31 research outputs found
Ditylenchus sarvarae sp. n. (Tylenchina: Anguinidae) from Iran
No full textShokoohi, Ebrahim, Iranpour, Fahime, Peneva, Vlada, Elshishka, Milka, Fourie, Hendrika, Swart, Antoinette (2018): Ditylenchus sarvarae sp. n. (Tylenchina: Anguinidae) from Iran. Zootaxa 4399 (2): 197-206, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4399.2.
FIGURE 1 in Ditylenchus sarvarae sp. n. (Tylenchina: Anguinidae) from Iran
No full textFIGURE 1. Ditylenchus sarvarae sp. n. A, G: Anterior end; B: Entire male; C: Entire Female; D, E: Lip region and stylet; F: Female reprodUctive system; H: Lateral Field incisUres; I: Cross section oF midbody showing lateral Field; J: Post Uterine sac; K, L: Female posterior end; M: Male posterior end.Published as part of Shokoohi, Ebrahim, Iranpour, Fahime, Peneva, Vlada, Elshishka, Milka, Fourie, Hendrika & Swart, Antoinette, 2018, Ditylenchus sarvarae sp. n. (Tylenchina: Anguinidae) from Iran, pp. 197-206 in Zootaxa 4399 (2) on page 200, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4399.2.4, http://zenodo.org/record/120658
Ditylenchus sarvarae Shokoohi & Iranpour & Peneva & Elshishka & Fourie & Swart 2018, sp. n.
No full textDitylenchus sarvarae sp. n. (See Figs. 1 & 2) Measurements. See Table 1. Description. Population from Bam, province of Kerman (4♀♀, 3♂♂): Female. Body almost straight to open “C” shape When heat relaxed. Lip region loW, measuring 7–9 µm in diameter and 3–4 µm in height. Head flattened, appearing almost smooth. Stoma opening pore-like at the centre of a small oral disc. Amphidial openings small and slit-like, posterior to lateral lips. Cuticle annuli about 1 µm Wide at midbody. Stylet delicate, With Well developed, rounded knobs, 2 µm in Width. Dorsal pharyngeal gland orifice (DGO) at 22–25% of stylet length. Pharyngeal procorpus cylindrical, Without a constriction at the junction With median bulb. Median bulb mostly oval in shape, 17–18 µm long and 10–11 µm in diameter, valve Well developed. Isthmus long, slender, encircled nearly at its midpoint by the nerve ring. Nerve ring located at 47–55% of neck length. Basal pharyngeal bulb spatulate. Hemizonid located opposite anterior part of pharyngeal basal bulb at 63– 78% of neck length, about three cuticular annuli long. Excretory pore at basal bulb level, at 73–79% of neck length. Lateral fields With seven plain incisures, often difficult to see under the light microscope. Reproductive system monodelphic-prodelphic, Well developed. Ovary Without flexure toWards vulva. Anterior genital tract 200 µm long, 15–20% of body length, With the apex of the germinal zone not reaching the pharyngeal bulb. Spermatheca broad, elongated, 35–38 µm long, 6–10 µm in diameter, filled With rounded sperm. Anterior part of uterus in the form of a quadricolumella, folloWed by a short, narroWer tract and ending in a sWollen posterior part near the vagina. Postvulval uterine sac Well developed, 1.8–2.8 times the vulval body diameter; 25–51% the vulva–anus distance. Tail conoid, ending in a finely pointed terminus. Phasmids conspicuous, 29–33 µm distant from anus. Male. Smaller than female, but similar in shape, except in reproductive system. Lip region 3–4 µm high, 7–8 µm in diameter, slightly narroWer than the rest of the body. Lip region With 3 annuli. Stylet delicate, knobs small, rounded, 2.0–3.0 µm in diameter. DGO 22–23% of stylet length. Median bulb oval, 18 µm length and 11 µm in diameter, respectively. Isthmus slender, elongate, 60–61 µm long, encircled approximately in the middle by the nerve ring. Basal pharyngeal bulb spatulate, slightly abutting intestine. Lateral fields With seven smooth incisures. Testis Well developed, 544–888 µm long, not reaching the basal bulb. Bursa leptoderan, slightly longer than tail in overall extension, starting anterior to the cloaca at a distance slightly more than one anal body diameter and extending 66–95% of tail length. Spicules ventrally arcuate, slightly cephalated anteriorly. Gubernaculum simple, 30–43% of spicule length. Locality and habitat. The material studied Was isolated from rhizosphere soil associated With alfalfa roots (Medicago sativa L.) in Bam, in the province of Kerman, Iran (N: 29°06′22″; E: 58°21′25″). Type material. TWo females and tWo males (holotype and paratypes) deposited in the National Collection of Nematodes (NCN) at the ARC-PPRI (Nematology Unit of Biosystematics). The other paratypes (tWo females and