1,721,624 research outputs found
Investigation of a Hydraulic Channel for Plastic Particles Sorting via Experimental and Numerical Tools
Full text linkIn recent decades, the versatility of fossil-based polymers has led them to become one of the most used materials for the production of several consumer goods. The destiny of post-consumer plastics is crucial for environmental sustainability. Two are the alternatives to landfilling: (i) energy recovery, i.e., replacement of traditional fuel with plastic litter, and (ii) recycling, i.e., processing of plastic wastes to produce secondary raw materials that may substitute primary raw materials. This work presents the investigation of a device for the hydraulic separation of heterogeneous plastic wastes, which, when properly upscaled, may be efficiently used within recycling plants. This apparatus is suitable for the separation of granules or flakes of plastics with a density higher than 1000 Kg/m3 and may replace existing technologies for mechanical recycling. The purpose of the device is to separate the useful fraction from a mixture of plastics and water introduced inside. The separation procedure efficacy relies on the difference in density, dimension, and shape of the processed plastic particles and on the flow features within the device. Experiments were carried out to test the efficacy of the device as a function of those factors. To increase the range of variation in the key parameters influencing the apparatus’s working principles, Computational Fluid Dynamics was employed to build a numerical model of the device. The validated numerical model suitable to fully characterize the apparatus performance features a hybrid grid with an inner mesh of 3·10−3 m size, a careful modeling of the near-wall region, and the k-ω SST turbulent model
Possible efficacy of allopurinol vaginal washings in the treatment of chemotherapy-induced vaginitis
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Comparison of Luminance Between Face of Turin Shroud Man and Experimental Results
No full textThis work compares the luminance level of photographs of the face on the Turin Shroud with other experiments. Luminance levels are analyzed in order to extract 3D information. In particular, comparisons between various photographs of the face of the Shroud Man and those resulting from many experiments may aid in better understanding of how the image formed.
Four significant photographs of faces are analyzed by a new technique to correlate the black-and-white luminance of various photographic images with the image on the Shroud. Three photographs of the facial image were used to verify the stability of the results, according to variations in the photographic characteristics of the same subject. After normalization of each digitized image, areas corresponding to various classes of gray were highlighted, in correlate them with 3D information on the distance between face and Shroud.
All the photographs except that of the “Edessa Mandylion” show some 3D characteristics and the Shroud photographs, although disturbed by many defects, seem to correlate well with the sheet-face distance. Perhaps the best 3D results are those yielded by the carbon dust technique proposed by E. A. Craig, although it presents many open questions regarding formation mechanisms. With respect to the photographs of the Shroud, the experiments of V. Pesce Delfino and J. Nickell show a much higher percentage of saturated pixels correlated with areas of non-contact between face and Shroud. This fact contrasts with the hypothesis that the body image of the Shroud formed according to the technique proposed by the above researchers
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
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