1,721,048 research outputs found
Choosing the appropriate pharmacotherapy for hepatitis B during pregnancy: what are the considerations?
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What is the role of the new β-lactam/β-lactamase inhibitors ceftolozane/tazobactam and ceftazidime/avibactam?
No full textCurrent concepts and future strategies in the antimicrobial therapy of emerging Gram-positive spontaneous bacterial peritonitis
No full textSafety of hydroxychloroquine for treatment or prevention of SARS‐CoV‐2 infection: A rapid systematic review and meta‐analysis of randomized clinical trials
Full text linkAbstract Introduction Hydroxycloroquine (HCQ) has been extensively studied for treatment and prevention of coronavirus diseases 2019 (COVID‐19) from the start of the pandemic. Conflicting evidence about its usefulness has begun to accrue. Methods In the face of controversial results about clinical efficacy of HCQ, we performed a rapid systematic review to assess its safety in the framework of COVID‐19 randomized clinical trials. Results Five studies investigating 2291 subjects were included. The use of HCQ was associated with higher risk of adverse event compared with placebo or standard of care: odds ratio 4.57, 95% confidence interval 2.14–9.45. Conclusion Safety profile of HCQ appears to be unsatisfactory when used to treat or prevent COVID‐19, especially in the light of unproved clinical benefit
Re: Persistent COVID-19 in immunocompromised patients-Israeli Society of Infectious Diseases consensus statement on diagnosis and management by Meijer et al
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Hepatitis B mother-to-child transmission and infants immunization: we have not come to the end of the story yet
No full textDefining the role of asymptomatic and pre-symptomatic SARS-CoV-2 transmission - a living systematic review.
Full text linkBACKGROUND
Reports suggest that asymptomatic individuals (those with no symptoms at all throughout infection) with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) are infectious, but the extent of transmission based on symptom status requires further study.
PURPOSE
This living review aims to critically appraise available data about secondary attack rates from people with asymptomatic, pre-symptomatic and symptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infection.
DATA SOURCES
Medline, EMBASE, China Academic Journals full-text database (CNKI), and pre-print servers were searched from 30 December 2019 to 3 July 2020 using relevant MESH terms. Study selection Studies that report on contact tracing of index cases with SARS-CoV-2 infection in either English or Chinese were included. Data extraction Two authors independently extracted data and assessed study quality and risk of bias. We calculated the secondary attack rate as the number of contacts with SARS-CoV-2, divided by the number of contacts tested. Data synthesis Of 927 studies identified, 80 were included. Summary secondary attack rate estimates were 1% (95% CI: 0%-2%) with a prediction interval of 0-10% for asymptomatic index cases in 10 studies, 7% (95% CI: 3%-11%) with a prediction interval of 1- 40% for pre-symptomatic cases in 11 studies and 6% (95% CI: 5%-8%) with a prediction interval of 5- 38% for symptomatic index cases in 40 studies. The highest secondary attack rates were found in contacts who lived in the same household as the index case. Other activities associated with transmission were group activities such as sharing meals or playing board games with the index case, regardless of the disease status of the index case.
LIMITATIONS
We excluded some studies because the index case or number of contacts were unclear.
CONCLUSION
Asymptomatic patients can transmit SARS-CoV-2 to others, but our findings indicate that such individuals are responsible for fewer secondary infections than people with symptoms. Systematic review registration PROSPERO CRD42020188168
A rare association of liver abscess and rhabdomyolysis induced by Klebsiella oxytoca
Full text linkIntroduction: We report the case of a 76-year-old male who was hospitalized with severe dehydration, pain in the hepatic region, and weakness in the limbs. Methodology: A contrast-enhanced abdomen CT and a contrast-enhanced ultrasound identified a large liver abscess. The patient underwent percutaneous drainage of the abscess. Results: The culture examination, analyzed by multiplex polymerase chain reaction test, showed the presence of Klebsiella oxytoca. The laboratory report identified a resistance mechanism involving a plasmid-mediated SHV-1 extended-spectrum-beta-lactamase (ESBL). Conclusions: K. oxytoca is a Gram-negative bacterium and is potentially associated with a large variety of infections. The association between the liver abscess by K. oxytoca and rhabdomyolysis had not yet been described in the literature
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