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Preliminary Study on The Introduction of Set-Net Fishery to Develop The Sustainable Coastal Fisheries Management in Southeast Asia (Case study in Thailand)
No full textOver exploitation of the coastal fisheries resources in Southeast Asia region is the cause of many problems either conflict among the fishermen or depletion of the coastal environment. In order to find out the way to solve those problems, Set-Net fishing was proposed to be used as a kind of tool for the coastal fisheries management development. Set-Net does not function only to harvest fisheries resources but its construction also provided shelter and substrate for living marine organism to create their communities in the food chain of coastal marine ecosystem. Seven small scale fishermen groups of Mae Rumpheung beach which located on the east coast of the Gulf of Thailand, were selected as the experimental samples and site for case study in Thailand. Over two hundred fishermen have generally earned their lives on this coastal waters with seven types of fishing gears: crab bottom gillnet, crab trap, squid trap, squid jigging, fish trap, handlines and fish gillnet. Some commercial fishing boats from other area are also presently operated anchovy purse seine and anchovy fishing with light on this area. So that they should pay high responsibility on their own coastal resources and environmental conservation under the concept of decentralization policy. One set of set-net "Otoshi-ami" was constructed and installed at 14 meters depth fishing ground of coastal waters, five groups of fishermen were arranged for fishing operation alternately under control of the Set-net Operation Administrative and Management Committee. It could harvest various species of their coastal resources mainly yellowstrip scad, round herring, sardine, indian mackerel, Indo-Pacific mackerel and squid. There are also a lot of fishes and others marine organism gathering and living around and on the set-net construction both pelagic and demersal species. It is shown that the coastal resources communities were developed around the set-net area more than other empty area of this waters. So that, the vicinity area around set net construction is become a good fishing ground for small-scale fishing activities, however it should be managed by the committee or the cooperative in future.Keywords: Set-net, Resource enhancement, Fisheries Economics, Fisheries Infrastructure, Otoshi-ami, Thailand, Coastal fisheries managemen
Proceedings of the Third Technical Seminar on Marine Fishery Resources Survey in the South China Sea, Area III: Western Philippines, 13-15 July 1999
No full textMany schools of small bonito were observed at latitude 18°-19° N, longitude 118°-119° E, school of pompano dolphinfish Corphaena equiselis (Linnaeus, 1758) was also found and sampling during lured by light at night. Surface schooling of yellowfin tuna Thunnus albacares Bonnaterre, 1788) skipjack, Katsuwonus pelamis (Linnaeus, 1758) were found at latitude 14°-15° N and longitude 117°-118° E. Many fish schools were observed through acoustic equipment, Furuno FQ-70 at near shore of Zambales and off shore at latitude 13°-14° N, longitude 117°-118° E, in the deep layer of 100-250 meters depth. Oceanic squid has widely distribution over the area. Fishing activities are target on those resources. Tuna longline fishing operation was observed at latitude 16°-17° N and longitude 116°-117°E about 150 nautical miles away from shore. Payaws were set along the coastal line from northern Luzon until northern of Palawan and from near shore until 30-80 nautical miles away from coastline. Payaw in the central part were aimed for purse seine operation while the northern Payaw aimed to handline fishing. Handline fishing occupied all most near shore area from northern to the south. Squid fishing was observed many near San Fernando
Visual observation on fishes schooling and fishing activities in the South China Sea, Area III: Western Philippines
Get PDFMany schools of small bonito were observed at latitude 18°-19° N, longitude 118°-119° E, school of pompano dolphinfish Corphaena equiselis (Linnaeus, 1758) was also found and sampling during lured by light at night. Surface schooling of yellowfin tuna Thunnus albacares Bonnaterre, 1788) skipjack, Katsuwonus pelamis (Linnaeus, 1758) were found at latitude 14°-15° N and longitude 117°-118° E. Many fish schools were observed through acoustic equipment, Furuno FQ-70 at near shore of Zambales and off shore at latitude 13°-14° N, longitude 117°-118° E, in the deep layer of 100-250 meters depth. Oceanic squid has widely distribution over the area. Fishing activities are target on those resources. Tuna longline fishing operation was observed at latitude 16°-17° N and longitude 116°-117°E about 150 nautical miles away from shore. Payaws were set along the coastal line from northern Luzon until northern of Palawan and from near shore until 30-80 nautical miles away from coastline. Payaw in the central part were aimed for purse seine operation while the northern Payaw aimed to handline fishing. Handline fishing occupied all most near shore area from northern to the south. Squid fishing was observed many near San Fernando
Small-scale Fisheries in the Ko Man Group Area, Eastern Coast of the Gulf of the Thailand: Fishing Gear and Marine Catch at Six Fishing Villages with Special Reference to the Ban Krachae-Kung kraben Fishing Villages
No full textAnalysis of the Thai marine capture fishery showed that the catch of small-scale fisheries accounted for 16.5% of the total catch (SEAFDEC, 1988), but fishermen belonging to small- scale fisheries accounted for 79.8% of the total fishermen engaged in marine capture fishery in Thailand in 1985 (DOF, 1986). Therefore, it is of prime importance to clarify the status of the country's small-scale fishery in order to implement effective management and developmental programmers. Sources of the data used in this paper were first obtained in 1982 and 1984. However, the results in most cases are still valid today and provide a valuable source of basic information on small-scale fisheries on the eastern seaboard of the Gulf of Thailand.
