1,721,296 research outputs found
Past and Present Migration: A Multi-Disciplinary Approach
No full textThe book comprises multi-disciplinary contributions from both continents dealing with the economic, political and sociological impact of migration. It aims to shed light on the complex nature of migratory movements and use the past as a way to better understand current challenges. The goal of the book and the core of the research effort is to address a variety of migration issues involving Europe and the Americas in order to offer new insights and expand our comprehension of the multiple challenges associated with migration both in the countries of origin and those of destination
The Role of Local Socio-Economic Integration in Italian Asylum Adjudications
No full textThis chapter focuses on the Italian case and explores if judges’ final decisions in granting humanitarian protection actually consider asylum seekers' level of integration into the society of residence. More precisely, analyses focus on the appeal stage and, therefore, consider asylum applications rejected at first instance by Territorial Commissions and re-examined by Italian Civil Courts.
Adopting a mixed-method approach, the chapter aims to understand if, and to what extent, asylum seekers’ level of integration is a potential determinant in favouring judges to grant humanitarian protection at the appeal stage. Findings reveal that, by and large, factors of integration are deeply considered by Italian judges in the decision to grant humanitarian protection, but employment status and language proficiency seem to be more important than other factors
Cosa sarò e farò da grande? Gli immaginari futuri dei pre-adolescenti della Generazione Z
Full text linkRecensione al volume di Saveria Capecchi e Maria Grazia Ferrari, "L’inventrice di robot e lo youtuber", Milano, Franco Angeli, 2023
La violenza nelle relazioni intime. La trasmissione intergenerazionale degli abusi contro le donne, di Federica Santangelo (Milano, Franco Angeli, 2017)
No full textLe conquiste ottenute dalle donne negli ultimi anni sono state indubbiamente numerose, ma le resistenze sociali a riconoscere la parità di genere sono ancora molteplici e non riguardano solo le differenze salariali o le diverse opportunità di accesso al mercato del lavoro e di carriera. A tal proposito, un esempio chiarificatore è offerto da Federica Santangelo in questo volume dedicato al tema della violenza subita dalle donne nelle relazioni intime. Fin dalle prime pagine il lettore è in grado di cogliere il filo rosso che guida l’intero volume: i meccanismi sociali che portano a forme di discriminazione nei confronti delle donne sono difficili da rimuovere, perché profondamente radicati nella cultura di una società. Questi meccanismi si riflettono anche nel modo in cui le istituzioni e la società reagiscono e trattano temi delicati, quali quello della violenza subita. "La violenza nelle relazioni intime" è un libro molto denso sotto molteplici punti di vista: teorico, contenutistico e metodologico. E, soprattutto, "La violenza nelle relazioni intime" non costituisce affatto il punto di
arrivo, ma è il punto di partenza per approfondire il tema della violenza
Recensione a: Bozzetti A., Oltre la selezione scolastica. I giovani di origine straniera all’università, Bologna, Bononia University Press, 2021.
No full textCon questo lavoro, Bozzetti getta luce su un fenomeno ancora embrionale, ma sociologicamente rilevante e in rapida crescita e, per questo, meritevole di attenzione. Nello specifico, il volume – articolato in quattro capitoli contenuti fra un’introduzione e una nota metodologica iniziali e alcune riflessioni conclusive – si pone il duplice obiettivo di esplorare e spiegare, da un lato, le caratteristiche della popolazione di origine straniera iscritta all’università italiana e, dall’altro, di ricostruire e comprendere come e quali fattori strumentali e/o attitudinali abbiano favorito la transizione verso l’istruzione terziaria.
