224 research outputs found
Felix Oppenheim e l'analisi della libertà sociale
No full textSummary. This article aims to discuss the concepts of social freedom and freedom of choice in the writings of Felix E. Oppenheim. The author argues that Oppenheim’s analysis of the concept of social freedom undervalues the significance of a double distinction: between action and choice of the agent, between opportunity and capacity (of action and choice). On this basis, the author presents a neutral definition of the concepts of overall freedom and social freedom, which distinguishes the concept of freedom, conceived like lack of external constraints on the agent, from that of capacity or power
Brain Determinism and Free Will
No full textThe article focuses on the issue of brain determinism, by examining two recent neuroscientific
experiments (Libet’s and Haynes’ experiments about conscious acts). Such experiments
aim to show a cerebral determination of the agent’s free choices. The author argues that
even if their conclusions were true, that would not eliminate the common use of the concept
of free will and the attribution of moral responsibility
Procreative Beneficence Toward Whom?
No full textThis article deals with a discussion of Savulescu’s impersonal version of the Principle of Procreative Beneficence and its relationship with a person-affecting Principle of Harm in order to evaluate the cases of selection of which child to have. It aims to show some problems in Savulescu’s attempt to arrange the two principles (the conflict between beneficence and harm, the limitation of beneficence to pre-conception selection, the extension of benefi cence to different quantity people choice), and to propose an alternative version of Procreative Beneficence (a narrow person-affecting version), in order to avoid these problems
Bioetica
No full textLe scelte concernenti il trattamento della vita possono riguardare tutti: dal medico al paziente, dallo scienziato al politico, dal giurista al cittadino comune. La bioetica, inerente alla valutazione morale di queste scelte, si è imposta negli ultimi decenni come un tema fondamentale della discussione pubblica nelle società occidentali. Il volume è un’introduzione filosofica alla disciplina e ne discute i problemi più rilevanti: l’aborto e la fecondazione assistita, l’ingegneria genetica e la clonazione, l’eutanasia e il trapianto d’organi, il trattamento degli animali e della natura. Delineando i rapporti della bioetica con l’etica e la filosofia, l’autore individua gli argomenti utilizzati in risposta a tali problemi e mette in luce il persistente disaccordo nelle principali soluzioni prospettate
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