1,720,966 research outputs found
14 Examining the Red and Black Surfaces of Apulian Red-figured Pottery: Raw Materials and Technological Features
No full textThe red and black surfaces of Apulian red-figured pottery from significant sites located in various geographic- cultural areas in Apulia were investigated in order to test the hypothesis that local pottery production grew progressively independent of Attic manufacturing technology, its original inspiration. Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry (ICP-MS), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) with Energy Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy (EDS), Powder X-ray Diffraction (PXRD), and Raman Spectroscopy were used to obtain a complete chemical and mineralogical characterization of the surfaces. The archaeometric results indicate that despite being very similar externally, Apulian and Attic surfaces are in fact different, having been made with locally available raw materials and via similar but not identical manufacture. In particular, the finest fraction of terra rossa, very common throughout Apulia, was probably the raw material for black gloss. As for the red surfaces, various methods were employed to redden the whitish/grayish ceramic surface of Late Apulian vases, whose color is due to the coarse clay fraction used in producing them. Refined from the same clays as the body, a clayey engobe could have been applied to the body, or else a clayey layer enriched with iron oxides or a wash with ferruginous water. These are the expedients identified so far. It remains unclear why a clay coarse fraction was used, though typically discarded by Attic potters. It is unclear whether this choice was mechanically or structurally motivated, a more appropriate material being needed for the larger vases, characteristic of Late Apulian production, or if it was economically motivated, enabling significant savings in raw materials as compared with Attic red-figured pottery while still achieving visual effects like those of traditional technology. All the results support the hypothesis that at least since the 4th century B.C. Apulian production is distinct in character and completely autonomous from Attic traditions of production. The results also suggest that the potters in Magna Graecia profoundly understood pottery craftsmanship, as is evident in their deliberately selecting raw materials and their adopting suitable technologies for the specific needs of producing each vase
The Tetris game of scientific investigation. Increase the score embedding analytical techniques. Raw materials and production technology of Roman glasses from Pompeii
No full textA collection of 18 intensely coloured and variously decorated Roman glass coming from Pompeii and preserved at the National Archaeological Museum of Naples were investigated. The objects analyzed embrace a wide colour palette and several molding and decoration techniques. The analytical strategy here pursued embedded the use of optical microscopy (OM), scanning electron microscopy coupled with energy dispersive X-ray spectrometry (SEM-EDS), Raman spectroscopy and laser ablation-inductively coupled plasma-mass (LA-ICP-MS) aimed at understanding raw materials and production technology. The results achieved point out how, by means of analytical techniques sensibly integrated, archaeological questions can be solved and significant marks in know-how glass production can also be gained. The source of colours resulted in calcium antimonate (for white), lead-tin-antimony oxides (for yellow), copper (for red), iron and copper (for green), cobalt (for blue), manganese (for brown), calcium antimonate and copper/iron (for turquoise) and iron-sulphur chromophore for black/amber colour. Differently coloured parts belonging to the same object resulted made of glass of different compositions (soda-lime or lead-based). One fragment, notwithstanding the compatible glass matrix, did not seem consistent with Roman age glasses, because of the evidences (never observed before for Roman glasses) of a chrome-based raw material for green and calcium arsenate for white
A pottery jigsaw puzzle: distinguish true and false pieces in two Apulian red figured vases by a poli-technique action plan
No full textApulian red figured pottery is part of the most recognizable and appreciated artworks of Italian cultural heritage. The initial objective of the research was checking the non-authenticity of some parts of two important Apulian red figured vases, stored in the National Archaeological Museum of Naples and subjected, through the ages, to several unrecorded restorations. The results obtained, in addition to achieve the set goal, revealed the non-authenticity of the whole upper part of one of the two vases, supplied further knowledge on nineteenth century restoration techniques, for these vases never adequately described, but mostly underlined how the answers to the archeological questions can only arise from a detailed characterization of the materials, succeeded by a scientific multi-technique strategy. Specifically, the complete chemical–physical characterization of the samples was accomplished by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry, scanning electron microscopy coupled with energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, Raman and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopies
Chemical-phisical and morpho-mineralogical methodologies as tools for a fresh viewpoint on medieval graffita pottery
No full textShards of medieval glazed pottery with negative decoration, usually called graffita, coming from three different archaeological sites in Apulia werw examined by OM, SEM, EDS, ICP-MS.
The results obtained, based on similarities/differences of raw materials and technological features, allowed to enclose objects in two groups, reflecting the shared tendencies in taste in the medieval era across the Mediterranean area (11 th - 13 th centuries: Islamic style and Bizantine-styl
“Indagini archeometriche su vasi della collezione Intesa Sanpaolo” Atti del Convegno. Giornata di Studi. SAVOIR-FAIRE ANTICHI E MODERNI Pittori e officine ceramiche nell’Apulia di V e IV secolo a.C.
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Raw materials and technological changes in lime mortars and plasters from Egnatia in the Roman Age
No full textAn archaeometric study of Imperial oil clay lamps from Gnathia (Fasano-Brindisi, Southern Italy)
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