623,598 research outputs found
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
No full textWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Replication Data for: Sequential Monte Carlo for Sampling Balanced and Compact Redistricting Plans
No full textRandom sampling of graph partitions under constraints has become a
popular tool for evaluating legislative redistricting plans.
Analysts detect partisan gerrymandering by comparing a proposed
redistricting plan with an ensemble of sampled alternative plans.
For successful application, sampling methods must scale to
maps with a moderate or large number of districts, incorporate realistic legal constraints,
and accurately and efficiently sample from a selected target
distribution. Unfortunately, most existing methods struggle in at
least one of these areas. We present a new Sequential Monte Carlo
(SMC) algorithm that generates a sample of redistricting plans converging
to a realistic target distribution. Because it draws many plans in
parallel, the SMC algorithm can efficiently explore the relevant
space of redistricting plans better than the existing Markov chain
Monte Carlo (MCMC) algorithms that generate plans sequentially. Our
algorithm can simultaneously incorporate several constraints
commonly imposed in real-world redistricting problems, including
equal population, compactness, and preservation of administrative
boundaries. We validate the accuracy of the proposed algorithm by
using a small map where all redistricting plans can be enumerated.
We then apply the SMC algorithm to evaluate the partisan
implications of several maps submitted by relevant parties in a
recent high-profile redistricting case in the state of Pennsylvania.
We find that the proposed algorithm converges
faster and with fewer samples than a comparable MCMC algorithm.
Open-source software is available for implementing the proposed methodology
Variations on the Author
No full text“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Effecting institutional change: The impact of some strategic issues on the integratiye use of IT in teaching and learning
No full textThis paper addresses the effective implementation of change through the identification of issues associated with three key institutional areas which, together, will ensure the effective'integration of multimedia technologies into teaching and learning. These are the need for a firm commitment of support at the institutional level, the development of an institutional strategy, with related staff‐development policies and programmes, and provision for students and academic staff to. acquire enabling IT skills through resource‐based learning as a means to maximize the benefits to be gained from the use of these new technologies. The essential conditions which ensure effective implementation ‐ communication between all stake‐holders, leadership by senior managers, responsive central services and a mixture of funding arrangements ‐ are discusse
Teaching and Learning Ethics Using an Audience Response System::Experiences From a Planning Perspective
No full textLive lectures are some of the most common learning experience for students, yet may be alienating and unequal learning spaces for students. This paper reports the literature review and preliminary experiences of a project, Audience Response Systems ENhancing interAction in Lectures (ARSENAL), which sought to increase lecturer-student dialogue and input into a module. The project investigated the specific use of TurningPoint for Level 5 students of planning and property development. The methodological approach taken was action research, building on the notion of the value of critical reflection for continuous professional development (Biggs, 1999). The paper details the innovation, assesses the use of the technology, and suggests ways in which audience response systems might help make the live lecture learning environment more inclusive and interactive
DESIGN-DRIVEN INNOVATION: SUSTAINABLE LUXURY HIGH SPEED RIGID WING HYDROFOIL
No full textThis paper reports on a new sector for leisure superyachts, building upon the high profile implementation of rigid wing and hydrofoil technology in the recent America Cup boats. The design meaning is that of a motoryacht with effectively a zero carbon footprint, achieved through the use of an automated control system for the rigid wings as the main form of propulsion. The hydrofoil provides significantly reduced drag and improved seakeeping in higher sea states. The technology is common on small boats, but due to the hull drag challenges of larger vessel an innovative implementation of a gas turbine powered water jet was used to get the vessel foil borne, which also charges the battery system. The use of solar cells and nature fibres for the construction of the vessel further enhances the sustainability. The vessel has a modular interior based on an aircraft track system, for which 3 distinctive GAs have been designed. This offers a significant level of configuration flexibility for charter and also creates a new charter market sector between charter and ownership, whereby the client can own an interior which is stored and transported in TEUs. The modular nature of the interior enables it to be fitted in 1/2 a day rather than a conventional refit which can take months. The exterior styling is informed by motoryacht trends. The LCA issues are addressed by extending the life of the vessel through ease of refit and significantly reduced operating CO2 footprint, effectively engaging in sustainable luxury
Contemporary Sex Offender Management, vol 1
No full textThis book, the first of two volumes edited by McCartan and Kemshall, focusses on perceptions of sexual offenders, and how risk is used by policy makers, stakeholders, academics and practitioners to both construct and respond to unknown and known sex offenders within the contexts of criminal justice, health and social policy. The chapters provide an oversight of contemporary policies, practices and debates within the area to help both professionals and researchers. The collection focuses on emerging areas (public health approaches, prevention, public perceptions of sexual abuse, and social constructionism), as well as more traditional topics (media, preventative and exceptional sentencing, resilience, and work force development). The authors examine public and professional engagement on sex offender management, and the changing socio-political landscape of sexual offender management. A bold and engaging volume, this edited collection will be of great importance to scholars and practitioners interested in perceptions of sexual offending
Oral care of HIV infected patients: the knowledge and attitudes of Irish dentists.
No full textAs the numbers of people with HIV infection and AIDS increase, so will the contribution required from dental practitioners. A postal questionnaire survey was therefore conducted among dental practitioners in Ireland to determine their knowledge and attitudes towards HIV infection and the issues it raises for them. Although a majority of dentists were aware of the facts related to AIDS and the spread and oral manifestations of HIV infection, there were considerable gaps in their knowledge with regard to dental management. Only 41% were prepared to be engaged in continued care of HIV infected patients while contradicting opinions were expressed on the risk of HIV transmission in dentistry and attitudes towards HIV seropositive patients and staff. Further educational efforts on HIV infection and its implications in dentistry should be directed towards dentists in Ireland.link_to_subscribed_fulltex
Mapping the Discipline of the Olympic Games An Author-Cocitation Analysis
No full textThe authors conducted an author cocitation analysis on prominent authors writing about the Olympics during the 1990s. Author cocitation is an established bibliometric technique that can be used to measure the relative similarities of topics written about by the cited authors. This enables a visual representation of the “intellectual space” of the discipline, in this case the Olympics, to be created for the period under review. So core and peripheral research areas are identified, along with their major contributors. The representation appears as a two-dimensional cluster-enhanced map. Subject expertise was then applied to the results to place labels on the generated clusters of authors and their topics
The vanishing author in computer-generated works: a critical analysis of recent Australian case law
No full textAbstract
The use of software is ubiquitous in the creation of many copyright works, yet the requirement in copyright law that every work have a human author who engages in independent intellectual effort means that its use may prevent copyright subsistence. Several recent Australian cases have refocused attention on authorship as an essential criterion of copyright subsistence, and these cases suggest that much computer-produced output may be authorless and thus lack copyright protection. This article, the first in a two-part series, analyses how each case deals with the question of authorship of computer-produced works and why the use of software diminishes copyright protection for a significant number of computer-generated works. The article critiques the application of conventional notions of human authorship developed in the pre-computer age to modern productions and suggests alternative approaches to authorship that satisfy both the major objectives of copyright policy and the need to adapt to the computer age. The article argues that, without a broader judicial approach to authorship of computer-generated works, Parliament must remedy the lacuna in protection for these ‘authorless’ works. Possible solutions for reform are suggested. In a forthcoming article, the author comprehensively examines those reform proposals
- …
