1,720,980 research outputs found
Le prospettive dell'educazione plurilingue nel contesto del Friuli
No full textDopo aver tratteggiato la situazione di multilinguismo del Friuli-Venezia Giulia, il contributo analizza criticamente, e con particolare attenzione alla lingua friulana, lo stato attuale dell’educazione plurilingue nella regione: ne presenta brevemente gli specifici presupposti teorici, riassume le politiche di promozione linguistica alla luce della normativa vigente, passa in rassegna le più recenti iniziative di formazione degli insegnanti, individua alcune prospettive future sulla base delle esperienze didattiche, delle buone pratiche e delle innovazioni attuate negli ultimi anni
Bioactivity and cell metabolism of in vitro digested sweet cherry (Prunus avium) phenolic compounds
Full text linkIn this study, the bioaccessibility of phenolic compounds after in vitro gastrointestinal digestion of two cherry cultivars was assessed. The phenolic profile was modified during in vitro digestion, with a considerable decrease of total and individual phenolic compounds. Hydroxycinnamic acids and especially coumaroylquinic acids showed the highest bioaccessibility. Isomerisation of caffeoylquinic and coumaroylquinic acids was observed after in vitro digestion. Modification of the phenolic profile after digestion resulted in an increased or decreased scavenging activity depending on the assay. In vitro digested phenolic-rich fractions also showed antiproliferative activity against SW480 but no effect against Caco-2 cell lines. Both Caco-2 and SW480 cell lines were able to metabolise cherry phenolic compounds with remarkable differences. An accumulation of glycosylated flavonols was observed in SW480 medium. In conclusion, phenolic compounds from cherries and especially hydroxycinnamic acids were efficiently released and remained bioaccessible after in vitro digestion, resulting in antioxidant and antiproliferative activities
Comparative peptidomic profile and bioactivities of cooked beef, pork, chicken and turkey meat after in vitro gastro-intestinal digestion
Full text linkThis study was designed to investigate the potential contribution of bioactive peptides to the biological activities related to the consumption of pork, beef, chicken and turkey meat following in vitro gastro-intestinal digestion. After extraction of the peptidic fractions from digested samples, the bioactivities were evaluated by in vitro antioxidant activity as well as angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) and dipeptidyl peptidase-IV (DPP-IV) inhibition assays. Pork and turkey meat appeared to be the best sources of antioxidant peptides. Pork was found to be the best source of DPP-IV-inhibitory peptides whereas chicken meat supplied peptides with the highest ACE-inhibitory activity. The comprehensive analysis of the peptidomic profile of digested samples was performed by nano-LC-ESI-QTOF MS/MS analysis. A total of 217, 214, 257 and 248 peptides were identified in digested pork, beef, chicken and turkey meat, respectively. Chicken and turkey meat showed the highest similarity in peptide sequences with 202 common peptides. Sixty-two peptides matched with sequences with previously demonstrated biological activity. In particular, 35 peptides showed ACE-inhibitory activity and 23 DPP-IV inhibitory activity. Twenty-two bioactive peptides were commonly released from the different types of meat. The relative amount of identified bioactive peptides were positively correlated to the biological activities of the different digested meats.
Biological significance: The present study describes for the first time a comprehensive peptide profile of four types of meat after in vitro gastro-intestinal digestion. The peptide inventory was used to identify 62 bioactive peptides with ACE- and DPPIV-inhibitory and antioxidant activities. The bioactivity analysis revealed interesting and significant differences between the studied meats. The originality of this work lay in the description of intrinsic differences in physiological functions after the ingestion of meat proteins from different species. In a context in which the current research scene relates meat consumption to the onset of chronic pathologies, this peptide profiling and bioactivity analysis shed light on the possible health benefits of peptides released from meat proteins. In fact, this paper represents a sort of detailed peptide list that may help to predict which peptides could be generated after meat intake and detectable at gastro-intestinal level. It also provides a thorough investigation of novel biological activities associated to meat protein hydrolysates, giving a new positive aspect to meat consumption
Best Practices and Perspectives of the "Friulan Way to Plurilingualism" in the Light of New European Key Competences
No full textThanks to the intersection of Latin, Germanic and Slavic civilizations, Friuli Venezia Giulia is characterized by the coexistence of three branches of the Indo-European family. The intervention reports critically about the current plurilingual education in Friuli and about teacher training, considering the school as an agent of innovation
Proposte didattiche su una fiaba in friulano nel contesto plurilingue del Friuli
No full textNel contributo si illustrano alcuni metodi e tecniche di lavoro sul testo, secondo un approccio orientato al lettore e in riferimento a un contesto – quello del Friuli – caratterizzato dal contatto e dalla compresenza di diverse lingue autoctone a fianco dell’italiano standard e delle sue varianti regionali. Anche se in alcune zone della regione la didattica plurilingue coinvolge ormai da molti anni anche lo sloveno e il tedesco, il contributo si concentra in modo specifico su un brano friulano. La fiaba con cui ci si è confrontati, infatti, è sembrata particolarmente adatta allo scopo individuato, perché è già disponibile in due lingue: si tratta di "Pierissùt", fiaba tratta dalle "Tradizioni popolari friulane", raccolte dal folclorista carnico Luigi Gortani (Udine, Del Bianco, 1904); a questo testo friulano ha rivolto la propria attenzione anche Italo Calvino, il quale lo ha tradotto al fine di poterlo includere fra le "Fiabe italiane"
Characterization of dietary melanoidins and evaluation of the cytotoxic activity against colon cancer cells
