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Hippomane mancinella (detalle)
No full textDetalle del ejemplar de Hippomane mancinella colectado por J. Arturo S. Magallanes (3640
Hippomane mancinella
No full textEjemplar de Hippomane mancinella colectado por J. Arturo S. Magallanes (3640
Hippomane mancinella Linnaeus 1753
No full textHippomane mancinella Linnaeus, Species Plantarum 2: 1191. 1753. "Habtatin Caribaeis saepius inundatis." RCN: 7303. Lectotype (Wijnands, Bot. Commelins: 103. 1983): [icon] "Juglandi affinis arbor julifera, lactescens, venenata pyrifolia, Mançanillo Hispanis dicta" in Sloane, Voy. Jamaica 2: 3, t. 159. 1725. - Typotype: Herb. Sloane 5: 55 (BM-SL). Generitype of Hippomane Linnaeus (vide Green, Prop. Brit. Bot.: 195. 1929). Current name: Hippomane mancinella L. (Euphorbiaceae). Note: Fawcett & Rendle (Fl. Jamaica 4: 328. 1920) treated material in LINN (presumably 1146.1) as the type, but this is evidently a post-1753 addition to the collection and not original material for the name.Published as part of Jarvis, Charlie, 2007, Chapter 7: Linnaean Plant Names and their Types (part H), pp. 557-585 in Order out of Chaos. Linnaean Plant Types and their Types, London :Linnaean Society of London in association with the Natural History Museum on pages 574-575, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.29197
Манцинелове дерево Hippomane mancinella L. (Euphorbiaceae Juss.) – найнебезпечніше дерево у світі
No full textThe paper generalizes data on the little-known and unique plant species of the Euphorbiaceae family Hippomane mancinella L. (manchineel tree). Due to its toxicity, the plant has been little studied, is absent in botanical gardens’ collections, and lacks research on its toxic properties and measures to prevent poisoning. While it is listed in the Guinness Book of Records as the world’s most poisonous plant, Hippomane mancinella has been known since the times of Theophrastus, was described by the poisoned members of Christopher Columbus’ crew in 1493, and is popularly called the “death apple.” Its plants are distributed in Central America, the Caribbean islands, the Bahamas, and as far south as Venezuela and Colombia, preferring coastal beaches and mangroves. The manchineel tree is usually a monoecious tall shrub or tree, with all its parts, namely leaves, bark, flowers, and fruits, containing a viscous, highly poisonous milky sap – a characteristic feature of all Euphorbiaceae. The sap has a strong irritating effect, causing dermatitis, skin burns, and ophthalmitis. When eaten, the fruit leads to severe food poisoning, which requires emergency medical care. The plant’s irritating effect and toxicity are related to its highly toxic components: physostigmine alkaloid, sapogenin, hydrocyanic acid, forbol esters, and hypomanin A. Despite its poisonousness, the manchineel tree can be used for household and medical purposes and is valued for its decorative and durable wood. The plants are of great environmental importance in their habitats, as their deep roots stabilize sands, reduce beach erosion, and form windbreaks. The Hippomane mancinella species is of significant research and consumption interest. The biological characteristics and poisonous properties of the Hippomane mancinella species plants require in-depth scientific and experimental research, as well as expanding informational and educational activities.Робота присвячена узагальненню відомостей про маловідомий унікальний вид рослин родини Euphorbiaceae Hippomane mancinella L. (Манцинела). Внаслідок своєї отруйності рослина мало досліджена, не представлена в колекціях ботанічних садів, відсутня достатня інформація про її отруйні властивості та заходи запобігання отруєнню. Занесена до книги рекордів Гіннеса як найотрутніша рос лина світу, проте Hippomane mancinella була відома з часів Теофраста, описана отруєними членами команди Христофора Колумба у 1493 р., отримала народну назву «яблуко смерті». Рослини розповсюджені в Центральній Америці, на остро вах Карибського моря, Багамських островах і на півдні до Венесуели та Колумбії, надаючи перевагу приморським пляжам та мангровим хащам. Манцинела зазви чай це однодомний високий кущ або дерево, усі частини якого: листки, кора, квітки, плоди містять тягучий, дуже отруйний молочний сік – характерна ознака усіх молочайних. Сік має сильну подразнюючу дію, викликаючи дерматит, опіки шкіри, офтальміт. Вживання плодів призводить до тяжкого харчового отруєння, що потребує швидкої медичної допомоги. Подразнююча сила та отруйність рослини пов’язана з наявністю високотоксичних компонентів: алкалоїду фізо стигміну, сапогеніну, синильної кислоти, ефірів форболу, гіпоманіну А. Не зва жаючи на отруйність, манцинела має побутове та медичне застосування, цінується за декоративну міцну деревину. Велике екологічне значення рослин в місцях їх зростання, оскільки своїми глибокими коренями вони стабілізують пісок, зменшують ерозію пляжів, утворюють вітрозахисні смуги. Вид Hippomane mancinella представляє великий науковий та споживчий інтерес. Біологічні особливості та отруйні властивості рослин виду Hippomane mancinella потребують поглибле них науково-експериментальних досліджень, розширення виховної та інформа ційно просвітницької діяльності
IS THERE A RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN HIGH C-REACTIVE PROTEIN (CRP) LEVELS AND DEMENTIA?
