1,721,088 research outputs found
Scrittura e trauma: Quali processi psicologici di costruzione del significato dell’esperienza traumatica?
No full textA partire dall’ultimo ventennio le ricerche sulla scrittura espressiva si sono soffermate sulla valutazione delle health outcomes; poche hanno esplorato, entro un’ottica qualitativa, i processi psicologici di costruzione del significato dell’esperienza traumatica che sottostanno a questi effetti (Creswell et al., 2007). Il lavoro esplora i processi psicologici di costruzione del significato intorno all’evento traumatico in 23 scritti, strutturati secondo il GWDP (Gidron et al., 2002; Martino et al., 2012), di genitori di bambini con LLA in fase off-therapy. Gli scritti sono stati suddivisi in tre categorie in ragione del punteggio di psychological outcomes ottenuto, misurato attraverso somministrazioni testologiche ripetute. Gli scritti sono stati analizzati attraverso il metodo di codifica qualitativa proposto da Auberbach e Silverstein (2003). L’analisi ha permesso di rintracciare alcuni crocevia principali della significazione che prendono forma in modo diverso entro le differenti categorie di narrazioni: ricerca del significato (integrazione significato situazionale/globale), etichettamento e connessione emozioni/eventi, ri-valutazione dell’evento (finding benefit/post traumatic growth), ri-sincronizzazione del tempo. Nello specifico le narrazioni di genitori, i cui livelli di psychological outcomes peggiorano a seguito della scrittura, mostrano una difficoltà ad integrare l’evento nella propria vita, a mettere in parola e connettere emozioni/eventi. Gli scritti che si collocano entro un range buono di benefici ottenuti dalla scrittura sembrano utilizzare la narrazione quale possibilità di ritornare sugli eventi rivalutando quanto accaduto e aprendosi a nuove possibilità di significazione dell’esperienza. Gli scritti che si collocano entro un range ottimale di benefici ottenuti, sembrano, inoltre, riconoscere l’apporto ricevuto dal sistema di supporti sociali e ad integrare le proprie parti fragili e vulnerabili per accogliere l’evento come parte della propria storia. Entrambi i due ultimi gruppi appaiono alle prese, entro un processo open ended, con la possibilità di ri-sincronizzarsi con l’esperienza di vita attuale
Dream Narration in Healthy and At-Risk Pregnancy
No full textDuring pregnancy and the transition toward motherhood, a special time for the restructuring of the female identity and representational world, dreaming may play an important function in the psychic life. If we accept that psychological and psycho-social risk factors influence representation during pregnancy, this article explores, from a psychodynamic perspective, how the presence/absence of biological risk is represented into women’s dream narration. Forty dreams of pregnant women (20 healthy pregnancies/20 at risk) were audio-recorded and transcribed verbatim. We performed a thematic analysis of multiple correspondences to see whether the dreams recounted by the women in the 2 different categories had any specific characteristics. Four thematic clusters resulted, which, after interpretation using factorial mapping, fall into 3 sense vectors: from the unrepresentable to the representable; from dependency to reciprocal relationships; from undifferentiated to different. The work we did enabled us to observe that in healthy pregnancies dreams have a mainly elaborative function, whereas when there are risk factors, it seems to be difficult to construct a psychic representational spac
Post-Traumatic Growth in Cancer Survivors: Narrative Markers and Functions of The Experience\u27s Transformation
Full text linkThe concept that a traumatic experience, such as a cancer, can lead to a positive change and transformation of self, life and relationships was named as post-traumatic growth (PTG). A large amount of research measured PTG in cancer survivors arguing an interpretation of the construct as an outcome. Recently, qualitative research shows different types of narrative of PTG, but the narrative markers and their functions of transformation remain still unclear. Within a mixed-method, we aim to highlight the narrative markers and their transformative functions, underlying the PTG, within 12 cancer survivors’ narratives with medium/high and medium/low level of PTG. A redemptive sequence analysis was carried out. In the narratives with high/medium PTG we find a specific transformative function on-thinking focused transformation founded on the change/expansion of the own internal criteria to interpret the relationship with the world centralizing the self in the present and future; in the narratives with medium/low PTG we find an on-acting focused transformation, founded on the change of the operational procedures aimed to live centered on the present and on its moments
Health and Writing: Meaning-Making Processes in the narratives of parents of children with leukemia
No full textThis study assesses the effects of Guided Written Disclosure Protocol on psychological distress in mothers and fathers of off-therapy acute lymphoblastic leukemia children. An experimental group participated in the writing intervention with a control group subject only to test-taking standards. The Symptom Questionnaire and Profile of Mood States were administered at baseline, post-intervention, and follow-up. Guided Written Disclosure Protocol had significant effects on the progressive reduction of anxiety, depression, somatic symptoms, hostility, tension–anxiety, and fatigue–inertia within the experimental group. However, the control group distress levels tended to worsen over time. The mediating role of emotional processing was highlighted
Efficacia della scrittura narrativa come processo di elaborazione dell’esperienza traumatica della malattia
No full textTrauma, scrittura ed elaborazione in oncologia pediatrica. Una ricerca-intervento fondata sull’uso della scrittura espressiva con genitori di bambini affetti da leucemia.
