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Il S.I.C. “Capo Murro di Porco, Penisola della Maddalena e Grotta Pellegrino” (Siracusa): analisi floristico-vegetazionali e obiettivi di conservazione Il S.I.C. “Capo Murro di Porco, Penisola della Maddalena e Grotta Pellegrino” (Siracusa): analisi floristico-vegetazionali e obiettivi di conservazione
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Analisi geobotanica del SIC “Capo Murro di Porco, Penisola della Maddalena e Grotta Pellegrino” (Siracusa, Sicilia)
No full textThe coastal vegetation of the SCI “Capo Murro di Porco, Penisola della Maddalena e Grotta Pellegrino” (Siracusa) - The flora and vegetation of the site of community importance (SCI) “Capo Murro di Porco, Penisola della Maddalena e Grotta Pellegrino” (Siracusa - Southern Sicily) are examined. The area at issue is characterized by the occurrence of several plant communities, mainly represented by phanerophytic coenosis (Oleo-Ceratonion), chamaephytic thermo-xerophilous coenosis (Cisto-Micromerietea, Helichrysion litorei), hemicryptophytic coenosis (Lygeo-Stipetea), halophilous communities of the coast (Crithmo-Limonietea), communities of the cliffs (Dianthion rupicolae), coenosis of the temporary ponds (Isoeto-Nanojuncetea, Juncion maritimi and Scirpion compacti) and spring-flowering meadows (Stipo-Trachynietea distachyae and Saginetea maritimae). The occurrence of several xerophytes, endemic or quite rare for the Sicilian flora, testifies the importance of this site (Allium lehmannii Lojac., Tillaea vaillantii Willd., Helichrysum conglobatum Viv., Limonium syracusanum Brullo, Lythrum tribracteatum Sprengel, Sarcopoterium spinosum (L.) Spach, Damasonium alisma Mill. subsp. bourgaei (Cosson) Maire, Pulicaria vulgaris Gaertn. var. graeca (Sch.-Bip.) Fiori, Ophrys biancae (Tod.) Macch., Dianthus rupicola Biv. subsp. rupicola.
This site is a coastal biotope of particular botanical interest which still survive today interesting patches of vegetation, disappeared over most of the coast of Eastern Sicily, their protection is therefore a priority
Taxonomical remarks on Trifolium savianum Guss. and its relationship with T. uniflorum L.
No full textIn the frame of investigations on endemic or rare taxa of the Sicilian flora, Trifolium savianum Guss., a misappreciated species occurring in a small area of Peloritani mountains (NE Sicily) is examined. According to literature data, the species has been considered as a synonym of T. uniflorum L. (Lojacono, 1891; Zohary, 1969; Jafri, 1980; Zohary & Heller, 1984; Greuter, 1989), as a variety (Gibelli & Belli, 1892; Vierhapper, 1919; Fiori, 1925) or as a subspecies of the aforesaid species (Nyman, 1878; Coombe, 1968; Tutin et al., 1968; Pignatti, 1982).
The analysis of morphological features, carried out on herbarium and living matherial, has highlighted that T. savianum can be considered as a distinct species, which differs from T. uniflorum in several characters regarding leaves, flowers and fruits. In particulerm T. savianum has the lower surface of leaflets opaque, feebly pubescent, with 7-12 teeth 0.3-0.5 mm long on each side, calyx 12-15 mm long 3-4.5 mm in diameter, with teeth curved up to 2.6 mm wide at the basis, corolla purplish, standard with limb elliptic slightly retuse, claw 3.5-4 mm wide, anthers linear elliptical 1.4 mm long, ovary with hairs 0.5-0.8 mm long, fruiting pedicels markedly thickened and recurved, while T. uniflorum is characterized by the lower surface of leaflets shiny, glabrous or subglabrous with 15-22 teeth 0.15-0.25 mm long on each side, calyx 5-11 mm long, 2-3 mm in diameter, with teeth erect up to 2 mm wide at the basis, corolla whitish to pink, standard with limb obovate-spathulate retuse-emarginate, claw 2.5 mm wide, anthers elliptical 0.9 mm long, ovary with hairs 0.2-0.35 mm long, fruiting pedicels unthickened and not very recurved or sometimes twisted.