one male) Were deposited in the nematode collection of Nematology Laboratory of North West University, Potchefstroom, South Africa. Diagnosis. Ditylenchus sarvarae sp. n. is characterized by body length (1000–1438 µm in females and 780– 933 µm in males), stylet length (9–10 µm), number of lateral lines (seven), post uterine sac length (55–62 µm), tail length (73–89 µm in females and 64–69 µm in males), spicule length (22–25 µm), leptoderan bursa (94–95% of tail length) and unique D2D3 sequence. Relationships. The neW species is morphologically similar to D. valveus Thorne & Malek, 1968 and D. destructor Thorne, 1945. Compared With D. valveus, it has a longer bursa (94–95% of tail length vs 23–47% of tail length) (Brzeski 1991). Compared With D. destructor, D. sarvarae sp. n. differs in shape of the tail terminus (sharply pointed vs rounded), number of lateral field insicures (7 vs 6) and a longer bursa (50–90% in D. destructor) (SWart et al. 2015). Compared With D. gigas Vovlas, Troccoli, Palomares-Rius, De Luca, Liébanas, Landa, Subbotin & Castillo 2011, the neW species differs in body length (1000–1438 µm vs 1561–1932 µm in females and 933–1152 µm vs 1373–1716 µm in males), female tail length (68–89 µm vs 69–103 µm), length of postuterine sac (55–62 µm vs 81–150 µm), number of lateral incisures line (7 vs 4) and bursa length (94–95% of tail length vs 50–90% of tail length) (Vovlas et al. 2011). In comparison With D. oncogenus Vovlas, Troccoli, Palomares-Rius, De Luca, Cantalapiedra-Navarrete, Liébanas, Landa, Subbotin & Castillo, 2015 the neW species differ in having more lateral field incisures (7 vs 6) and a longer bursa (62–67% of tail length in D. oncogenus) (Vovlas et al. 2015). Compared With D. gallaeformans Oliveira, Santini, Seni, Dietrich, Salazar, Subbotin, Mundo- Ocampo, Goldenberg & Barreto, 2013, it differs in having more lateral field incsicures (7 vs 4) and shorter bursa (94–95% of tail length vs 100% of tail length). In comparison With D. halictus Giblin-Davis, Erteld, Kanzaki, Ye, Zeng & Center, 2010, it differs in lateral field incisures (7 vs 6) and bursa length (94–95% of tail length vs 20–55% of tail length). The neW species shoWs differences With D. drepanocercus Goodey, 1953 in spicule length (22–26 µm vs 10 µm) and bursa length (94–95% of tail length vs 50% of tail length; according to Brzeski 1991). D. persicus and D. sarvarae differ in body length (vs 635-928 µm in females and 670-715 µm in males), stylet length (vs 5-7 µm), post uterine sac length (69-139 vs 14-18 µm), female tail length (68-98 vs 45-68 µm), the number of lateral field incisures (7 vs 6) and spicule length (22-26 vs 15-17 µm). Etymology. The specific epithet is in honor of the mother, Lady Sarvar Ourang, of the first author in grateful recognition of her efforts to raise him from childhood, and is also dedicated to all mothers in the World. DNA characterization. The sequence flanked by the tWo primers D2a and D2b of the D2–D3 segment of 28S region of D. sarvarae sp. n. contains 762 base pairs (bps). A Blast search demonstrated that this population has 125 base pair differences from the Chinese populations of D. destructor (EU400628, EU400624; EU400623; 83% identity). The Iranian population shoWs less similarity With other Ditylenchus sequnces deposited in the NCBI GenBank.Published as part of Shokoohi, Ebrahim, Iranpour, Fahime, Peneva, Vlada, Elshishka, Milka, Fourie, Hendrika & Swart, Antoinette, 2018, Ditylenchus sarvarae sp. n. (Tylenchina: Anguinidae) from Iran, pp. 197-206 in Zootaxa 4399 (2) on pages 198-204, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4399.2.4, http://zenodo.org/record/120658
Studies of the genus Enchodelus Thorne, 1939 (Nematoda, Nordiidae) from Arctic polar deserts. 1. Species with long odontostyle: E. makarovae sp. n. and E. groenlandicus (Ditlevsen, 1927) Thorne, 1939, with an identification key to the species of the E. macrodorus group
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Ground beetles (Coleoptera: Carabidae) diversity from harvested oilseed rape fields (Brassica napus L.) in Southern Bulgaria
