cultures dans le Nord de la région du Tchad.
No full textMurat M. Les Cultures dans le Nord de la région du Tchad. In: Revue de botanique appliquée et d'agriculture coloniale, 16ᵉ année, bulletin n°183, novembre 1936. pp. 873-887
Citizenship, math and gender: Exploring immigrant students' choice of majors
Get PDFThis paper investigates whether citizenship of immigrant students in the host country influences their choice of majors, and whether these effects differ by gender. Using detailed students' data from an Italian university, combined with characteristics of the countries of origin, I examine the effects of citizenship on enrolments in educational areas categorized by their mathematical content. Results indicate a decrease in the likelihood of enrolment in math-intensive fields among students who acquire citizenship, particularly among males, leading to a reduction in gender gaps. Moreover, gender gaps are smaller and show a more pronounced decrease with citizenship as gender inequality in countries increases. Results are corroborated by matching and instrumental variables strategies. These findings shed light on the existence of trade-offs between empowerment, as manifested through citizenship, and major choices
Citizenship, math and gender. Exploring immigrant students’ choice of majors
Get PDFThis paper investigates whether citizenship of immigrant students in the host country influences their choice of majors, and whether these effects differ by gender. Using detailed students’ data from an Italian university, combined with characteristics of the countries of origin, I examine the effects of citizenship on enrolments in educational areas categorized by their mathematical content. Results indicate a decrease in the likelihood of enrolment in math-intensive fields among students who acquire citizenship, particularly among males, leading to a reduction in gender gaps. Moreover, gender gaps are smaller and show a more pronounced decrease with citizenship as gender inequality in countries increases. Results are corroborated by matching and instrumental variables strategies. These findings shed light on the existence of trade-offs between empowerment, as manifested through citizenship, and major choices
Do immigrant students succeed? Evidence from Italy and France based on PISA 2006
Get PDFThis paper uses data from PISA 2006 on science, mathematics and reading to analyse
immigrant school gaps – negative difference between immigrants’ and natives’ scores - and the
structural features of educational systems in two adjacent countries, Italy and France, with similar
migration inflows and with similar schooling institutions, based on tracking. Our results show that
tracking and school specific programs matter; in both countries, the school system upholds a
separation between students with different backgrounds and ethnicities. Residential segregation or
discrimination seem also to be at work, especially in France. Given the existing school model, a
teaching support in mathematics and science in France and in reading in Italy would help immigrant
students to converge to natives’ standards
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