As concerns the chorology and ecology, T. savianum is localized on mountain places near Mandanici (NE Sicily) at 900-1200 m of altitude, where it is a member of a perennial pulvinate community colonizing schistose sunny slopes. It was recorded also from Scilla (SW Calabria) by Pasquale (1907) but quite surely he was wrong. T. uniflorum is widespread in the E Mediterranean area, where it grows on coastal and inland phrygana or garrigues occurring on various substrata. According to Vierhapper (l.c.) and Hossain (1961), T. uniflorum is represented by several very variable populations often regarded as distinct taxa differentiated at specific, subspecific and variety rank, that may deserve a further thorough analysis.
Therefore on the basis of morphological, ecological and chorological data, T. savianum can be considered a Sicilian endemic arisen from a very old geographic isolation from the eastern populations of T. uniflorum
La biodiversità vegetale e relativa cartografia del pS.I.C. “Torre Manfria” (Gela – CL)
No full textTaxonomical and phytogeographycal remarks on Trifolium savianum Guss., a misappreciated species of the Italian flora.
No full textThe taxonomic position, chorology and phytosociological role of Trifolium savianum, a misappreciated species of the Italian flora, are examined. The species is closely related to T. uniflorum, E.-Mediterranean element, from which it differs in several morphological features regarding leaves, flowers and fruits. Distinction of the two taxa at the specific level is also supported by their geographical isolation dating back to the end of the Messinian period. From the phytosociological point of view, T. savianum is a member of an orophilous grassland rich in chamaephytes belonging to Plantaginion cupani, alliance of Molinio-Arrhenatheretea. This community is proposed as a new association, named Micromerio canescentis-Trifolietum saviani. As concerns T. uniflorum, it takes part in several coastal and inland phrygana communities belonging to the Cisto-Micromerietea class; besides it occurs in halophilous coastal communities of Crithmo-Limonietea
First record of Sphaeralcea bonariensis (Cav.) Griseb. (Malvaceae) as a casual alien species in the Mediterranean area
Full text linkSphaeralcea bonariensis (Cav.) Griseb. is here reported for the first time as alien species in Italy and in the Mediterranean area. It is a perennial shrub native to Southern America, where it is often considered a ruderal species frequent in cultivated areas. It was found in a population of a few individuals within Opuntia ficus-indica groves of Rocca Palumba territory (Western Sicily). Actually, due to short-term observational period and the low number of plants, Sphaeralcea bonariensis should be considered as a casual species in Italy. The ecological characteristics of the growing stand and the consistency of the population, as well as the possible causes of its introduction, are briefly discussed
Contributo alla conoscenza della vegetazione forestale dell’Egeo.
No full textNell'ambito di ricerche fitosociologiche nell'area egea vengono presentati i risultati relativi alle formazioni forestali attualmente osservabili nelle isole dell'Egeo meridionale.
Questo tipo di vegetazione è stato in precedenza oggetto di studio da parte di vari autori, fra cui in particolare Krause et al. (1963), Zohary & Orshan (1966), Barbero & Quezel (1980), Costa et al. (1984) e Géhu et al. (1989, 1990, 1992), che hanno esaminato sotto il profilo fitosociologico alcune isole dell'Egeo quali Eubea, Creta, Rodi e Karpatos. Allo scopo di ampliare le conoscenze su quest'area del Mediterraneo, ancora poco nota dal punto di vista vegetazionale, sono state effettuate indagini su numerose isole dell'arcipelago delle Cicladi e del Dodecaneso e a Creta. Sulla base dei dati di letteratura e di numerosi rilievi personali inediti, in questo territorio si rinvengono boschi termofili sempreverdi rappresentati da querceti a Quercus ilex e a Q. calliprinos, pinete a Pinus brutia, cipresseti a Cupressus sempervirens, come pure boschi decidui a Quercus brachyphylla, Q. macrolepis e Q. crispata. Frequenti sono pure varî tipi di macchia a Juniperus turbinata, a J. macrocarpa, a Pistacia lentiscus, ad Euphorbia dendroides e a Ceratonia siliqua. Altre formazioni presenti sono le ripisilve a Platanus orientalis e le boscaglie igrofile a Nerium oleader e a Vitex agnus-castus.
