1,721,118 research outputs found
A macroeconomic evaluation of energy efficiency objectives using GDyn-E ita model
Full text linkIn questo lavoro sono valutati gli impatti macroeconomici degli obiettivi indicativi nazionali di efficienza energetica al 2020 e dell’obiettivo Europeo al 2030. In particolare, l’analisi è focalizzata su tre paesi dell’EU15, rappresentati da Italia, Germania e Spagna, dove è simulata anche l’introduzione di un fondo nazionale per l’efficienza energetica. Il modello di equilibrio economico generale GTAP è utilizzato nella sua versione dinamica energetica, denominata GDyn-E. Questo modello consente di calcolare gli impatti su variabili macroeconomiche chiave, come PIL, valore aggiunto settoriale e totale, commercio internazionale, occupazione. Le variabili considerate da GDyn-E sono analoghe a quelle incluse nelle Valutazioni di Impatto della Commissione
Europea. Il modello GDyn-E può essere usato in futuro per fornire ulteriori stime degli impatti delle politiche energetiche Europee in Italia e altri paesi membri. Le stime elaborate potranno essere affiancate a quelle esistenti così da ampliare il range degli impatti di medio lungo termine sottoposti a valutazione.The macroeconomic impacts of the 2020 energy efficiency national indicative targets, as well as those of the more recent EU 2030 objective, are assessed in this work. In particular, the analysis is focused on three EU15 countries, namely Italy, Germany and Spain, in which the introduction of national fund for energy efficiency is simulated.
The GTAP Computable General Equilibrium model is used, in its dynamic energy version GDyn-E. This model allows to compute the impacts on key macroeconomic variables, such as GDP, total and sectoral value added, international trade, and employment. The variables considered by GDyn-E are analogous to those included in the Impact Assessment documents elaborated by the European Commission. GDyn-E model could be used in the future to provide further estimates of EU energy policy impacts in Italy and other member countries. These estimates could be put together with the existing ones in order to enlarge the range of medium-term impacts available in policy evaluation
Valutazione macroeconomica dello scenario intermedio elaborato per la strategia energetica nazionale 2017
Full text linkQuesto lavoro è dedicato a proporre una valutazione macroeconomica di uno scenario energetico, denominato Scenario Intermedio, elaborato con il modello TIMES-Italia per la Strategia Energetica Nazionale 2017.
La stima preliminare delle implicazioni sull’economia italiana dello Scenario Intermedio è fornita dal modello GDyn-E, una versione energetica dinamico-ricorsiva del modello GTAP, comprensiva dell’elettricità generata dalle fonti energetiche rinnovabili.
Secondo l’approccio di uso congiunto tra TIMES-Italia e GDyn-E, i due modelli sono allineati per la parte emissiva e TIMES-Italia è usato come fornitore di input sia nello scenario di riferimento che in quello di policy.
Gli impatti macroeconomici dello scenario energetico sono sintetizzabili in una momentanea contrazione del tasso di crescita del PIL, che poi torna a crescere, e in una perdita di competitività internazionale relativamente ad alcuni settori industriali.This work is devoted to a macroeconomic assessment of an energy scenario, the Intermediate Scenario, elaborated by TIMES-Italy model for the National Energy Strategy 2017.
The preliminary evaluation of the impacts on the Italian economy of Intermediate Scenario is provided by GDyn-E model, an energy dynamic-recursive version of GTAP model, including electricity generated by renewable energy sources.
According to the soft-linkage approach between TIMES-Italy and GDyn-E, the two models are aligned for emission dimension and results from Times-Italy are used as input both in reference and policy scenarios.
