1,721,136 research outputs found
Cancer registration in dogs and cats: A narrative review of history, current status, and standardization efforts
No full textCancer severely affects the health of companion animals, with neoplasia being a leading cause of death in pets. Although pets and humans share the home environment and dogs and cats can serve as sentinel species for environmental carcinogens, cancer surveillance in pets remains fragmented after decades of studies. The aim of this narrative review is to assess the evolution and current status of animal cancer registries (ACRs), highlighting historical milestones and key methodologies with a global perspective. The different types of cancer registries, their different roles and related issues in cancer surveillance are highlighted. Inconsistent diagnostic criteria, limited standardization, and lack of centralized databases hinder the comparability of results in veterinary oncology. Recent initiatives, such as the Global Initiative for Veterinary Cancer Surveillance (GIVCS) and the Veterinary Cancer Guidelines and Protocols (VCGP), seek to standardize cancer reporting and coding systems and promote a One Health approach that links veterinary and human oncology research. Increased standardization and data sharing between databases is critical to advancing cancer surveillance in companion animals, benefiting both veterinary and public health
Conjunctival myxoma in a dog: clinical and histopathological features
No full textCase report: A 9-year-old male Bull Terrier was presented for a 3-month history of a progressive, non-painful conjunctival mass of the right eye. The mass was exophytic and located in the temporal bulbar conjunctiva. No adhesion to the sclera was detected. A presumptive clinical diagnosis of a conjunctival neoplasia was made. Complete physical and ophthalmological examinations of the dog, as well as complete blood count, serum biochemical analysis, urinalysis, thoracic radiography, echocardiography and abdominal ultrasonography, were performed. The mass was surgically removed and a double freeze–thaw cycle of cryotherapy was performed locally. Histological examination of the removed tissue showed a well-delineated, non-encapsulated mass composed of spindle cells in loose myxomatous stroma. No nuclear atypia was observed in the tumour cells. A positive Alcian blue stain confirmed the mucin origin of the stroma. Tumour cells stained positive on immunohistochemistry for vimentin and negative for cytokeratins. A diagnosis was made of conjunctival myxoma. No evidence of local recurrence or distant metastases was identified during the 24-month follow-up period. Conclusion: To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this is the first report on a conjunctival myxoma in dogs
Aspetti clinici, citologici, istologici ed immunopatologici di un melanoma congiuntivale in un cane
No full textIn vitro sensitivity of two different inocula of Microsporum canis versus terbinafine
No full textPurpose. Terbinafine is an allylamine derivative: it is the first antifungal agent with a primarily fungicidal action against dermatophytes. its good efficacy in treating dermatophythosis has already been demonstrated both in humans and animals. In this study, the authors checked two type of inocula, non sporulating and sporulating mycelia of Microsporum canis, to evaluate the in vitro activity of terbinafine using a microdilution test. Materials and methods. Twenty-nine unsporulated isolates and 18 sporulated samples of M canis were tested to terbinafine. All the isolates were obtained from the coats of cats by brushing technique and seeded onto Mycobiotic agar. The strains were successively seeded into Tryptic Soy Broth (TSB) or onto Potato Carrot Agar (PCA) to obtain the inocula to assay the susceptibility of both mycelium or macroconidia. The assays were carried out by microdilution. All tests were performed in quadruplicate. Results. All samples of unsporulated mycelia grew at concentrations of 0.005 mug/ml, 58 samples grew at concentrations of 0.025 mug/ml, 18 at 0.05 mug/ml. Growth at 0.5 mug/ml and higher concentrations was not observed. All samples of sporulating mycelia grew at 0.005 mug/ml, 24 grew at concentrations of 0.025 mug/ml, 20 at 0.05 mug/ml. No sample grew at concentrations of 0.5 mug/ml. When testing mycelia, a DE50 of 0.03 mug/ml has been recorded, while 0.02 mug/ml was the DE50 for the macroconidia. Conclusions. Basing upon the statistical analysis of the data, no difference between the behavior of the two different types of inocula towards terbinafine was observed. The strong fungicidal character of terbinafine against ill. canis has also been evidenced
A mammary gland chondrolipoma in the dog
No full textA 12-year-old intact female dog was submitted to surgery to remove a well-circumscribed mass located near the left inguinal mammary gland. At histological examination, the mass was unencapsulated and composed by lobules of fat cells and scattered isles of cartilaginous tissue. Chondroblasts and chondrocytes showed moderate signs of atypia and often were located singularly or in small clusters within the stroma of the neoplasm. Immunohistochemical analysis revealed that cells were vimentin and S-100 positive, whereas no immunoreactivity was showed for cytokeratin, cytokeratin 5/6, cytokeratin 14, and P63. A diagnosis of chondrolipoma was made based on microscopic findings
Relationship between in vivo and in vitro activity of terbinafine against Microsporum canis infection in cats
No full textPurpose. The in vitro antimicrobial activity of an agent can be expressed in terms of minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC). MIC data obtained by various investigations can differ considerably and the results depend on many factors such as the type of evaluation, the type of inoculum, the size of the inoculum, the medium, and the incubation temperature. A correlation between in vitro antifungal susceptibility and in vivo clinical results has been established only in a few cases. Due to the lack of correlation, many factors inherent to the fungi, to the host and to the drug must be considered. Moreover, MIC values are unlikely to be obtained upon systemic application in the infection sites when testing the most important antifungal agents like griseofulvin or azoles, characterized by a fungistatic mode of action. In this study we evaluated the activity of terbinafine, a fungicidal drug, in vivo in naturally occurring feline dermatophytoses and compared it with its in vitro activity against Microsporum canis strains isolated from these cats before treatment. Materials and methods. In vivo activity, 30 mg/kg day of oral terbinafine was administered for 14 consecutive days to 11 cats showing symptomatic ringworm. The cats were checked regularly for dermatophytes by hairbrush diagnosis at the end of the treatment and 1, 2 and 3 months later. In vitro activity. The activity of terbinafine was evaluated versus M. canis strains isolated from the same cats before treatment. The MIC values were obtained with a microdilution test. Results. In spite of the fact that nd, canis showed an impressive biological variability in terms of in vitro and in vivo susceptibility to the drug, there was a correspondence between the in vitro sensitivity and the in vivo clinical response. The cats whose isolates showed the highest susceptibility to the drug were mycologically cleaned one month after the end of the therapy. The higher the resistance to the drug, the longer was the mycological recovery. Discussion. This correspondence can be referred to a precise follow up of the cats, to a correct methodology in vitro, but mostly to the fungicidal action and the pharmacokinetics of terbinafine. These factors make it possible to reach a concentration of the drug far above the minimum fungicidal concentration in the target tissues
Reduced PTEN Protein Expression and Its Prognostic Implications in Canine and Feline Mammary Tumors
No full textPhosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN) belongs to the group of gatekeeper tumor suppressor genes and is involved in multiple mechanisms leading to cellular defense against neoplastic transformation and progression. Twenty-four dogs and 17 cats were submitted to a 2-year follow-up study, and clinicopathologic features were recorded and compared with immunohistochemical PTEN staining. PTEN-negative status occurred in 33% of canine and 76% of feline mammary carcinomas. In canine mammary carcinomas, there was a significant (P < .05) correlation between loss of PTEN protein expression and simple carcinoma histotype, lymphatic vessel invasion, lymph node metastases, distant organ metastases, tumor dedifferentiation, tumor recurrence, and shorter overall survival. In feline mammary tumors, a significant correlation between loss of PTEN protein expression and lymphatic vessel invasion was found. Loss of PTEN expression could be a useful prognostic marker in canine mammary carcinomas
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