No full textL’insorgenza di una patologia oncologica in età pediatrica si configura come un' esperienza traumatica per i genitori che accompagnano il faticoso iter di cura del figlio. Il disagio psicologico dei genitori, con diverse specificità, tende spesso a perdurare oltre il termine della patologia dando luogo ad esiti psicopatologici. In questo libro si valutano gli effetti del Guided Written Disclosure Protocol, GWDP, con genitori di bambini affetti da leucemia in fase off-therapy, attraverso misurazioni ripetute nel tempo di specifici sintomi psicologici e stati affettivi disfunzionali. Il GWDP, inteso come spazio volto a promuovere un processo di elaborazione dell' esperienza traumatica, si è rivelato un disposito efficace nella riduzione del disagio. Verranno discusse alcune peculiarità di genere nella valutazione degli effetti e nell'uso di specifici mediatori linguistici che hanno organizzato le narrazioni dei genitori. Il GWDP si è costituito quale spazio di sostegno all’integrazione dell’evento traumatico, di prevenzione e di promozione di una domanda di riflessione su di sè. Verranno proposte alcune linee guida inerenti l'uso della narrazione scritta entro tali contesti
Promoting Inclusion And Well-Being At Federico II University: A Preliminary Survey
No full textThe inclusion in HE has a key role in the personal and social wellbeing, in the retention in studies, prevention of drop-out and low performance. Within an health promotion background, the study aims to construct a quali-quantitative questionnaire as a "thermometer" to measure the inclusion and active participation of students to university. In a preliminary way, 230 questionnaires were administered to students attending courses in Psychology at Federico II University, Naples. We discuss the results emerged from the analysis of open answers of students about the difficulties lived in relation to the whole university path (up) and to a specific exam (se) to highlight the different contexts of meanings. We performed, through the T-Lab software, a cluster analysis and the projection of clusters and variables on the factorial plane. Results highlight three contexts of meanings: the big absent: finding the study method (44%) (SM); the difficulty to find the equilibrium (28%) (DE); the difficulty to manage the overload (28%) (DO). From factorial analysis emerged two factors. Strategic Positioning (STP) that opposes a more complex plan (DE/DO) with a specific one (se/SM). This factor shows two distinct positioning part of the same continuum as they are founded on the need to have a strategy to deal with (up) and (se). Self Positioning (SP), as search, represents the trajectory to deal with the confusion (DE/SM), that gives a passive positioning, to acquire a subjective positioning within an agentive dialogue with university. SP highlights, as a continuum, the attempt to integrate the different self-roles: student/person. The results offer, not only the limits, but also the direction of development to calibrate the interventions of the SInAPSi in a targeted way, supporting health inclusive processes and active participation, in line with the peculiarity of the context
Narrative Functions to support the meaning-making process during cancer traumatic experience in pediatric oncology
No full textThe onset of an illness such as acute lympho¬blastic leukemia in pediatric oncology is considered a traumatic event, not only for the child, but also for parents accompanying their child’s difficult thera¬peutic process; a child’s cancer is seen as a “family illness” with consequences that affect all its members. The psychological trauma, within a socio-constructivist and semiotics perspective of the mind, is related to the sudden and unexpected alteration of the basic elements that regulate the relationship between the subjects and the external world and to a crisis of the meaning processes that support the personal life story. This crisis of meaning destabilizes the subjective time perspective which is characterized by divisions, fractures, fragmentation, uncertainty towards the future, feeling of interruption and suspension of life, inability to reformulate past experiences that may persist over time. The narrative becomes the most important device to support meaning-making processes and for the reconfiguration of time perspectives aimed at supporting the traumatic experience, healing and development. Within the narrative paradigm, researchers highlight the existence of different types of narratives: narratives that fulfill a transformative function and integration of experiences and the construction of new meanings and narratives that do not pertain to that function. The narrative and the quality of the narrative output, in its form and in its content, convey different narrative functions that become indicators of a good, or not, process of construction of the meaning of experiences and integration of traumatic experiences. In our opinion we believe that the narrative output does not always it is transformative and healthy for the subject and therefore we consider necessary that the narrative, as a process, can be configured, within clinical settings, such as drivers of the transformation of meanings and regulation of the experiences. More frequently it is observed as the traumatic experience, especially in its beginning stage, be involved in and be put into words, we could say physiologically, to a disorganized and chaotic narrative. We believe that this represents a physiological passage where the narrative is disorganized or chaotic, however, a way of meaning and a way to manage the phases of shock and annihilation related to the beginning stages of such conditions.