No full textEmerging evidence from in vitro and in vivo studies suggested that the gastro-intestinal tract may be the key site for the biological action of food melanoidins. Recently, Vitaglione et al. reviewed the possible mechanisms by which coffee melanoidins may influence the risk of colorectal cancer development. In this work, we tested high molecular weight melanoidins (HMWM) extracted from different food sources for their cytotoxic activity against colon cancer cell lines. Water soluble HMWM were extracted by ultrafiltration (cut-off 10 kDa) from instant coffee, cocoa brew, dark beer and instant barley coffee. HMWM have been chemically characterized for their content in total polyphenols, protein, and polysaccharides, antioxidant activity as well as their spectroscopic properties. These extracts were assessed using two colon cancer cell lines: Caco-2 and SW480. Cytotoxic activity was assayed by MTT and data are presented as the dose that inhibited 50% control growth (IC50). All of the assessed HMWM were cytotoxic against Caco-2 cell line. Coffee HMWM were the most effective (IC50 of 1042 and 857 μg/mL after 24 and 48h of treatment, respectively) followed by dark beer, barley coffee and cocoa HMWM. Meanwhile, they are less effective against SW480 with coffee HMWM that were the most effective (IC50 of 2038 μg/mL after 48h) followed by cocoa, dark beer and barley coffee. Considering that the colon accumulates its content over at least 24h in a maximum volume of 2 litres, and that the daily intake of coffee melanoidins range between 0.5 and 2.0 g , it is possible to calculate a hypothetical concentration of coffee melanoidins in the colon between 0.25 and 1 mg/mL, which are values comparable to the IC50 for the cytotoxic activity against colon cancer cells
PEPTIDOMIC PROFILE OF IN VITRO DIGESTED BOVINE, CAMEL, GOAT AND SHEEP MILK
No full textMilk and dairy products have long traditions in human nutrition since they are a rich source of
nutrients such lipids, proteins, amino acids, vitamins and minerals. Nowadays, milk may also be considered
as a source of health-promoting compounds. Bioactive peptides deriving from milk proteins may play an
important role in the prevention and treatment of metabolic syndrome and its complications [1].
This study aimed to characterize the peptidomic profile of in vitro digested skimmed bovine, camel,
goat and sheep milk. Milk samples were in vitro digested following the harmonized INFOGEST protocol [2].
The peptide fractions were extracted from fully digested milk by ultrafiltration (cut-off 3 kDa) and the
permeate were characterized by nanoflow-LC-ESI-QTOF MS/MS analysis. Digestibility and biological activities
of the peptide fractions were also determined at the end of the digestion.
The results showed a faster and more efficient gastric and duodenal degradation of goat milk proteins
than camel, bovine and sheep milk. More than 100 peptides were identified in the permeate of digested milk,
most of them arising from beta-casein. Goat, sheep and bovine milk showed the highest similarity in peptide
sequences than camel milk. Peptides with previously demonstrated biological activities were found in the
permeate of all the milk samples after in vitro digestion. Biological activities analysis showed that bovine milk
peptides were the most effective in scavenging hydroxyl radical and in the inhibition lipid peroxidation.
Bovine milk was also the best source of DPPIV-inhibitory peptides (IC50=6.87 mg of peptides/mL) whereas
sheep milk was the best source of ACE-inhibitory peptides (IC50=625.4 μg of peptides/mL). The quantitative
diversity in the identified bioactive peptides explained the observed differences in the biological activities
Identification of ACE-inhibitory peptides from Phaseolus vulgaris after in vitro gastrointestinal digestion
No full textThe objective of this study was to identify the angiotensin I-converting enzyme (ACE)-inhibitory peptides released from thermally treated Phaseolus vulgaris (pinto) whole beans after in vitro gastrointestinal digestion. The degree of hydrolysis increased during digestion reaching a value of 50% at the end of the pancreatic digestion. The<3 kDa fraction of the postpancreatic sample showed high ACE-inhibitory activity (IC50=105.6±2.1 mug of peptides/mL). Peptides responsible for the ACE-inhibitory activity were isolated by reverse-phase high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Three fractions, showing the highest inhibitory activity, were selected for tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS) experiments. Eleven of the identified sequences have previously been described as ACE-inhibitors. Most of the identified bioactive peptides have a hydrophobic amino acid, (iso)leucine or phenylalanine, or proline at the C-terminal position, which is crucial for their ACE-inhibitory activity. The sequence of some peptides allowed us to anticipate the presence of ACE-inhibitory activity
Phenolic compounds profile and antioxidant properties of six sweet cherry (Prunus avium) cultivars
Full text linkSweet cherry (Prunus avium) fruits are a nutritionally important food rich in dietary phenolic compounds. The aim of this study was to investigate the phenolic pro file and chemometric discrimination of fruits from six cherry cultivars using a quantitative metabolomics approach, which combine non-targeted mass spectrometry and chemometric analysis. The assessment of the phenolic fingerprint of cherries allowed the tentative identi fication of 86 compounds. A total of 40 chlorogenic acids were identi fied in cherry fruit, which pointed out hydroxycinnamic acid derivatives as the main class of phenolics by number of compounds. Among the compounds detected, 40 have been reported for the first time in sweet cherry fruit. Hydroxycinnamic acids are also the quantitatively most represented class of phenolic compounds in the cherry cultivars with the exception of Lapins and Durone della Marca where the most representative class of phenolic compounds were anthocyanins and flavan-3-ols, respectively. This non-targeted approach allowed the tentative identi fication of the cultivar-compound relationships of these six cherry cultivars. Both anthocyanins and colorless phenolic compounds profile appeared to be cultivar-dependent. In detail, anthocyanins and flavonols patterns have the potential to be used for the determination of a varietal assignment of cherrie
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