1,721,185 research outputs found
Infezione da virus BVD-MD nella bufala mediterranea. Patogenesi e risposta immunitaria di soggetti naturalmente infetti.
No full textInhibition of Akt in cytopathic bovine viral diarrhoea virus-infected epithelial bovine cells affects both intrinsic and extrinsic pathways of apoptosis.
No full textSviluppo di un modello "in vitro" per lo studio dell'infezione del sistema nervoso da Flaviviridae (BVDV e HCV)
No full textBovine herpesvirus type 1 modulates telomerase activity in madin darby bovine kidney cells
No full textThe proliferative capacity of mammalian cells is regulated by telomerase, an enzyme uniquely specialised for telomeric DNA synthesis. Evidence regarding the role of telomerase in the pathogenesis of several viruses including human immunodeficiency virus has led to an increased interest in the role of telomerase activity in other virus infections. Our data indicates that BHV-1 significantly up regulates telomerase activity at 3 and 6 hours post infection decreasing till undetectable values after 24 hours post infection
Characterization of immune system cells (mast cells, monocyto-macrophage derived cells, PBMC) obtained from peripherial blood, bone marrow, spleen, lymphonode biopsies in humans (HIV positive or negative) and dogs infected by Leishmania spp:a key diagnostic and therapeutic approaches
No full textLeishmaniasis is one of the most important infectious diseases worldwide. Currently, 12 million people in 88 (mostly develo-
ping) countries are infected with ~2 million new infections per year. 60.000 annual deaths result from leishmaniasis. A vacci-
ne does not exist at present and some treatment options are expensive and can cause major side effects (Scott et al., Immunol.
Rev. 2004, 201:318-338). The disease is caused by an obligate intracellular parasite inoculated into the skin by the bite of a
sand fly. Humans as well as small animals and dogs are natural reservoirs for the parasite. Visceral leishmaniasis (VL) is a li-
fe threatening disease characterized by uncontrolled parasitisation of spleen, liver, and bone marrow. The mechanisms under-
lying the failure to control the growth and systemic spread of leishmania parasites in VL are not well understood. While the
absence of antigen-specific Th1 responses in PBMC from VL patients is thought to be casually related to disease progression,
the finding that these patients also express elevated IFNgamma mRNA in lesional tissue, as well as elevated serum levels of
pro-inflammatory cytokines suggests that their immunologic defect cannot be simply explained by immune tolerance or Th2
polarization. As a possible homeostatic mechanism to control persistent infection-induced inflammation, elevated levels of
regulatory cytokines IL-10 have repeatedly been reported in clinical studies of VL (Nylén and Sacks, Trends in Immunol.
2007, 28:378-384). VL, caused by the protozoan parasite Leishmania infantum, is a sand fly-borne disease found in the Me-
diterranean area, Asia, and Latin America . In most of this range, the domestic dog is the main reservoir host (Gramiccia and
Gradoni, Int. J. Parasitol. 2005, 35: 1169-1180; Dantas-Torres F., Vet. Parasitol. 2007, 149:139-146). Dogs may suffer from a
severe disease characterized by chronic evolution of viscero-cutaneous signs, which occurs in fewer than 50% of infected
animals; however, both asymptomatic and symptomatic dogs can be infectious to phlebotomine vectors. Canine leishmaniasis
(CL) is a major veterinary and public health problem in traditional areas of endemicity, but also in areas where the disease is
not endemic but outbreaks are occasionally reported, such as in the United States and Canada and northern Europe
Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus pseudintermedius: epidemiological changes, antibiotic resistance, and alternative therapeutic strategies
Full text link: Staphylococcus pseudintermedius is a major opportunistic bacterial pathogen that belongs to the skin and mucosal microbiota of the dog. Since its global emergence around 2006, multidrug - methicillin-resistant S. pseudintermedius (MRSP) clones have become endemic worldwide. MRSP strains pose a significant threat to animal health and make antimicrobial therapy difficult due to their typical multidrug resistance phenotypes. The difficulty to treat MRSP infections using the current antimicrobials licensed for veterinary use has intensified research efforts to develop new treatment strategies and alternative anti-infective approaches to conventional antimicrobial therapy. The present narrative review outlines the latest changes in the epidemiology of MRSP with focus on the geographical distribution variability and antimicrobial resistance profiles in the main MRSP lineages. It also provides an overview of the effectiveness of currently available antimicrobials and the status of anti-infective alternatives to conventional antimicrobials.Recent studies have reported notable changes in the population structure of MRSP, with the emergence of new epidemic lineages, such as ST258, ST123, ST496, and ST551 in European countries and ST45, ST181, ST258, ST496 in non-European countries, which partly or totally replaced those that were initially prevalent, such as ST71 in Europe and ST68 in the US. Due to methicillin resistance often associated with the resistance to a broader number of antimicrobials, treating canine MRSP skin infection is challenging. Several alternative or supplementary treatment options to conventional antibiotics, especially for topical treatment, such as a novel water-soluble hydroxypyridinone-containing iron-chelating 9 kDa polymer (DIBI), antimicrobial peptides (AMPs), nanoparticles, and bacteriophages seem to be particularly interesting from a clinical perspective
Attività sul citoscheletro di polimorfonucleati bovini da parte di proteine maggiori della membrana esterna di Pasteurella multocida
No full textOn the problem of season and cold dependence of calcium transport by skeletal muscle sarcoplasmic reticulum.
No full textCalcium transport of skeletal muscle sarcoplasmic reticulum from golden hamsters was studied in January and in June on animals kept at 22 degrees C under natural photoperiod and in January after cold-acclimation at +/- 2 degrees C in the dark for 55 days. Crude homogenates from psoas and soleus muscles and from mixed skeletal muscles were used. No differences were observed in the calcium storing capacity of sarcoplasmic reticulum among the three groups of animals. Kinetic studies on the dependence of the calcium uptake rate on the concentration of free calcium revealed a significant increase of the uptake rates and a decrease of the calcium affinity in the control animals sacrificed in winter as compared to those killed in June. Cold-acclimation in winter leads to a further small reduction of the calcium affinity. This shift of calcium uptake rate and affinity in the sense of that of a fast-twitch muscle may be related to the functional demands of the cold season and cold-acclimation respectively
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