No full textInflammation is believed to play a pivotal role in dementia, but its role is still unclear. The aim of our study was to analyze the interplay among markers of inflammation, such as fibrinogen and high CRP levels, and dementia. First, we performed a cross-sectional study comparing markers of inflammation between 99 patients affected by dementia (mean age:. 83.0 +/- 0.6 years) and 99 controls (mean age: 83.9 +/- 0.7 years). Then, we analyzed the relationship between inflammation and dementia in the same population composed by 34 Alzheimer's disease (AD) patients (mean age: 83.4 +/- 0.8 years), 64 vascular dementia (VaD) patients (mean age: 82.7 +/- 0.8 years) and 99 controls. Patients affected by dementia had higher CRP levels than controls (2.6 +/- 0.2 vs. 0.7 +/- 0.1 p < 0.001, respectively). AD patients had higher CRP levels than VaD patients (4.2 +/- 0.6 vs. 1.7 +/- 0.2, p < 0.001, respectively). Stepwise multiple logistic regression analysis showed that dementia (odds ratio = OR = 4.965, 95% confidence interval = CI = 1.402-13.23, p = 0.04), fibrinogen (OR = 1.011, CI = 1.007-1.015, p < 0.001), and age (OR = 1.158, CI = 1.063-1.261, p < 0.001) are independently correlated with high levels of CRP. The study suggests that inflammation may have a pathogenetic role in AD
Diabetes and metabolic syndrome (MS)
No full textThe MS is associated with increased morbidity and mortality for cardiovascular disease (CVD). MS is represented not only by metabolic alteration such as hyperglycemia, and hyperlipemia but also by a chronic pro-inflammatory state. Another responsible in the formation and progression of CVD is the so-called endothelial dysfunction, which is linked to insulin resistance itself. The common denominator of the MS is insulin resistance. The most convincing evidence for the existence of MS comes from the cluster analysis which outlines four main factors: the "metabolic factor", the "pressure factor", the "lipid factor" and the "obesity factor". It is clear that the presence of the MS appears to identify a substantial additional cardiovascular risk on top of the individual risk factors. The studies available in the literature have pointed out the beneficial effects, in terms of cardiovascular mortality, of the treatment with inhibitors of the 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase (statins): this reduction of risk has been observed despite the fact that high triglyceride and low high-density lipoprotein (HDL)-cholesterol levels, but not hypercholesterolemia, are the main features of the dyslipidemia observed in patients with MS. Yet, despite a normal low-density lipoprotein (LDL)-cholesterol level, patients with MS are at high risk for future CVD. For this reason, their treatment with statins is mandatory. © 2007 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved
A rare familiar case of hereditary bisalbuminemia and diabetic predisposition: A possible predictive link?
No full textWe present a case report of hereditary bisalbuminemia in an Italian family with three affected members. Bisalbuminemia represents a genetic variant of the albumin, it will then be permanent, or acquired and then be transient. It is characterized by the presence of two albumin bands in electrophoresis: the first band with the same mobility of the normal albumin, the second band with a fast variable or a slow variable. The double band of albumin was detected fortuitously on a routine analytical study of an adult woman who was referred to our laboratory with an increase of fasting glucose value, this originated the study of the rest of the members of the family. Finally, it is like the genetic peculiarity of this family core show a possible predictive link between bisalbuminemia on one hand and the predisposition to type II diabetes mellitus on the other hand. As a result of such high probability we are eager to continue further search at our medicine predictive centre. (C) 2009 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved
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