Per quanto riguarda il loro inquadramento fitosociologico, è da rilevare che con l’eccezione delle formazioni igrofile, gli aspetti forestali rientrano tutti nella classe Quercetea ilicis. In seno a quest’ultima si distinguono formazioni più mesofile, appartenenti ai Quercetalia ilicis ed all’alleanza Erico-Quercion ilicis, e formazioni più xerofile dei Pistacio-Rhamnetalia alaterni. Quest’ultimo ordine è rappresentato nell’area studiata da diverse alleanze, quali il Ceratonio-Pistacion lentisci, relativo agli arbusteti marcatamente xerofili prevalentemente costieri o semirupestri, il Quercion calliprini, comprendente le formazioni boschive del piano basale e submontano, il Cupresso-Acerion sempervirentis, del piano montano, lo Juniperion turbinatae dei litorali sabbiosi ed infine l’Ericion arboreae, raggruppante gli aspetti arbustivi di degradazione del Quercion calliprini e dell’Erico-Quercion ilicis.I boschi ripariali rientrano invece nel Platanion orientalis, alleanza dei Populetalia albae, mentre gli arbusteti frequenti lungo i corsi d’acqua sono da ascrivere ai Nerio-Tamaricetea, in seno alla quale è stata individuata una nuova aleanza, il Rubo sancti-Nerion oleandri, vicariante orientale del Rubo-Nerion oleandri
Syntaxonomical analysis of the beech forests from Sicily
No full textThe results of phytosociological investigation on the beech forests occurring in Sicily are given. On the basis of literature and unpublished data, four well differentiated associations have been identified and classified within the Doronico-Fagion, alliance of Querco-Fagetea. All the surveyed woodlands are localized in the mountain belt of North and North-Eastern Sicily. The associations have been examined from the floristical, ecological, chorological and nomenclatural point of view. Besides, a numerical analysis applied to the phytosociological relevés emphasizes remarkable differences among the associations
The endemic vascular flora of Peloritani Mountains (NE Sicily): Plant functional traits and phytogeographical relationships in the most isolated and fragmentary micro-plate of the Alpine orogeny
No full textThis study is aimed at (1) producing a complete and updated inventory of the endemic vascular flora of Peloritani Mountains, (2) defining the geographical limits of Peloritani, regarded here as a biogeographical district and (3) highlighting possible paleogeographic connections with other Mediterranean lands. The heterogeneity analysis of the endemic flora was performed by means of contingency tables, through the x 2 test. The endemic flora of this area consists of 129 specific and infraspecific taxa, of which 15 are restricted to the Peloritani Mountains. The analysis of habitats revealed that endemic taxa are most abundant on cliffs, rangelands, woods and garrigues. A large number of surveyed taxa are endemic to central-southern Italy and Sicily, while the number of endemic taxa in common with Calabria, Etna and Aeolian Islands turned out to be rather low, in spite of the geographical proximity. The endemic flora of Peloritani allows to emphasize palaeogeographical relationships not only with the neighbouring Mediterranean territories, but also with currently remote ones, such as southern Spain, Sardinia and Corsica. The phytogeographical framework substantiates the hypothesis that the Peloritani floristic district coincides with the limit given to Peloritani Mountains by structural geologists
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