1,720,985 research outputs found
Disformal transformation of cosmological perturbations
No full textAbstractWe investigate the gauge-invariant cosmological perturbations in the gravity and matter frames in the general scalar–tensor theory where two frames are related by the disformal transformation. The gravity and matter frames are the extensions of the Einstein and Jordan frames in the scalar–tensor theory where two frames are related by the conformal transformation, respectively. First, it is shown that the curvature perturbation in the comoving gauge to the scalar field is disformally invariant as well as conformally invariant, which gives the predictions from the cosmological model where the scalar field is responsible both for inflation and cosmological perturbations. Second, in case that the disformally coupled matter sector also contributes to curvature perturbations, we derive the evolution equations of the curvature perturbation in the uniform matter energy density gauge from the energy (non)conservation in the matter sector, which are independent of the choice of the gravity sector. While in the matter frame the curvature perturbation in the uniform matter energy density gauge is conserved on superhorizon scales for the vanishing nonadiabatic pressure, in the gravity frame it is not conserved even if the nonadiabatic pressure vanishes. The formula relating two frames gives the amplitude of the curvature perturbation in the matter frame, once it is evaluated in the gravity frame
Causal structure in the scalar–tensor theory with field derivative coupling to the Einstein tensor
No full textAbstractWe investigate the causal structure in the scalar–tensor theory with the field derivative coupling to the Einstein tensor, which is a class of the Horndeski theory in the four-dimensional spacetime. We show that in general the characteristic hypersurface is non-null, which admits the superluminal propagations. We also derive the conditions that the characteristic hypersurface becomes null and show that a Killing horizon can be the causal edge for all the propagating degrees of freedom, if the additional conditions for the scalar field are satisfied. Finally, we find the position of the characteristic hypersurface in the dynamical spacetime with the maximally symmetric space, and that the fastest propagation can be superluminal, especially if the coupling constant becomes positive. We also argue that the superluminality itself may not lead to the acausality of the theory
SIX-DIMENSIONAL BRANEWORLD COSMOLOGY
No full text We derive the brane cosmological solutions in the six-dimensional Einstein-Maxwell-dilaton theory, via dimensional reduction from the higher-dimensional Einstein-Maxwell theory. Two extra dimensions are compactified by a magnetic flux and two codimension-two branes are located at the boundaries. All the cosmological solutions approach an attractor in the later times. The attractor represents a simple power-law inflationary Universe whose power is simply given by the dilatonic coupling in the theory. Then, we discuss the properties of our solutions and deduce the cosmological implications. </jats:p
Cosmology in<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mml:mi>p</mml:mi></mml:math>-brane systems
No full text- …
