1,721,000 research outputs found
Capture-recapture methods to estimate prevalence indicators for evaluation of drug policies.
No full textIn this paper we compare capture-recapture procedures in the presence of a single source, to estimate the size of the population of drug users who risk being registered for personal use of drugs under Italian law, which for the first time implements this method in Italy for this particular subpopulation. Data sets are based on police registration data for the year 2007 and have been provided by the Italian Ministry of the Interior. In order to propose how the impact of policies could be evaluated, particular attention has been devoted to prevalence estimates for lower age classes (under 20 years), where prevalence can be considered as a good proxy for incidence; in fact, incidence indicators are more efficient in assessing the effect of policy intervention, but are more difficult to estimate
Capture-recapture methods to estimate prevalence indicators for the evaluation of drug policies
No full textIn the present paper several capture-recapture procedures in the presence of
a single source are compared to estimate the size of the population of drug users
that risks being registered for personal drug use under Italian law. It is the first
time that this method is used in Italy for this particular subpopulation. Data sets
are based on police registration data for the year 2007 and have been provided by
the Italian Ministry of the Interior. In order to propose a means of evaluating the
impact of demand-reduction policies, particular attention has been devoted to
prevalence estimates for the younger age groups (those under 20 years of age), for
whom prevalence can be considered as a good proxy for incidence; in fact, incidence
indicators are more efficient in assessing the effect of policy intervention but are
more difficult to estimate
Quaternary geomorphological evolution of the Tremiti Islands (Puglia, Italy).
No full textThe archipelago of the Tremiti Islands, situated in the centre of the Adriatic Sea, is considered, nationally and internationally, a very important geological laboratory in the area of connection between the central and southern Apennines, already rich in Cenozoic stratigraphic, structural and seismological data. This study discusses structural-geomorphologic data, with particular attention to features useful to define the islands' Quaternary evolution. The identification of the main morphogenic events is based on the study of landforms that are spatially and chronologically comparable with depositional/erosional features of the Quaternary continental succession. Analysis of geomorphology and Quaternary continental deposits supported by radiometric dating allows reconstruction of the islands' Quaternary evolution and provides some contributions at a regional scale
Laparoscopic and Robotic Surgery for Splenic Artery Aneurysm: A Systematic Review
No full textBackground: Splenic artery aneurysms (SAAs) are the most frequent visceral aneurysms, with a life-threatening risk in case of rupture. Our systematic review investigated the features of minimally invasive surgical approaches in vascular surgery for SAAs: robotic surgery and laparoscopy.
Methods: PubMed, EMBASE, and the Web of Science were systematically searched for robotic or laparoscopic surgery reports in SAA up to January 2020. The outcomes of the study were operative time, overall morbidity, intraoperative and postoperative complications, conversion rate, and length of hospital stay.
Results: A total of 40 studies (29 case reports, 8 case series, 1 randomized trial, 1 video, and 1 image), including 107 patients, were considered eligible for the review. Mean operative time was 164.2 ± 75.9 min (laparoscopy), 165 min (±75.6 min) and 150 min (±87.7 min) for robotic procedures. Four cases of conversion (4.8% of all laparoscopic procedures) were reported; no conversion in the robotic series was reported. Overall morbidity was 11.2%; the most common complications were postoperative spleen infarction and pancreatitis. Medium estimated blood loss was 105.2 mL (±239.5 mL) (robotic 186.6 (±202.4) mL, laparoscopic 63 (0-270) mL). Overall length of stay was 5.43 (±5.5) days (robotic 6.1 days and laparoscopic 5.5 days). Neither mortality nor reinterventions were observed in robotic and laparoscopic series.
Conclusions: In accordance with the available literature, laparoscopy and robotic surgery represent, in selected cases, a valid choice to treat SAAs. Multidisciplinary teams, comprehensive of vascular and general surgeons skilled in robotic and laparoscopic procedures, could permit to offer a tailored treatment for each patient. The rarity of this disease does not allow to perform randomized controlled trials; thus the possibility to reach definitive conclusions is currently precluded
Situs viscerum inversus and abdominal aortic aneurysm: A systematic review of a rare association
No full textSitus viscerum inversus (SVI) is a very rare condition in that abdominal and thoracic organs are located reversed. Abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) is a life-threatening pathology due to progressive aortic enlargement until the rupture. The association between SVI and AAA is very infrequent. The aim of this study is to identify the surgical procedures available to treat AAA in SVI. We performed a literature review of all studies about AAA in SVI patients, analyzing PubMed/MEDLINE, EMBASE, Web of Science (WOS), Google Scholar databases. The survey includes all publications until June 2023. The outcomes include demographic findings, type of surgical procedure, intraoperative and postoperative complications, follow-up. A total of 12 studies, including 12 patients, were considered eligible for the review. AAA mean size was 70.5 mm (range: 55–90 mm); the most common localization was in the infrarenal aortic portion. 6 studies reported data on elective surgery, and 6 on emergency procedures. In one case endovascular treatment was performed. No intraoperative complications are reported; 3 postoperative complications are registered. Medium follow-up period was 13.5 months (range: 3–60). According to the available literature, the treatment of AAA in SVI is feasible and does not show an incremented morbidity compared to patients with a normal visceral configuration. This treatment seems to be effective also in case of endovascular treatment. AAA treatment in SVI should be performed (especially in elective settings) in high volume centers where it is possible to bring on collaboration across different surgical specialists
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