3,592 research outputs found
Performance of Modal Signaling vs. medium dielectric variability
No full textThis paper addresses the feasibility of the so-called Modal Signaling (MS) transmission scheme from a stochastic viewpoint. MS has been proposed for crosstalk mitigation over interconnects and is based on the encoding of signals onto fundamental transmission-line modes. However, the design of drivers and receivers strongly depends on the physical characteristics of the channel. In this paper, the impact of random variations of these properties on MS effectiveness is efficiently analyzed by means of Polynomial Chaos (PC) techniqu
Stochastic Evaluation of Parameters Variability on a Terminated Signal Bus
No full textThis paper addresses the simulation of the effects on a high-speed data link of external factors due to fabrication tolerances or uncertain loading conditions. The proposed strategy operates in the frequency domain and amounts to generating a suitable set of stochastic models for the different blocks in which the data link can be decomposed. Each model is based on the expansion of the block chain parameter matrix in terms of orthogonal polynomials. This method turns out to be accurate and more efficient than alternative solutions like the Monte Carlo method in determining the system response sensitivity to parameters variability. The advantages of the proposed approach are demonstrated via the stochastic simulation of a PCB application exampl
Polynomial Chaos Helps Assessing Parameters Variations of PCB Lines
No full textThis paper presents an effective solution for the analysis of long PCB interconnects with the inclusion of uncertainties resulting from different sources of variation, like temperature or fabrication process, on both the structure and loading conditions. The proposed approach is based on the expansion of the well-known frequency-domain telegraph equations in terms of orthogonal polynomials. The method is validated by means of a systematic comparison with the results of Monte Carlo simulations, for an application example involving a coupled-microstrip interconnect on PC
Alternative SPICE Implementation of Circuit Uncertainties Based on Orthogonal Polynomials
No full textThe impact on circuit performance of parameters uncertainties due to possible tolerances or partial information on devices can be effectively evaluated by describing the resulting stochastic problem in terms of orthogonal polynomial expansions of electrical parameters and of circuit voltages and currents. This contribution formalizes a rule for the construction of an augmented instance of the original circuit, that provides a systematic solution approach for the unknown coefficients of the expanded electrical variables. The use of SPICE as a solution engine of the augmented circuit is straightforward, thus providing a convenient and efficient alternative to the conventional approach SPICE uses for uncertainty analysis. An application example involving the stochastic simulation of a digital link with variable substrate parameters demonstrates the potential of the proposed approach
Comparison of Stochastic Methods for the Variability Assessment of Technology Parameters
No full textThis paper provides and compares two alternative solutions for the simulation of cables and interconnects with the inclusion of the effects of parameter uncertainties, namely the Polynomial Chaos (PC) method and the Response Surface Modeling (RSM). The problem formulation applies to the telegraphers equations with stochastic coefficients. According to PC, the solution requires an expansion of the unknown parameters in terms of orthogonal polynomials of random variables. On the contrary, RSM is based on a least-square polynomial fitting of the system response. The proposed methods offer accuracy and improved efficiency in computing the parameter variability effects on system responses with respect to the conventional Monte Carlo approach. These approaches are validated by means of the application to the stochastic analysis of a commercial multiconductor flat cable. This analysis allows us to highlight the respective advantages and disadvantages of the presented method
La valutazione economica dei diritti relativi alle prestazioni sportive dei calciatori: profili teorici ed operativi
No full textIl contributo si pone l’obiettivo di analizzare la tematica della valutazione dei diritti pluriennali relativi alle prestazioni sportive dei calciatori tramite un approccio di tipo empirico che consenta di verificarne la rispondenza tra il prezzo di mercato e il valore economico. In particolare, il lavoro approfondisce le possibili metodologie di stima, identificandone una che sembra meglio adattarsi alle stime in questione. Tale metodologia viene applicata ad un caso di studio per apprezzare l’attendibilità e l’idoneità a svolgere il ruolo di guida per l’individuazione del prezzo teorico di riferimento da pagare per l’acquisizione delle titolarità dei diritti oggetto d’analisi
Tackling unintended consequences of EU sanctions: NGOs' advocacy for humanitarian exceptions
No full textSanctions are increasingly prominent foreign policy tools, but research on the policy process that leads to specific sanction design is limited. Sanctions can have unintended effects on the provision of humanitarian aid in sanctioned countries, which has led to calls for humanitarian exceptions in
sanction design. This study focuses on non-governmental organizations’ (NGOs) advocacy for a humanitarian perspective on European Union (EU) sanctions in the period 2020–2021. Building on the Advocacy Coalition Framework and the triangulation of qualitative data sources
including interviews and document analysis, this study describes an advocacy coalition of humanitarian NGOs in Brussels, their advocacy strategies and the effectiveness of these strategies. The analysis highlights the coalition’s common policy beliefs and documents three advocacy strategies: coalition building, knowledge leadership and lobbying. The analysis then traces the link between these strategies and recent policy changes, namely, clearer European Commission guidelines on the implementation of humanitarian derogations. This policy change was further facilitated by policy brokers and an external shock, the Covid-19 pandemic. The findings shed light on an understudied design feature of sanctions, i.e., humanitarian exceptions, and on the role of non-governmental actors in shaping sanction designs
Transient Analysis of PCB Lines with the Inclusion of Parameters Uncertainties
No full textThis paper presents an effective solution for the transient analysis of long bus-like interconnects with the inclusion of geometrical and material uncertainties of the structure. The proposed approach is based on the expansion of the well-known frequency-domain telegraph equations in terms of orthogonal polynomials and on the back conversion to time domain via Fourier superposition. The method is validated by means of a systematic comparison with the results of Monte Carlo simulations, for an application example involving a PCB coupled-microstrip interconnect with uncertainties in the relative dielectric permittivity and trace separatio
Rozpor ako východisko, láska ako smer u Simone Weilovej (Contradiction as base, Love as direction in writings of Simone Weil)
No full textArticle is explaining contradiction and love, Simone Weil‘s essential terms of hermeneutics of human Being. It introduces close relation of these terms with her understanding of God as well as with her overall concept of religion. Author also mentions Simone Weil‘s inspirations with philosophical and spiritual concepts of the East
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