The problems of small-scale fisheries should be differentiated from those of capital-intensive commercial, and largescale fisheries. Also, as management data collection in small-scale fisheries is hindered by the numerous remote landing point s and by the many diversified gears in operation (Saila and Roedel, 1979), it is necessary to conduct research from many points of view to solve the problems. This research is aimed at identifying the status of small-scale fishing gear which was one of the elements to be identified for better management and development of small-scale fisheries.
Guidelines or definitions of so-called small-scale fisheries vary from country to country because of the different conditions of the small-scale fisheries. Therefore, it is necessary to give a clear definition of what constitutes small-scale fisheries in Thailand. We have not attempted a full definition of this term in this paper as the conditions applied to so-called small-scale fisheries have been gradually changing. However, the authors have given a tentative definition for small scale fishing gear in the Ko Man Group area, while recognizing the necessity of a clear definition which they should be able to submit in the near future.
In this paper, the status of both the small-scale and non-small-scale fishing gear which are defined here were based on data for Ko Man Group area collected in 1984. The marine catch of the Ban Krachae-Kung kraben fishing villages is taken from 1982 data, and was analyzed from buying records at that time. The present status of small-scale fishing gear is based on same data can piled from small-scale fishing villages in Ko Man Group area, on the east coast of the Gulf of Thailand in 1989
Proceedings of the Fourth Technical Seminar on Marine Fishery Resources Survey in the South China Sea, Area IV: Vietnamese Waters, 18-20 September 2000
No full textThe survey was designed to be carried out only in the central part of the whole area which was considered as deep sea or oceanic zone. Depth of water is mostly more than 1,000 m deep. The exploration area was covered from latitude 7°-30.0’ N to latitude 16°-00.0’ N and longitude 110°-00.0’ E to longitude 112°-30.1’ E covering around 72,000 square miles. Surface temperature varied from 27.4° C to 30.1° C, shallow thermocline layer is still the characteristic of South China Sea fishing ground. It was detached from 15-50 meters depth then water temperature decreased gradually until at the depth of 130-200 m with water temperature around 15.3° C. Three tuna were caught during the survey of M.V. SEAFDEC and many were caught on local fishing boat by both type of fishing gear tuna longline and drift gill net. They are mostly skipjack tuna Katsuwanus pelamis (Linnaeus, 1758) and yellowfin tuna Thunnus albacares (Bonnaterre, 1788) others catch were dolphinfish Coryphaena hippurus (Linnaeus 1758), wahoo Acanthocybium solandri (Cuvier, 1831), shortfin mako shark Isurus oxyrinchus (Rafinesque, 1809), Bigeye thresher shark Alopias superciliosus (Lowe, 1839), swordfish Xiphias gladius (Linnaeus, 1758), Bigtooth pomfret Brama orcini (Cuvier, 1831) and the most abundance was lancetfish Alepissaurus borealis (Gill, 1874). Tuna resource was found more abundance in the middle part of the survey area than the upper and lower. Their swimming layer was around 50 m to 90 m depth
Observation Report on Tuna Longline Fishing Operations in the Bay of Bengal Onboard R.V. Sumruatpramong 4
No full textOur first observation cruise to study mew design tuna-longline operations was on board the Shinyo-Maru in the Bay of Bengal from Feb. 9-28 1991. In order to continue this study we proposed to the SEAFDEC Council Committee that further studies be carried out on this fishing gear in 1992-1994 The proposal was approved.
During the period 24 February to 25 March 1992 R.V. Sumruatpramong 4 was scheduled to carry out a survey using tuna- long line in the Indian Ocean. As we wanted to accumulate as much information as possible for our studies we took this opportunity to join R.V. Sumruntpramong 4.
R. V. Sumruatpranong 4., is a S18 GT research-vessel belonging to the Oceanic Fisheries Division Department of fisheries, Thailand. Her activities are generally to carry out research project on tuna and offshore fisheries and to search for their fishing grounds. In 46 1992 R. V. Sumruatpramong 4 with 46 ship's staff and researchers carried out a survey and research projects in the Indian Ocean and Andanaan Sea, looking especially at tuna resources.
