1,721,541 research outputs found
First Prize "Zdenek Burianec Memorial"
No full textPrimo premio "Zdenek Burianec Memorial Award" presso "the 10th Conference Process Integration, Modelling and Optimisation for Energy Saving and Pollution Reduction" con l'attività di ricerca: "Flavio Manenti, Model Based Projective Monitoring of Process Unit Performances under Uncertainties, Chemical Engineering Transactions"
Transient Operations in Acid Gas Injection Units
No full textProcess industries might have different reasons for analyzing operational transients and, jointly, carrying out process operator training simulators. For instance, unsteady events can easily lead to upset operating conditions such as vibrations, pressure loads, high local fluid velocity and mechanical erosion, which jeopardize safety and equipment reliability. Also, process performances can be compromised during transients as operating conditions can depart from optimal ones.
On this subject, the paper analyzes and models in depth an acid gas injection unit involving a series of centrifugal compressors. A detailed dynamic simulation is developed to enhance the comprehension of rotating units throughout the process transients. Moreover, an appropriate plant-wide control scheme is proposed in order to rapidly dampen the surge conditions due to the process transients
Processo per operare su un fluido di lavoro secondo un ciclo termodinamico frigorifero
No full textProcesso per operare su un fluido di lavoro secondo un ciclo termodinamico frigorifero
comprendente le fasi cicliche di:
5 a) evaporare un fluido di lavoro allo stato liquido in una unità di evaporazione (10)
generando un flusso di vapore; il fluido di lavoro presentando condizioni iniziali di
temperatura e pressione;
b) comprimere almeno una porzione del flusso di vapore proveniente dalla fase a)
in una unità di compressione (20) aumentando temperatura e pressione del flusso di vapore;
10 c) condensare cedendo calore verso un ambiente esterno almeno una porzione del
fluido di vapore compresso proveniente dalla fase b) mediante una unità di condensazione
(30) generando un flusso di condensato;
d) laminare almeno una porzione del flusso di condensato proveniente dalla fase c)
mediante una unità di laminazione (40) abbassando temperatura e pressione del flusso di
15 condensato per ottenere il fluido di lavoro sostanzialmente alle condizioni iniziali di
temperatura e pressione;
e) inviare il fluido di lavoro proveniente dalla fase d) alla fase a);
la fase a) prevede surriscaldare il flusso di vapore mediante dissoluzione di almeno un
soluto non volatile nel fluido di lavoro e riscaldamento della soluzione ottenuta fino a
20 raggiungimento della temperatura di ebollizione della soluzione e conseguente produzione
di vapore surriscaldato essenzialmente costituito dal fluido di lavoro, detta soluzione
presentando una temperatura di ebollizione superiore alla temperatura di ebollizione del
fluido di lavoro
Process for operating a working fluid according to a steam thermodynamic cycle to produce work
No full textIn order to overcome the aforementioned problems, a process and related system
3
was devised to operate a working fluid producing superheated vapour without the use of
additional critical units or intermediate phases to reduce the apparatus footprint and
improve process efficiency.
5 Thus, the subject matter of the present invention is a process for operating a working
fluid according to a steam thermodynamic cycle to produce work comprising the cyclic
steps of:
a) compressing a working fluid by means of a pumping unit (10) increasing
temperature and pressure of the working fluid, the working fluid having initial temperature
10 and pressure conditions;
b) heating the compressed working fluid by means of a first heating unit (20);
c) evaporating the working fluid at the heated and compressed liquid state in an
evaporation unit (30) generating a steam flow;
d) expanding the steam flow from step c) in an expansion unit (40);
15 e) condensing at least a portion of the expanded steam fluid from step d) by means
of a condensation unit (50) to obtain the working fluid substantially at the initial
temperature and pressure conditions;
f) sending the working fluid from step e) to step a);
characterised in that step c) provides for superheating the steam flow by at least partially
20 dissolving at least one non-volatile solute in the working fluid and heating the solution
obtained until the boiling temperature of the solution is reached and consequent production
of superheated steam essentially consisting of the working fluid.
Advantageously, the process and system of the present invention make it possible
25 to improve the efficiency of heat exchange in the cycle and to reduce the total volume of
4
the system for the same power compared to the prior art.
Advantageously, the process and system of the present invention allow for
improved efficiencies compared to Rankine cycles with superheated steam.
Advantageously, the process and system of the present invention for the respective
5 system on which the process is implemented also allow a:
• Reduction in investment costs
• Reduction in operating costs
• Reduction in maintenance costs
• Reduction in monitoring and control cost
PROCESS FOR THE PREPARATION OF SYNGAS FROM CARBONACEOUS WASTE MATERIAL.
No full textThe applicant has now found a process for the production of syngas, which uses CO2 as a
starting material, which does not require large amounts of hydrogen and which moreover uses
waste carbonaceous material, without resorting to large amounts of hydrogen.
This process, which forms the object of the present invention, comprises the following stages:
- a stage a) comprising the reaction [R1] in which the carbonaceous material is reacted with
25 carbon dioxide to obtain carbon monoxide according to the following reaction scheme:
[R1] CO2 + C = 2 CO;
- a stage b) of producing hydrogen and adding it to the carbon monoxide obtained in stage a) to
obtain syngas,
characterized in that stage b) comprises at least one of the following stages:
30 b1) the carbon monoxide from the previous stage is reacted with water vapour to obtain carbon
dioxide and hydrogen according to the following reaction scheme:
[R2] CO + H2O = CO2 + H2
b2) producing hydrogen by electrolysis of water, which is added to the carbon monoxide from
stage a).
2
A further object of the present invention is the unit in which stages a) and b1) are carried out,
as well as the relative apparatus comprising the aforementioned uni
Nuovo processo e relativo apparato per la riduzione e il riutilizzo della CO2
No full textProcesso di produzione di syngas a partire da materiale di scarto carbonioso e CO2
comprendente i seguenti stadi:
5 uno stadio a) comprendente la reazione [R1] nella quale si fa reagire il materiale carbonioso
con anidride carbonica per ottenere monossido di carbonio secondo il seguente schema di
reazione:
[R1] CO2 + C = 2 CO;
uno stadio b) di produzione di H2 e di relativa addizione al monossido di carbonio ottenuto nello
10 stadio a) per ottenere syngas,
in cui lo stadio b) comprende almeno uno dei seguenti stadi:
b1) si fa reagire il monossido di carbonio proveniente dal precedente stadio con vapore acqueo
per ottenere anidride carbonica e idrogeno secondo il seguente schema di reazione:
[R2] CO + H2O = CO2 + H2
15 b2) si produce l’idrogeno mediante elettrolisi dell’acqua, che viene addizionato al monossido
di carbonio proveniente dallo stadio a).
L’invenzione riguarda anche l’unità in cui vengono condotti gli stadi a) e b1) nonché il relativo
apparato comprendente la suddetta unità
"Excellence in Simulation" Award
No full textPremio "Excellence in Simulation" per il Progetto "Advances in Plant-wide Design and Control by Process Dynamic Simulation".
Invensys Grant University Program.
Agosto 2007, Lake Forest, Los Angeles, California, US
From reacting to predicting technologies: A novel performance monitoring technique based on detailed dynamic models
No full text- …
