1,721,021 research outputs found
Assessing satisfaction of tourists visiting Italian museums: eviden from the eWOM
No full textMuseum visitors’ satisfaction is a priority asset for those museums aiming at being competitive in the cultural tourism sector. In this study, evaluations by visitor-tourists, left in their reviews on museums on the TripAdvisor platform, are analysed. Through web scraping, we collected comments for twelve Italian museums left during the year 2019. The content analysis focussed on components of the tourists’ satisfaction among Italian and foreign museum visitors, with emotional response, management, and exhibitions emerging as key concepts in museum’s evaluation. Noticeably, some elements emerged as divisive: i.e., they appeared both among less and most satisfied tourist-visitor
Women as main earners in Europe
Full text linkThis paper conducts a cross-sectional empirical research aimed at documenting that couples with women as main earners represent a non-negligible share of the European populations today. We identify the socio-demographic characteristics of couples with women as main earners in comparison to couples with men as main earners and couples with equal-earners. We undertake a comparative and cross-temporal approach using micro-level survey data for 18 European countries from the European Social Survey and two years, 2004 and 2010, covering the period before and during the economic crisis
"Badanti": I numeri, il regime giuridico e le condizioni lavorative
No full textIl contributo illustra alcuni dati relativi alle caratteristiche socio-demografiche ed economiche dei badanti stranieri domestici in Sicilia, tenendo in considerazione anche le dinamiche del fenomeno dell’ultimo decennio. Inoltre, dopo aver analizzato il regime giuridico riguardante il lavoro domestico, vengono esaminate le condizioni in cui effettivamente molte delle assistenti familiari svolgono il proprio lavoro
HIV Prevalence in some African Territories: Socio-Economic Drivers
No full textIn 2020, 35% of all HIV-positive people in the world lived in Eastern and Southern Africa. This work aims at assessing the relationship between socio-economic drivers and HIV prevalence at the sub-national level in these countries. The data used are drawn from the Demographic and Health Survey, in which a subset of respondents is tested for HIV. Using a fractional logistic regression model on clusters of individuals, middle-to-high wealth is positively associated with higher HIV prevalence, while a higher average number of children acts as a protective factor; moreover, higher proportions of people who have never been in sexual relationships lower their cluster’s HIV prevalence but HIV-positive people are more likely to use condoms at last intercourse
Domestic violence in Africa: a glance through the DHS survey
No full textRecent data states that 33 per cent of women in Sub-Saharan Africa are survivors of domestic violence. This work aims at assessing the association between women’s characteristics, their environment, and their history of violence in fifteen African countries. Three kinds of violence were explored: physical, emotional and sexual, each one exerted by the current partner. The data are from Demographic and Health Survey, in which a special module assessed domestic violence in female respondents. Using three independent logistic regression models, we found that witnessing violence of any kind has an effect on having a violent relationship, and while female empowerment is not protective, partners with high education are less likely to be violent
What keeps young adults in permanent poverty? A comparative analysis using ECHP.
No full textPrevious studies suggest that there are strong differences in the rates of youth poverty across European countries. Rather surprisingly, it is found to be high in Scandinavian countries, and relatively speaking, lower in Mediterranean and Anglo-Saxon countries. This somewhat unexpected finding prompts the question whether the incidence of poverty is an appropriate measure of youth disadvantage. Instead of considering poverty rates we consider the length of recorded poverty spells, taking into account explicitly the temporal sequencing of the episodes of poverty. Using the European Community Household Panel, individuals are classified into different groups of poverty permanence, each reflecting severity of social disadvantage. Based on these categories we implement a generalized ordinal logit model to assess the various factors associated with social disadvantage among youth. We find that cross-national patterns differ from those found in previous studies. In particular from our findings it does not result that poverty is highest among young people in Social Democratic countries. Our analysis shows important gender differences, though they are not the same across the countries included in the study. For some countries it turns out that being a woman is a protective factor against long-term poverty. As previous studies suggest, young individuals’ living arrangements matter
The geopolitics of civic honesty: the role of interpersonal and political trust amid varying degrees of mafia influence and state resilience
No full textCivic honesty—the moral standards that define citizens’commitment to the public good—serves a fundamental role in societal functioning. Prior research has emphasized the role of vertical trust (trust in institutions) and horizontal trust (trust in fellow citizens) in predicting the endorsement of such standards among citizens. However, this research has mainly focused on the political conditions typical of the Global North while neglecting environments where criminal organizations, such as mafias, challenge state sovereignty and its monopoly over governance functions. Using a mixed-effects multilevel model and an extended Johnson–Neyman method for multiple moderators, we analyzed the role of two crucial contextual factors (i.e., criminal groups’ influence and state resilience) on the relationships between trust and civic honesty across 84 countries (N = 132,602). Results revealed that vertical trust is positively associated with civic honesty in contexts where the influence of criminal groups is lower and state resilience is higher. However, this relationship reverses when the influence of criminal groups is stronger and state resilience is weaker, suggesting that, in these circumstances, trust in institutions may reflect trust in (and adherence to) a system that is corrupt. In contrast, horizontal trust was negatively associated with civic honesty only in states characterized by lower resilience. Policy implications and future research directions are discussed
Poverty permanence among European youth
Full text linkPrevious studies suggest that Scandinavian countries are the ones with the highest rates of youth poverty in Europe. This somewhat unexpected finding prompts the question whether the incidence of poverty is an appropriate measure of youth disadvantage. Instead of considering poverty rates we define here youth disadvantage in terms of the number of periods an individual is recorded to be below the poverty line. Using the European Community Household Panel, individuals are classified into different groups of poverty permanence, each reflecting severity of social disadvantage. Based on these categories we implement a generalized ordinal logit model to assess the various factors associated with social disadvantage among youth. In contrast to previous research, we find little evidence to suggest that young individuals in Scandinavian countries suffer higher levels of social disadvantage. Moreover there is no significant gender difference in Conservative and Social Democratic welfare regimes, but significant difference in Mediterranean and Liberal countries. As previous studies suggests, young individuals living arrangements matter
What is your couple type? Gender ideology, housework-sharing, and babies
Full text linkBACKGROUND It is increasingly acknowledged that not only gender equality, but also gender ideology plays a role in explaining fertility in advanced societies. In a micro perspective, the potential mismatch between gender equality (i.e. the actual sharing taking place in a couple) and gender ideology (i.e. gender equality in attitudes, as proxy for gender equity), may drive childbearing decisions. OBJECTIVE This paper assesses the impact of consistency between gender equality in attitudes and equality in the division of household labour on the likelihood of having another child, for different parities. METHODS Relying on two-wave panel data of the Bulgarian, French, Czech, Hungarian and Lithuanian Generations and Gender Surveys, we build a couple typology defined over gender attitudes and housework sharing.The typology identifies four types of couples: 1) gender unequal attitudes and gender unequal housework sharing; 2) gender equal attitudes and gender unequal housework sharing; 3) gender unequal attitudes and gender equal housework sharing; 4) gender equal attitudes and gender equal housework sharing. The couple types enter into a logistic regression model on childbirth. RESULTS The impact of the typology varies with parity and gender: taking as reference category the case of gender equal attitudes and gender equal division of housework, the effect of all the other couple types on a new childbirth is strong and negative for the second child and female respondents. CONCLUSIONS The consistency between gender equality in attitudes and the actual equality in housework sharing is only favourable for childbearing as long as there is gender equality in both the dimensions
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