196,738 research outputs found

    Aegean and Aegean-type pottery from Ionian Apulia. New studies and provenance analyses

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    This paper concerns twenty-six Aegean or Aegean-type ceramic artefacts from two Bronze Age sites of Ionian Apulia. Eighteen pieces, almost unpublished, were found during the excavations carried out by F.G. Lo Porto in the long-lasting coastal settlement of Scalo di Furno (Porto Cesareo), the subject of a new study being edited by E. Matricardi. Another eight finds (only partially published) come from Caverna Dell’Erba (Avetrana), a natural cavity probably used for cult practices. The chrono-typological study of the artefacts has allowed us to date most of them to the Late Helladic IIIB and IIIC periods, corresponding to the Recent Bronze Age in Italian terms. Archaeometric analyses using the NAA method have made it possible to identify some specimens produced in different regions of Greece and others made in Apulia – either confirming or refining conclusions drawn from typological and macroscopic fabric analyses. With this approach it was possible, on the one hand, to expand our knowledge of exchange relationships with Aegean communities, and, on the other, to specify the typological range of so-called Italo-Mycenaean products as well as to better define the precise production regions of such ceramics in Apulia

    Grass pollen allergy

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    <b>The allergen sources</b>\ud \ud Grasses are ubiquitous throughout the entire world. In places with a temperate climate, members of the Pooideae subfamily (1) like Timothy grass (<i>Phleum pratense</i>), Orchard grass (<i>Dactylis glomerata</i>), Perennial ryegrass (<i>Lolium perenne</i>), and bluegrass (<i>Poa pratensis</i>) are the most common pollen sources. The pollen of this Pooideae subfamily shows extensive IgE cross-reactivity. Grasses have a pollinating season from May to August in Central Europe, peaking in June..

    Characteristics of visual evoked potentials related to the electro-clinical expression of reflex seizures in photosensitive patients with idiopathic occipital lobe epilepsy

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    Seizures provoked by visual stimuli may be induced by abnormal responses to light (photosensitivity) and structured patterns (patternsensitivity). In this study, we analysed visual evoked potentials (VEPs) in three different samples: i) 38 photosensitive patients (21 males, 17 females; mean age 10.0 ± 2.9 years) with idiopathic occipital lobe epilepsy and reflex seizures (RS); ii) 13 non-photosensitive patients (6 males, 7 females; mean age 11.7 ± 5.3) with idiopathic occipital lobe epilepsy; 20 healthy controls (12 males, 8 females; mean age 10.0 ± 3.4). After written informed consent, all subjects underwent a standard procedure of visual stimulation with intermittent light and pattern stimulation, under digital video-EEG recording. The EEG signal was processed off-line by averaging analysis for each stimulus to obtain the corresponding VEP. Comparisons among groups showed no significant differences for P100 latency. Higher P100 amplitude as well as higher after-discharge (AD) were found in photosensitive patients with RS. Thirty-seven of these patients had one or more RS during the procedure of stimulation for a total of 66 episodes. Significant increases of P100 amplitude and higher values of AD amplitude were found in relation to the occurrence of photoparoxysmal response (PPR) and/or seizures during full-field pattern stimulation. The increase in amplitude of the AD was higher when PPR was associated with seizures. The high amplitude of early VEP components confirms the abnormal hyperexcitability in the cortex of photosensitive patients with occipital lobe epilepsy. Moreover, the AD amplitude appears to be related to electro-clinical expression, being greater when PPR evolves into clinically evident seizures

    The use of IASI data to identify systematic errors in the ECMWF forecasts of temperature in the upper stratosphere

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    Since data from the Infrared Atmospheric Sounding Interferometer (IASI) became available in 2007, a number of papers have appeared in the literature which have reported relatively large discrepancies between IASI spectra and forward calculations in the centre of the CO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; Q-branch at 667 cm&lt;sup&gt;−1&lt;/sup&gt;. In this paper we show that these discrepancies are primarily due to errors in the temperature profiles used in the forward calculations. In particular, we have used forecasts of temperature profiles from the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF) to demonstrate that, for the case study considered in this paper, these profiles are affected by systematic errors of the order of ≈10 K at the level of the stratopause. To derive the magnitude and the spatial location of the systematic errors in the temperature profile, we have carried out forward/inverse calculations for a number of clear-sky, daytime, IASI tropical soundings over the sea. The forward calculations have been performed using atmospheric state vectors which have been obtained either from the direct inversion of the IASI radiances or from space-time co-located profiles derived from radiosonde observations and from the ECMWF model. To rule out any effect due to the accuracy of the forward model, we have performed the forward calculations using two independent models. The sensitivity of the temperature biases to the variability of the CO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; profile and to spectroscopy errors has also been studied

    The use of IASI data to identify systematic errors in the ECMWF temperature analysis in the upper stratosphere

    No full text
    Since data from the Infrared Atmospheric Sounding Interferometer (IASI) became available in 2007, a number of papers have appeared in the literature which have reported relatively large discrepancies between IASI spectra and forward calculations in the centre of the CO2 Q-branch at 667 cm−1. In this paper we argue that these discrepancies are primarily due to errors in the temperature profiles used in the forward calculations. In particular, we have used temperature profiles from the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF) analysis to demonstrate that for the case study considered in this paper, these profiles are affected by systematic errors of the order of 7–10 K at the level of the stratopause. To derive the magnitude and the spatial location of the systematic errors in the temperature profile, we have carried out forward/inverse calculations for a number of clear-sky, daytime, IASI tropical soundings over the sea. The forward calculations have been performed using atmospheric state vectors which have been obtained either from the direct inversion of the IASI radiances or from space-time co-located profiles derived from radiosonde observations and from the ECMWF analysis. To rule out any effect due to the accuracy of the forward model, we have performed the forward calculations using two independent models. The sensitivity of the temperature biases to the variability of the CO2 profile and to spectroscopy errors has also been studied
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