Nel complesso, il volume costituisce un serio lavoro di ricerca empirica capace di coniugare in modo armonioso dati quanti- e qualitativi. Il carattere locale dell’indagine – incentrata sul solo Ateneo bolognese – non sminuisce la portata di questo lavoro, ma evidenzia come, ancora oggi, sia molto (troppo) difficile esplorare il fenomeno della presenza straniera nelle istituzioni scolastiche e formative. Le fonti statistiche ufficiali si limitano a fornire dati amministrativi che non permettono di quantificare e investigare le trasformazioni in atto nel tessuto sociale. A questi limiti conoscitivi si aggiungono, inoltre, i vincoli dettati dal rispetto della normativa sulla privacy, che sta rendendo difficile ai ricercatori l’accesso a tali fonti
Comparing redistributive efficiency of tax-benefit systems in Europe
Full text linkIn empirical analysis, the Kakwani index is the most frequently used indicator for
comparing progressivity across countries and over time. The Kakwani is often assumed
to measure to what extent a policy design is targeted to the poor. It has, however, a major
drawback: it is not defined for net tax incidence—that is, the whole system of taxes and
benefits. Moreover, it is defined over different intervals for different pre-tax income
distributions and different average tax rates. This paper proposes an extension to Kakwani
index based on the concept of relative redistributive efficiency that is not affected by these
drawbacks. The Redistributive Efficiency index was compared to the Kakwani index for
taxes/benefits in EU countries by using Euromod baselines. In addition, the Redistributive
Efficiency index was computed on the whole tax-benefit system; that is, taxes and
benefits were evaluated together. Only Ireland and the UK combine high levels of
redistributive efficiency with a relevant amount of tax revenues and social expenditures.
They obviously obtain very high redistribution, above 15 points. Most of the countries
considered show an intermediate level of redistribution (between 7 and 12 points), but
with a different mix. A group of Central and Northern European countries plus Slovenia
and Hungary combine medium levels of redistributive efficiency and medium size, while
some Southern European countries (Spain and Portugal) and new members compensate
a rather low amount of transfer and taxes with quite high levels of efficiency. The
remaining new member states and Southern EU countries show a very low level of
redistribution, below 7 points. Interestingly, they vary in the level of tax burden and of
resources devoted to benefits but all of them show a poor Redistributive Efficiency. This
suggests that low Redistributive Efficiency plays a key role in explaining why certain
countries perform a limited amount of redistribution
The distributive impact of tax evasion in Italy
Full text linkThe authors adopt a “direct approach” and microsimulation techniques to measure distributive effect of tax evasion in Italy. Previous research found that income declared in the SHIW was, on average, higher than the equivalent figures on the tax authority’s files. The percentage of incomeconcealed from the tax authorities decreased with income; consequently, if tax had notbeen evaded, disposable income would have been distributed in a slightly less equal.The present study is going to adopt their same approach, albeit with an explicitexamination and discussion of the question of whether the observed redistributive effectsof tax compliance is a result of re-ranking produced by tax evasion. Our results suggest that the assumptions made regarding re-ranking effects are bound to play a major role in redistributive effects estimations
Older parents and filial support obligations: a comparison of family solidarity norms between native and immigrant populations in Italy
Full text linkAlthough older migrants in Southern Europe are increasing in number, relatively little attention has been paid to their care needs and resources. The availability of informal care is an important determinant of wellbeing in later life and norms regulating filial obligations have an important role in affecting the quality and quantity of support received. Using data from a qualitative survey conducted in Italy, this article sheds light on the social norms regulating filial obligations towards older parents among natives and three groups of immigrants: Maghrebis, Chinese and Filipinos. The results indicate a number of commonalities between the four different groups considered, such as: the principle of delayed reciprocity at the basis of filial support obligations; a gender bias in attributing the most psychologically, physically and time-demanding caring obligations to adult daughters and daughters-in-law; and a preference for intergenerational residential autonomy shared by Italian, Filipinos and, to a lesser extent, Maghrebi respondents. At the same time, numerous differences emerge between natives and immigrants, and between immigrant groups. The most significant differences are observed regarding: the possibility of resorting to a paid care-giver, which is more common among Italians and, to a lesser extent, Filipino respondents; and a stronger gender bias among the Chinese and Maghrebi groups, i.e. they attribute the majority of personal care responsibilities to daughters and daughters-in-law
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