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Acute exposure to essential amino acids (EAA) activates MTOR/p70 signaling in soleus muscle of chronically EAA-treated aged rats.
Full text linkUsing an in vitro assay we assessed whether the acute exposure of soleus muscle of adult and aged rats to essential amino acid enriched mixture (EAAem) activates mTOR signaling pathway (mTOR and p70S6K) even after prolonged supplementation with the same mixture. A total of 20 adult (9 months of age at the end of treatment) and 20 aged (18 months of age at the end of treatment) male Wistar rats were used. Ten of each group were treated with EAAem (1.5 gr/kg/day in tap water) for 6 months. At the end of treatment the rats were grouped (n = 5 each group) as follows: adult (AD) and aged (AG) untreated controls; adult (AD_EAAem) and aged (AG_EAAem) chronically supplemented with EAAem; adult (AD+EAAem) and aged (AG+EAAem) acutely incubated with EAAem (soleus in 1 percent EAAem for 30 min); AD_EAAem+ and AG_EAAem+ acutely incubated with EAAem. Following treatment the activation level of mTOR and p70S6K was measured by Western blot. The basal level of mTOR and p70S6K activation appeared to be higher in AD compared with AG. In AG+EAAem a significant change in the level of p70S6K activation, unlike mTOR, was observed whereas no change was observed in AD+EAAem. In AD_EAAem muscles the basal level of p70S6K activation, unlike mTOR, was significantly lower than in AD and the acute exposure to EAAem produced a significant reduction of mTOR activation. Contrarily to AG, in AG_EAAem+ the acute exposure to EAAem produced a significant activation of mTOR, unlike p70S6K. Results in the adults indicated a higher basal level of activation and a lower responsiveness of the pathway to acute and chronic exposure to EAA-enriched mixture. On the contrary, in the aged, a lower basal level of activation was associated with a higher responsiveness to EAAem. In particular, although with a different timing, acute exposure to EAAem activated mTOR signaling even following prolonged supplementation
Essential amino acids activate mTOR/p70 pathway in soleus muscle of chronically supplemented rats
No full textAim: Using an in vitro assay we assessed whether the acute exposure to essential amino acids (EAA) enriched mixture (EAAem) is able to activate mTOR signaling pathway (mTOR and p70S6K) after prolonged supplementation with the same mixture in soleus muscle of adult and elderly rats.
Method: Adult (9 months of age at the end of treatment, n=10) and elderly (19 months of age at the end of treatment, n=10) male Wistar rats were chronically treated with EAA enriched mixture for 6 months (1.5 gr/kg/day in tap water). For each group 5 untreated rats served as matched control. At the end of treatment rats were grouped as follows (n=5 each): AD adults untreated controls ; EL, elderly untreated controls; AD+EAAem, AD supplemented with EAAem; EL+EAAem, EL supplemented with EAAem; AD+EAAem incubated with EAAem (1% or in Krebs solution for 30 min); EL+EAAem incubated with EAAem. Following treatment the activation level of mTOR and p70S6K was measured by Western blot.
Results: The basal level of mTOR and p70S6K activation appeared to be higher in untreated AD compared with EL. Following incubation with EAAem a significant change in the level of p70S6K activation unlike mTOR was observed in EL whereas no change was observed in AD. In chronically treated AD muscles the basal level of p70S6K unlike mTOR activation appeared to decrease and the acute exposure to EAAem produced a significant reduction of mTOR activation. Contrarily to untreated rats, in chronically treated EL muscles the acute exposure to EAAem produced a significant activation of mTOR unlike p70S6K.
Conclusion: Results in the young indicate a higher basal level of activation and a reduced responsiveness of the pathway to acute and chronic exposure to EAA enriched mixture. On the contrary, in the elderly, a lower basal level of activation was associated with a higher responsiveness to EAA enriched mixture. In particular although with a different timing, acute exposure activates mTOR signaling even following prolonged supplementation
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