Tuna-longline fishing gear used on board R. V. Sumruatpramong 4 was different from the Shinyo-Maru fishing gears. There was an experiment using three ply nylon monofilament but mostly the original popular design of tuna- longline which is used throughout the world was used. The tuna resource survey, using long line, was scheduled from 25 February to 15 March 1992 in the Bay of Bengal. (Fig. 1)
To collect more information on tuna- longline fishing operations and the fishing ground conditions, we got approval to be on board R.V. Sumruatpramong 4 from 25 February to 15 March 1992 as observers. We embarked and disembarked the Phuket research vessel at the Phuket Marine Biological Center pier. Leam-Punva
Observation Report on Tuna Purse Seine fishing Operations around Seychelles Waters Onboard Nippon Maru
No full textDuring the period from 8 November 1992 to 7 January 1993 NIPPON-MARU sailed for 61 days around Seychelles waters accept in the southern area. Large schools of tuna were found only in the east Twenty-six drifting FADs (PAYA0) were set, six units in the east fishing ground and twenty units fishing ground. Due to so many purse seiners operating in the east fishing ground, four FADs were lost, only two operations could be conducted and the catch was poor. Six FADs on the west fishing ground were left in the sea for more than one month with no one touching them, they drifted about 200-300 nautical miles to the west of their setting location. Two of them drifted into Somalia and Kenya EEZ waters and fishing could not be conducted. The others four FADs were still in international waters, and fishing operations were carried out several times on each one; catch varied from 15 to 42 tons of skipjack and yellowfin tuna. The other 13 FADs were set only 1-2 weeks before the end of the cruise, five of them were used for fishing, with 4-17 tons of catch. Twelve drifting objects were found, eight on the east fishing ground and four on the west fishing ground. The biggest catch was on a drifting log in the east fishing ground, four fishing operation were conducted on this object and the catches were 95, 5, 103 and 14 tons. The catch was mostly skip jack (Katsuwonus pelamis) and yellowfin tuna (Thunnus albacares). The others were a of little tuna (Enthynnus affinis), dolphin fish (Coryphaena hippurus), rainbow runner (Elegatis bipinnulata ) shark (Caracharynus spp.) horse mackerel(Decapterus sp.) and Leather Jacket (Abalistes sp.). Almost 40 fishing operations were conducted during the cruise, 19 times on FADs, 14 times on drifting objects and seven times on fish schooling. (See Table 1 and Annex IV) Total catch on this cruise was about 670 tons of skipjack and yellowfin tuna, other fishes were thrown away and only shark fins were collected.
VI. Discussion
NIPPON MARU a modern tuna purse seine fishing vessel, fully equipped for fishing, navigation, communication, engine and power supply, and also with accommodation facilities. She is highly efficient for long fishing cruises at sea, up to 61 days and has a maximum capacity fish hold up to 1,150 tons. The design of this vessel is very efficient, providing the most convenient fishing facilities such the wheel control console and fishing instrument's room being close together on the high bridge deck. Block, booms and some winches are on one control console too.
There were 19 officers and crew onboard. They were very active people everyone having their own duty, but while on fishing operations or others activities onboard, they all joined in This system was very good and meant that work could be finished within a short time. The total catch of 670 tons valued at about US$ 402,000 for the two months, is good income for a 1,200 gross tonnage purse seiner in these fishing grounds There were, however many purse seiners operating there (about 70 or more), so the catch may decrease in the future. A not so small amount of other fishes were thrown back into the sea, rainbow runner, little tuna, horse mackerel, dolphin fish, shark and leather Jacket, because there is no market in the Seychelles. We should be able to make better use of this by-catch
Proceedings of the Fourth Technical Seminar on Marine Fishery Resources Survey in the South China Sea, Area IV: Vietnamese Waters, 18-20 September 2000
No full textOceanic cephalopod exploration was conducted by M.V. SEAFDEC in Vietnamese waters during 21 April- 5 June 1999, as part of SEAFDEC’s collaborative research survey on the fisheries resources of the South China Sea Area IV (Vietnamese waters) with focus on tuna, oceanic squid and other highly migratory species. Squid fishing activities were conducted in 10 stations, ranging in the depth from 600-4000 m, using four automatic jigging machines at night. The purpleback flying squid, Sthenoteuthis oualaniensis (Lesson, 1830) was the only species caught throughout the fishing area. Diagnosis and distribution of the species in the study area are reported
Systematics and distribution of oceanic cephalopods in the South China Sea, Area III: Western Philippines
Get PDFFour species of cephalopods were collected in the South China Sea, area III (Western Philippines) during April-May 1998. An oceanic species, Sthenoteuthis oualaniensis (Lesson, 1830) was caught by automatic squid jigging on board M.V SEAFDEC and three additional cephalopod species, Sepioteuthis lessoniana Lesson, 1830, Thysanoteuthis rhombus Troschel, 1857 and Nototodarus hawaiiensis (Berry, 1912) were caught by squid jigging and purse seine of M.V. Maya Maya. S. oualaniensis was the dominant oceanic species in the study area. Descriptions, measurements and distributions of these squids were included
Proceedings of the Third Technical Seminar on Marine Fishery Resources Survey in the South China Sea, Area III: Western Philippines, 13-15 July 1999
No full textFour species of cephalopods were collected in the South China Sea, area III (Western Philippines) during April-May 1998. An oceanic species, Sthenoteuthis oualaniensis (Lesson, 1830) was caught by automatic squid jigging on board M.V SEAFDEC and three additional cephalopod species, Sepioteuthis lessoniana Lesson, 1830, Thysanoteuthis rhombus Troschel, 1857 and Nototodarus hawaiiensis (Berry, 1912) were caught by squid jigging and purse seine of M.V. Maya Maya. S. oualaniensis was the dominant oceanic species in the study area. Descriptions, measurements and distributions of these squids were included
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