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    Perturbation theory of nonlinear resonators with an application to Kerr-lens mode locking

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    The beam propagation in nonlinear optical systems and resonators is formulated by means of operators, and a perturbation method is used to solve, to the first order, the problem of calculation of the nonlinear losses caused by intracavity nonlinearities. Steady-state situations and weak nonlinearities are assumed, but no other restrictions concerning the type of nonlinearity and the resonator structure are imposed. The main result is a simple, closed-form expression of the resonator-loss perturbations that can be determined without the preliminary calculation of the nonlinear self-consistent cavity field, and it has a clear physical interpretation. As an example of an application, a formula for the nonlinear losses of resonators used for Kerr-lens mode locking is derived in the context of Gaussian modes. The result, which is valid for any type of resonator, is numerically illustrated in a few cases of practical relevance

    Multielement stable resonators containing a variable lens

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    A unified formulation for the analysis of linear stable resonators containing a lens of variable focal length, which represents the rod of a solid-state laser, and other intracavity optical systems is presented. The stability, the mode spot sizes, the dynamical stability, and the misalignment sensitivity are investigated, and general properties that are valid for any resonator are derived. Some important practical consequences for resonator design are discussed
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