1,720,984 research outputs found
Clinical and biological relationship between chronic lymphocytic thyroiditis and papillary thyroid carcinoma
No full textThe association between chronic lymphocytic thyroiditis and papillary thyroid carcinoma has been investigated for several years from different perspectives but with few attempts to design a common frame of reference to understand the complex mutual interactions between the various pathways of inflammatory response and of thyroid tumor induction and progression. This article reviews the current knowledge and research on this topic according to epidemiologic, immunobiologic, pathologic, and biomolecular points of view, highlighting achievements and lack of knowledge. It draws some conclusions and points at possible future directions for research. Copyright © 2009 Cognizant Comm. Corp
Action of HMGB1 on miR221/222 cluster in neuroblastoma cell lines
Get PDFmicroRNA (miR/miRNA) are small non-coding RNAs that control gene expression at the post-transcriptional level by targeting mRNAs. Aberrant expression of miRNAs is often observed in different types of cancer. Specific miRNAs function as tumor suppressors or oncogenes and interfere with various aspects of carcinogenesis, including differentiation, proliferation and invasion. Upregulation of miRNAs 221 and 222 has been shown to induce a malignant phenotype in numerous human cancers via inhibition of phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN) expression. Neuroblastoma is the most common extracranial solid malignancy in children, which is characterized by cellular heterogeneity that corresponds to different clinical outcomes. The different cellular phenotypes are associated with different gene mutations and miRs that control genetic and epigenetic factors. For this reason miRs are considered a potential therapeutic target in neuroblastoma. The aim of the present study was to investigate the mechanisms by which extracellular high mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) promotes cell growth in neuroblastoma. SK-N-BE(2) and SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma derived cell lines were transfected with the antisense oligonucleotides, anti-miR-221 and -222, followed by treatment with HMGB1 to investigate the expression of the oncosuppressor PTEN. In this study, it was demonstrated that HMGB1, which is released by damaged cells and tumor cells, upregulates miR-221/222 oncogenic clusters in the two human neuroblastoma derived cell lines. The results revealed that the oncogenic cluster miRs 221/222 were more highly expressed by the most undifferentiated cell line [SK-N-BE(2)] compared with the the less tumorigenic cell line (SH-SY5Y) and that exogenous HMGB1 increases this expression. In addition, HMGB1 modulates PTEN expression via miR-221/222, as demonstrated by transiently blocking miR-221/222 with anti-sense oligonucleotides. These results may lead to the development of novel therapeutic strategies for neuroblastoma
Thyroid cancer and lymphocyte apoptosis: immunological approach for clinical surveillance and management
No full textRecurrent pregnancy loss is associated with modification of adipokines and HMGB1 serum levels
No full textIncreasing diagnostic accuracy for thyroid nodules by an integrated multivariate approach: a methodological study.
No full textObjectives: Current guidelines for diagnostic management of thyroid nodules are based on a linear approach, using categorial classifications to cluster diagnostic findings and they still lead to unnecessary surgery. A diagnostic scoring system, based on clinical, cytological and ultrasound findings is described. Materials and Methods: Two groups of patients (168 and 55 pts) were used to compute a multivariate model and the discriminating threshold by ROC curves. The performance of the derived scoring system was assessed by a simulation on a third group of 60 patients, who had undergone surgery according to current guidelines. Results: The scoring system displayed a sensitivity of 100%, specificity 53.3%, positive and negative predictive values of 68.1% and 100%. According to the scoring system, 16 out of 60 operations would have been saved. Conclusions: A scoring system can take into account in a more accurate way the full informative content of the fine-grained description of diagnostic and clinical features
Survivin and cyclin D1 are jointly expressed in thyroid papillary carcinoma and microcarcinoma
No full textIn order to define more effective predictive markers for clinical management and prognosis, we evaluated the expression of cyclin D1 and survivin in large papillary thyroid carcinoma (LPTC) and microcarcinoma (PTM). Sixty-seven patients operated for papillary carcinoma (36 of which with PTM) were considered. Immunochemistry for cyclin D1 and survivin was performed in samples from tumor mass and nodal metastases. There were not significant differences between LPTC and PTM as to patients personal data, TNM or MACIS staging, nodal invasion and multi-focality, while capsular invasion was significantly more frequent in LPTC. Cyclin D1 and survivin were expressed at a very high rate and almost to the same extent in LPTC and PTM, both in tumoral mass and in nodal metastases. Survivin showed only cytoplasmic expression. Cyclin D1 and survivin over-expression are probably early events in tumorigenesis of thyroid papillary carcinoma but their full role in the process of tumor progression and their clinical value are still to be investigated
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