No full textThis study aimed at clarifying the species composition and ecological structure of carabid communities, in oilseed rape fields after rape harvest. Field work was carried out in 2018. Pitfall traps (5 in each site) were set in 10 sampling sites in Thracean Lowland and Sarnena Sredna Gora Mts. Captured beetles belonged to 66 species and 24 genera, representing 9% of the species and 19% of the ground beetle genera occurring in Bulgaria. The most diverse was genus Harpalus Latreille, 1802 (15 species), followed by the genera Amara Zimmermann, 1832 (7 species), Microlestes Schmidt-Goebel, 1846 (6 species) and Parophonus Ganglbauer, 1891 (5 species). Five species were new for the region of the Thracean Lowland: Amara (Bradytus) consularis (Duftschmid, 1812), Harpalus (Harpalus) caspius (Steven, 1806), H. (Pseudoophonus) calceatus (Duftschmid, 1812), Microlestes negrita negrita (Wollaston, 1854), Tachyura (Tachyura) parvula (Dejean, 1831). Three species: Amara (Zezea) fulvipes (Audinet-Serville, 1821), A. (Zezea) chaudoiri incognita Fassati, 1946 and Diachromus germanus (Linnaeus, 1758) were new records for the region of the Sarnena Gora. Seven species were new for the whole Sredna Gora Mts.: Acinopus (Acinopus) picipes (Olivier, 1795), A. (Oedematicus) megacephalus (P. Rossi, 1794), Carterus (Carterus) dama (P. Rossi, 1792), Harpalus (Harpalus) flavicornis flavicornis Dejean, 1829, H. (Pseudoophonus) griseus (Panzer, 1796), Licinus (Licinus) depressus (Paykull, 1790) and Microlestes maurus maurus (Sturm, 1827). Genera Acinopus Dejean, 1821, Carterus Dejean, 1830 and Licinus Latreille, 1802 were new geographic records for the Sredna Gora Mts. Twelve life form categories were established (7 zoophagous and 6 mixophytophagous). The analysis of the life forms showed a slight predominance of the mixophytophages (38 species; 58%) over the zoophages (28 species; 42%). There were no constant species occurring in all sampling sites (with 100% occurrence). Thirteen species appeared after the harvest (they were absent during the flowering and ripening of the rape), forty-four species disappeared (they were present during flowering and ripening), and twenty-nine species were present in all stages
Ground beetles (Coleoptera: Carabidae) diversity from pastures in Southern Bulgaria
No full textThis study aimed at clarifying the species composition and ecological structure of carabids, associated with active pastures. Field work was carried out in 2017 and 2018. Pitfall traps (5 in each site) were set in 10 sampling sites in Thracean Lowland and Sarnena Sredna Gora Mts. Captured beetles belonged to 90 species and 33 genera, representing 12% of the species and 26% of the ground beetle genera occurring in Bulgaria. The most diverse was genus Harpalus (22 species), followed by the genera Amara (7 species), Microlestes (6 species), Ophonus (6 species) and Parophonus (5 species). Twenty species were new for the region of the Thracean Lowland: Amara fulvipes (Audinet-Serville, 1821), Anisodactylus binotatus (Fabricius, 1787), A. intermedius Dejean, 1829, Apotomus clypeonitens Müller, 1943, Calathus cinctus Motschulsky, 1850, Carterus gilvipes (Piochard de la Brûlerie, 1873), Gynandromorphus etruscus (Quensel en Schönherr, 1806), Harpalus fuscicornis Ménétriés, 1832, H. subcylindricus Dejean, 1829, Microlestes apterus Holdhaus, 1904, M. corticalis (L. Dufour, 1820), M. fulvibasis (Reitter, 1901), M. maurus (Sturm, 1827), M. minutulus (Goeze, 1777), Notiophilus laticollis Chaudoir, 1850, Pangus scaritides (Sturm, 1818), Parophonus laeviceps (Ménétriés, 1832), P. planicollis (Dejean, 1829), Polystichus connexus (Geoffroy in Fourcroy, 1785) and Pterostichus strenuus (Panzer, 1796). Twenty species were new for the whole Sredna Gora Mts.: Acinopus picipes (Olivier, 1795), A. megacephalus (P. Rossi, 1794), Amara anthobia A. Villa et G. B. Villa, 1833, Ditomus calydonius (P. Rossi, 1790), Harpalus albanicus Reitter, 1900, H. angulatus Putzeys, 1878, H. attenuatus Stephens, 1828, H. dimidiatus (P. Rossi, 1790), H. flavicornis Dejean, 1829, H. pumilus Sturm, 1818, H. pygmaeus Dejean, 1829, H. subcylindricus Dejean, 1829, H. tardus (Panzer, 1796), H. signaticornis (Duftschmid, 1812), Lebia scapularis (Geoffroy, 1785), Microlestes fissuralis (Reitter, 1901), M. fulvibasis (Reitter, 1901), M. maurus (Sturm, 1827), M. minutulus (Goeze, 1777) and Ophonus sabulicola (Panzer, 1796). Fourty-one species were new for the region of the Sarnena Sredna Gora. Genus Apotomus, Gynandromorphus, Pangus and Polystichus were new geographic records for Thracean Lowland. Genera Acinopus and Ditomus were new for the Sredna Gora Mts. Fourteen life form categories were established (9 zoophagous and 5 mixophytophagous). The analysis of the life forms showed a slight predominance of the mixophytophages (53 species; 59%) over the zoophages (37 species; 41%). Microlestes minutulus was a constant species occurring in all sampling sites
