1,721,411 research outputs found
Scelta ragionata delle indagini di laboratorio. Le analisi inutili. Argomenti di Metodologia Clinica
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Iperparatiroidismo primitivo ed ipercalcemia. Manuale di terapia delle malattie endocrine e metaboliche dello scheletro
No full textVitamin D, autoimmunity and gender
No full textVitamin D deficiency is considered a risk factor for autoimmune diseases. Vitamin D and its analogues have been proposed as therapeutic tools in autoimmunity considering their exquisite immunoregulatory effect against over-reactivity towards tolerance. Autoimmune diseases, nowadays recognized as emerging non communicable diseases, are characterized by a significant female bias. This sexual dimorphism seems related to sex hormones, which differently affect male and female immune systems. Males show higher immunosuppression, maybe due to androgens; the greater female immunoreactivity and competence, likely related to estrogens, lead to a greater resilience to infections but also to a higher risk for autoimmunity. Higher interest could be given to vitamin D-based supplementation or therapy for autoimmune diseases in relation to gender as well.
OBJECTIVE:
This review aims to discuss the role of vitamin D in autoimmune diseases with a view inside gender-related differences, in light of the interplay between vitamin D and sex hormones, especially estrogens.
RESULTS:
Some beneficial effects against autoimmune processes seem to be allowed by vitamin D acting in synergy with estrogens. This observation suggests that possible differences of vitamin D effects depend on the context in which this hormone is active.
CONCLUSION:
Rather sex-related differences of "absolute" vitamin D levels, the role of gender-dependent factors affecting vitamin D action seems to be critical. Gender and sexual hormones could be included as variables when evaluating the potential power of vitamin D receptor agonists as novel pharmacological tools to approach autoimmune diseases
Metabolismo minerale e malattie delle paratiroidi. Manuale medico di endocrinologia e metabolismo.
No full textRomosozumab: From basic to clinical aspects
No full textThe Wnt pathway has an important role in bone formation. Inactivation of sclerostin, an inhibitor of this pathway, has been associated with increased bone mass both in animal experiments and in human clinical trials. Romosozumab is a humanized monoclonal antibody targeting sclerostin. Preclinical studies showed that this antibody primarily increases bone formation resulting in increased bone mineral density. Initial studies carried out in humans are in line with data obtained in animals. If these results are confirmed in larger studies with fracture end-points, this monoclonal antibody with its anabolic action, will become a key drug in the treatment of osteoporosis. © Informa UK, Ltd
Primary hyperparathyroidism is one of the three most frequent endocrine disorders, typically diagnosed in the years following menopause and with advancing age.
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