Our aim is to reflect on the construction of a diachronic model capable to highlight the narrative functions of support to the process of meaning-making for parents that accompany the traumatic experience of a ill child. Integrating the contributions proposed by the narrative therapy and our research findings we present a narrative model, a set of compasses that guide the process of meaning-making of the traumatic experience, where the narration, in being a clinical device, fulfills and carries out various supportive functions to the meaning-making processes: Putting the Shattering and Annihilating Experience Into Words; Reordering the Events; Connecting Emotions and Events; Reevaluating the Event; Reconstructing the Time Process. In the first time, the narrative device contains and gives legitimacy to the pain without being able to scare and then fulfills a reconstructive and transformative function. Identify the different functions do not represent an ideal model of narrative into which lead parents but bushes and trajectories that can guide the clinical action towards subjective development areas. The operation of the fragmentation of narrative functions responds to a logic aimed at breaking up functions to re-construct the process. We believe that the promotion of the elaboration of the traumatic experience is the sum and the synergy of all aforementioned narrative functions designed to make past the experience and be able to build new meanings, on the basis of experience, and new synthesis between continuity and discontinuity of life. We believe that this diachronic support should not develop within a predetermined time or at least that this can not be defined a priori in a generalized way, but we can say that it develops in relation to the time of the illness and to the transiency of the meanings in the flow of time
L’UTILIZZO DELLA REFLEXIVE WRITING PER PROMUOVERE FUNZIONI RIFLESSIVE E AGENTIVE ENTRO I CONTESTI DI INTERVENTO DI PSICOLOGIA DELLA SALUTE
No full textIn letteratura è ancora acceso il dibattito sui processi riflessivi e sulla necessità di considerarli costituiti da livelli di complessità diversa(e.g. Moore, 2011). Entro una prospettiva semiotica e psicodinamica (Salvatore &Freda, 2011), è già stata presentata una concettualizzazione sui processi riflessivi che propone una distinzione tra reflection e reflexivity e ne articola il rapporto con i dispositivi narrativi (Freda, De Luca Picione, & Esposito, 2015).
Il contributo analizza 224 narrazioni di eventi critici scritte da 77 studenti universitari underachievers in ritardo con gli studi che hanno partecipato a degli interventi di gruppo nell’ambito del progetto Europeo INSTALL. L’intervento aveva l’obiettivo di promuovere competenze trasversali riflessive e life skills che favorissero l’inclusione accademica di tali studenti.
Le narrazioni sono state sottoposte ad un’analisi qualitativa di tipo funzionale (Ochs&Capps, 2011)con l’obiettivo di individuare funzioni narrative di reflection, reflexivity e agency, inteso quest’ultimo come costrutto interconnesso al processo riflessivo (Caston, 2011). Le funzioni sono state analizzate in ragione sia del modo in cui il narratore interpretava la discontinuità nell’immagine di sé generata dall’evento critico (Freda, 2011), sia in base a diverse tipologie di coerenza (cronologica, causale, tematica, autobiografica) con cui organizzava la narrazione (Habermas&Bluck, 2000).
I risultati hanno evidenziato che le narrazioni con funzioni di reflection attribuiscono la discontinuità generata dall’evento al sé, e mostrano una coerenza causale; quelle di reflexivity interpretano la discontinuità attribuendola al sé in relazione e presentano una coerenza tematica; quelle di agency, ad un sé potenziale in azione, e si caratterizzano per una coerenza autobiografica.
Saranno discusse le implicazioni dello studio in riferimento all’utilità di specifici media narrativi nel favorire, entro contesti di intervento gruppale di psicologia della salute, processi riflessivo-agentivi che promuovano benessere e inclusione universitaria
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