Terrestrial nematodes from the Maritime Antarctic
No full textSoil nematodes are one of the most important terrestrial faunal groups in Antarctica, as they are a major component of soil micro-food webs. Despite their crucial role in soil processes, knowledge of their species diversity and distribution is still incomplete. Taxonomic studies of Antarctic nematodes are fragmented, which prevents assessment of the degree of endemicity and distribution of the species, as well as other aspects of biogeography.The present study is focused on the nematode fauna of one of the three Antarctic sub-regions, the Maritime Antarctic and summarises all findings published up to April 2023. A species list that includes 44 species, belonging to 21 genera, 16 families and eight orders is provided. A review of the literature on terrestrial nematodes inhabiting the Maritime Antarctic showed that the sites are unevenly studied. Three islands (Signy, King George and Livingston Islands) revealed highest species richness, probably due to the highest rates of research effort. Most species and four genera (Antarctenchus, Pararhyssocolpus, Amblydorylaimus and Enchodeloides) are endemic, proving that nematode fauna of the Maritime Antarctic is autochthonous and unique. Several groups of islands/sites have been revealed, based on their nematode fauna. The study showed that species with a limited distribution prevailed, while only two species (Plectus antarcticus and Coomansus gerlachei) have been found in more than 50% of the sites. Based on the literature data, details on species localities, microhabitat distribution, plant associations and availability of DNA sequences are provided
Chalcidoid fauna (Hymenoptera: Chalcidoidea) of grasslands situated in rapeseed (Brassica napus L.) surroundings in Bulgaria
No full textThe objective of the current study was to assess the potential of semi-natural grasslands to serve as parasitoid sources from which individuals can spread to the surrounding cultivated habitats. The composition of chalcidoid fauna was studied in nine non-harvested grasslands located near to but not bordering oilseed rape (Brassica napus L.) fields. The investigated areas were generally used as pastures for domestic animals, but vegetation was not intensively grazed in all sampling sites. Samples were collected by sweep-netting during the period between full flowering and the end of flowering of the rapeseed (stages 65-70 according to the BBCH-scale). Insect counts showed significant dominance of Eulophidae Westwood (84 individuals; 42%) and Pteromalidae Dalman (60 ind.; 30%), with lower abundance of Eurytomidae Walker (22 ind.; 11%). Some other groups were poorly represented – Torymidae Walker (10 ind.; 5%), Encyrtidae Walker (9 ind.; 5%), Ormyridae Förster (6 ind.; 3%), Eupelmidae Walker (4 ind.; 2%), Chalcididae Latreille (2 ind.; 1%) and Tetracampidae Förster (2 ind.; 1%). Most numerous among eulophids were Baryscapus Förster (38 ind.; 46%), Aprostocetus Westwood (21 ind.; 25%) and Necremnus Thomson (11 ind.; 13%). Nine other genera comprised the remaining 23% of the eulophid collection – Diglyphus Walker, Elachertus Spinola, Entedon Dalman, Eulophus Geoffroy, Neochrysocharis Kurdjumov, Neotrichoporoides Girault, Pnigalio Schrank, Sympiesis Förster and Tetrastichus Haliday. The most abundant pteromalids were Mesopolobus Westwood (20 ind.; 37%) and Pteromalus Swederus (11 ind.; 20%), followed by 13 genera with 7% or less – Catolaccus Thomson, Chlorocytus Graham, Cyrtogaster Walker, Cyclogastrella Bukovskii, Gastrancystrus Westwood, Glyphognathus Graham, Halticoptera Spinola, Homoporus Thomson, Norbanus Walker, Psilocera Walker, Trichomalus Thomson, Spalangia Latreille and Systasis Walker. Parasitoid diversity and its possible beneficial role were discussed according to the present knowledge on the rapeseed pests and their natural enemies
Longidorus carniolensis sp. n. (Nematoda, Longidoridae) from vineyard soil in Slovenia
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New data on two remarkable Antarctic species Amblydorylaimus isokaryon (Loof, 1975) Andr\ue1ssy, 1998 and Pararhyssocolpus paradoxus (Loof, 1975), gen. n., comb. n. (Nematoda, Dorylaimida)
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