The macroeconomic impacts can be summarised in a temporary reduction of GDP annual growth rate, which then returns to increase, and in an international competitiveness loss for certain industrial sectors
The Stern Review and its critics: implications for the theory and practice of benefit-costs analysis
No full textA Modified Environmental Kuznets Curve for Sustainable Development Assessment Using Panel Data
Full text linkSustainable development is a concept strictly connected with basic needs of the individuals. During the last years a number of empirical studies have tried to discover and quantify the causal relations between economic growth and environmental consumption and degradation. The most widely used empirical model is the so-called Environmental Kuznets Curve (EKC), nowadays applied to different polluting elements. Despite the huge diffusion of EKC studies, this model has been criticised for incompleteness of a sustainable development analysis. The aim of this paper is to build a Modified EKC (MEKC) in order to consider a wider concept of development rather than pure economic growth, including well-being aspects and sustainability of the development process. Using a macroeconomic measure of sustainability such as the World Banks Genuine Saving and a measure of well-being such as the United Nations Human Development Index, we build a model in order to analyse linkages between higher welfare levels and natural resources consumption, verifying the sustainability of human development. A panel analysis for three years (1990-1995-2000) for a wide range of countries (including developed and developing countries) has been applied in order to respond to criticisms related to conjunctural results linked to pure cross-section studies. Comparisons among alternative pollutants (i.e., CO2, NOX, and SOX) and GS are described, and the robustness of the MEKC clearly emerges. Furthermore, in order to respond to criticisms for the reduced form of the EKC, an Instrumental Variables model has been tested both on CO2 and GS, while a system of equations has been tested considering simultaneously a traditional EKC and a MEKC for a longer time period (1996-2004). Unit root tests for non-stationary series have been computed, showing that the IV model gives satisfactory results. An indicator for technological capabilities has been added at this stage, accounting for diffusion of technical progress and import technology as suggested by Archibugi and Coco (2004). Causal relations identified within a MEKC allow to identify correlation between human development and sustainable development, following the classic inverted U-shaped curve of the EKC. Nonetheless, comparing the turning points of the MEKC and EKC, respectively, it seems that using this alternative specification some useful policy implications apply. The threshold level of human development in the MEKC corresponds to an income per capita level lower than the threshold level for the EKC, confirming the possibility of tunnelling through the curve as suggested in Munasinghe (1999). Our results show that human development should be the first objective of international development policies, and an increase in human well-being is necessary to provide a sustainability path
A protected discharge facility for the elderly: design and validation of a working proof-of-concept
No full textWith the increasing share of elderly population worldwide, the need for assistive
technologies to support clinicians in monitoring their health conditions is becoming
more and more relevant. As a quantitative tool, geriatricians recently proposed the
notion of frail elderly, which rapidly became a key element of clinical practices for the
estimation of well-being in aging population. The evaluation of frailty is commonly
based on self-reported outcomes and occasional physicians evaluations, and may
therefore contain biased results.
Another important aspect in the elderly population is hospitalization as a risk factor
for patient’s well being and public costs. Hospitalization is the main cause of functional
decline, especially in older adults. The reduction of hospitalization time may
allow an improvement of elderly health conditions and a reduction of hospital costs.
Furthermore, a gradual transition from a hospital environment to a home-like one,
can contribute to the weaning of the patient from a condition of hospitalization to a
condition of discharge to his home. The advent of new technologies allows for the
design and implementation of smart environments to monitor elderly health status
and activities, fulfilling all the requirements of health and safety of the patients.
From these starting points, in this thesis I present data-driven methodologies to
automatically evaluate one of the main aspects contributing to the frailty estimation,
i.e., the motility of the subject. First I will describe a model of protected discharge
facility, realized in collaboration and within the E.O. Ospedali Galliera (Genoa, Italy),
where patients can be monitored by a system of sensors while physicians and nurses
have the opportunity to monitor them remotely. This sensorised facility is being
developed to assist elderly users after they have been dismissed from the hospital
and before they are ready to go back home, with the perspective of coaching them
towards a healthy lifestyle. The facility is equipped with a variety of sensors (vision,
depth, ambient and wearable sensors and medical devices), but in my thesis I primarily
focus on RGB-D sensors and present visual computing tools to automatically
estimate motility features. I provide an extensive system assessment I carried out onthree different experimental sessions with help of young as well as healthy aging volunteers. The results I present are in agreement with the assessment manually
performed by physicians, showing the potential capability of my approach to complement
current protocols of evaluation
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