1,221 research outputs found
The role of the reporting framework MIATA within current efforts to advance immune monitoring.
No full textEvaluating Team Dynamics for Collaborative Communication Alignment Tasks
No full textThe primary focus of this work is in exploring human teaming dynamics within goal-oriented communication alignments tasks. A communication alignment task within the context of this work is one in which two teammates have the exact same target information, but from differing perspectives and must communicate in an effort to align their knowledge and agree on the target output. Such an interaction within aviation could occur between a pilot and air traffic controller or ground troop personnel and Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) controller. The goal is to compare the task performance and time of completion of a communication alignment task between various team compositions: novice-novice, novice-expert, and expert-expert teams. In this work a novice team member is defined as one who is new to the experimental subject panel and has no experience with the simulated communication alignment task at the onset of the data collection. An expert on the other hand has over 6 months of experience on the experimental subject panel and was trained on the task 9 months prior. It is hypothesized that there is a positive correlation between the number of experts within the team composition and the task performance and a negative correlation between the number of experts and the time of completion. The results indicate a decline in task performance and increase in task completion time with less experts on a team. This work aims to better inform the impact that teammate expertise could contribute to performance outcomes within goal-oriented collaborative knowledge alignment interactions
Two steps forward, one step back? A commentary on the disease-specific core sets of the international classification of functioning, Disability and Health (ICF)
No full textThe International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF) is advocated
as a biopsychosocial framework and classification and has been received favourably by
occupational therapists, disability rights organisations and proponents of the social
model of disability. The success of the ICF largely depends on its uptake in practice and
it is considered unwieldy in its full format. Therefore, to make the ICF user friendly, the
World Health Organisation (WHO) have condensed the original format and developed
core sets, some of which are disease specific. The authors use the ICF Core Set for
stroke as an example to debate if by reverting to classification according to disease, the
ICF is at risk of taking two steps forward, one step back in its holistic portrayal of health
The Value of Dialogue Groups for Teaching Race and Ethnicity
No full textTeaching sociological perspectives on race and ethnicity is challenging due to the predominance of color-blind ideology in our supposed postracial society. Students enter the classroom hesitant to discuss race or acknowledge ongoing racism. To better educate students and bridge the racial distance between them, we developed small-group, team-facilitated dialogues as a core course component. We explore results of pre- and postsurveys from students in two sections of Sociology of Race and Ethnicity taught by the first author, which featured dialogues, and one similarly structured offering from a different instructor without dialogues. In comparison to the class offering without dialogues, students who completed the dialogues showed greater mastery of core sociological concepts related to race and an increased commitment to supporting and promoting racial and ethnic equality
Efficient Markets? Don\u27t Bet on It
No full textThis article tests the efficient-markets hypothesis by looking at profits in National Football League (NFL) betting markets. The author tests whether successful betting strategies exist when points scored and allowed earlier in a season can outperform the betting line in predicting the margin of victory in NFL games and finds that profitable strategies exist. In addition, the author finds that over the course of a season, bettors do imperfectly incorporate information about team strength and that NFL victory margins are a highly variable process
ShibboLEAP: seven libraries and a LEAP of faith
No full textMuch of UK Higher and Further Education (HE & FE) has begun to grapple with next-generation access management technology. Many UK developments in this area are underpinned by Shibboleth, which is conceptually simple, but architecturally complex. It is hoped that this article will benefit newcomers to Shibboleth. We offer a brief introduction to Shibboleth technology, in the context of the UK's burgeoning federated access management infrastructure. We go on to describe the ShibboLEAP Project, which saw six University of London institutions implement Shibboleth under the guidance of the London School of Economics and Political Science (LSE). The project's background, aims and core findings are summarised, and the detailed project outputs, including case studies of Shibboleth Identity Provider implementation at each participating institution, are introduced. The project deliverables may be of practical assistance to institutions which decide to implement Shibboleth as a step towards federated access management
Collaboration interface supporting human-autonomy teaming for unmanned vehicle management
No full textAdvances in technology are leading to envisioned operational concepts that team a single operator with autonomy to manage multiple heterogeneous unmanned vehicles (UxVs). Several autonomy decision aids have been integrated into a prototype control station with innovative human-autonomy interfaces that allow multiple UxV management via high-level commands called “plays”. Each play defines the actions of one or more UxVs, often in response to a mission event or task. This paper describes recent enhancements made to a Task Manager tool to better support operator-autonomy collaboration. After mission events are signaled in chat, corresponding tasks are communicated by an intelligent agent via pictorial icons designed to facilitate rapid retrieval of necessary actions. These icons also enable direct manipulation control functionality. The Task Manager supports shared awareness across human and agent team members by summarizing the relative priority, recency, and completion status of mission tasks
Human-autonomy teaming - an evolving interaction paradigm:teaming and automation
No full textIntelligent and complex systems are becoming common in our workplace and our homes, providing direct assistance in transport, health and education domains. In many instances the nature of these systems are somewhat ubiquitous, and influence the manner in which we make decisions. Traditionally we understand the benefits of how humans work within teams, and the associated pitfalls and costs when this team fails to work. However, we can view the autonomous agent as a synthetic partner emerging in roles that have traditionally been the bastion of the human alone. Within these new Human-Autonomy Teams we can witness different levels of automation and decision support held within a clear hierarchy of tasks and goals. However, when we start examining the nature of more autonomous systems and software agents we see a partnership that can suggest different constructs of authority depending on the context of the task. This may vary in terms of whether the human or agent is leading the team in order to achieve a goal. This paper examines the nature of HAT composition whilst examining the application of this in aviation and how trust in such systems can be assessed
Disorientation research device testing of synthetic vision display technologies
No full textA Commercial Aviation Safety Team (CAST) study of 18 worldwide loss-ofcontrol accidents and incidents determined that the lack of external visual references was associated with a flight crew’s loss of attitude awareness or energy state awareness in 17 of these events. CAST recommended development and implementation of virtual day-Visual Meteorological Condition (VMC) display systems, such as synthetic vision systems, to promote flight crew attitude awareness similar to a day-VMC environment. This paper describes the results of a joint NASA/NAMRU-D study that evaluated virtual day-VMC displays and a “background attitude indicator” concept as an aid to pilots in recovery from unusual attitudes. Experimental results and future research directions under this CAST initiative and the NASA “Technologies for Airplane State Awareness” research project are described
Becoming a Master Manager : a competing values approach
No full textSummary: With this edition, we welcome a new coauthor, Rachel Sturm, to the author team. Rachel is a highly accomplished scholar who has received numerous teaching and research awards. We are pleased to have her contribution and insight as we continue to work on the competing values framework in this edition and in the coming years. Nearly four decades have passed since the competing values framework was originally developed. Becoming a Master Manager was one of the first management development texts to emphasize the importance, not only of a conceptual understanding of managerial skills, but also of the need to practice these skills through learning exercises. Over the intervening decades, management education has shifted decisively in the same direction, where the orientation is to learn by doing. A large number of skills-focused managerial texts is the evidence of the value of our original approach -- Provided by publisherhttps://corescholar.libraries.wright.edu/books/1233/thumbnail.jp
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