492 research outputs found
Appendix | Attracting Highly Skilled Migrants to Guangzhou, China: A Policy Commentary
No full textAppendix to the chapter Wei Li, Ling Ma, Yining Tan and Meixin Liu (2022) Attracting Highly Skilled Migrants to Guangzhou, China: A Policy Commentary, International Development Policy | Revue internationale de politique de développement 14 | 2022, URL: http://journals.openedition.org/poldev/482
Performance comparison and evaluation of web development technologies in PHP, Python and Node.js
No full textLarge scale, high concurrency, and vast amount of data are important trends for the new generation of website. Node.js becomes popular and successful to build data-intensive web applications. To study and compare the performance of Node.js, Python-Web and PHP, we used benchmark tests and scenario tests. The experimental results yield some valuable performance data, showing that PHP and Python-Web handle much less requests than that of Node.js in a certain time. In conclusion, our results clearly demonstrate that Node.js is quite lightweight and efficient, which is an idea fit for I/O intensive websites among the three, while PHP is only suitable for small and middle scale applications, and Python-Web is developer friendly and good for large web architectures. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first paper to evaluate these Web programming technologies with both objective systematic tests (benchmark) and realistic user behavior tests (scenario), especially taking Node.js as the main topic to discuss. ? 2014 IEEE.EI
Numerical investigation of oblique detonation waves on a truncated cone in hydrogen-air mixtures
No full textTraditional methods of initiating oblique detonation waves (ODWs) using wedges and cones face a fundamental challenge in reconciling the need for rapid initiation with stable combustion, especially at low flight Mach numbers (Ma < 8). This study introduces an innovative initiation configuration involving a truncated cone. By utilizing Euler equations coupled with detailed hydrogen-air chemical reaction models, the wave dynamics induced by the truncated cone configuration are systematically explored. The findings reveal that the truncated cone configuration enables more rapid initiation of ODWs compared to conventional cones, while also preserving improved stability when contrasted with wedge. This behavior can be attributed to the planar flow characteristics in the post-shock field of truncated cone, generated by the upstream wedge-shaped shock, and the Taylor-Maccoll flow characteristics, caused by the downstream conical shock. Furthermore, the study delves into the initiation and morphological changes with respect to the inner radius and angle of the truncated cone. As inner radii or truncated cone angle increase, three initiation wave systems emerge: stable, oscillatory, and detached modes. Analysis of the dynamic variations in pressure and velocity within the induction zone highlights that the upstream oscillation originates from the flow velocity in the induction zone falling below the local Chapman-Jouguet velocity of normal detonation wave (NDW). However, the upstream region of the truncated cone exhibits more pronounced expansion effects, leading to momentum loss, and subsequently, the weakening and even vanishing of the NDW. This prompts the downstream oscillation of the initiation structure, instigating a cyclic oscillation pattern
Air Pollution in a Northwest Chinese Valley City (2020–2024): Integrated WRF-HYSPLIT Modeling of Pollution Characteristics, Meteorological Drivers, and Transport Pathways in Yining
No full textThis study investigates the characteristics, meteorological drivers, and transport pathways of air pollution in Yining City from 2020 to 2024 based on meteorological records and air pollutant monitoring data. An integrated modeling approach combining the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model and the Hybrid Single-Particle Lagrangian Integrated Trajectory (HYSPLIT) model was employed. Results reveal an overall annual decrease in ambient pollutant concentrations in Yining, with PM2.5 and PM10 consistently below the national secondary standards, In contrast, the O3 concentration shows a marked yearly increase. Pronounced seasonal variations were identified: the elevated O3 concentrations in summer were driven by high temperatures and intense solar radiation. The significant increase in PM2.5 and PM10 concentrations during winter was predominantly attributed to coal-based heating emissions and temperature inversion conditions. Pollutant concentrations were strongly associated with gaseous precursors (e.g., CO and NO2) and meteorological factors. Higher temperatures and lower relative humidity aggravated O3 formation, whereas lower temperatures and higher relative humidity favored PM2.5 pollution. Correlation analysis revealed that NO2 and CO showed the strongest correlations with PM2.5 (r = 0.84) and O3 (r = −0.62), respectively. Backward trajectory analysis revealed that higher pollution levels were associated with air masses originating from the southwest and southeast
Threats and Avoidance Measures of Frost Damage of 'Shushanggan'Apricot in the Ili River Valley
No full text[Objectives] To explore the threat factors of frost damage to 'Shushanggan'Apricot in the Ili River Valley, and to provide measures for avoiding frost damage. [Methods] Based on the meteorological data of the Ili River Valley counties and cities during the 12 years from 2010 to 2021 and using the critical low temperature of ‘Shushanggan’Apricot as the main factor, we comprehensively analyzed the threats of low temperature in winter in January and late frost in April in spring in the Ili River Valley. [Results] During the 12 years, there were 4 years of low temperature below the critical (-26 - -28℃) of ‘Shushanggan’ Apricot in the Ili River Valley counties and cities in January, accounting for 33.3%, and a total of 59 d. The frequency of occurrence was: Nilka County > Qapqal County > Yining City > Gongliu County > Huocheng County > Khorgos City > Yining County > Tekes County > Xinyuan County. In April, there were 9 years with a low temperature below the critical temperature (-0.6 ℃) flowering and fruit setting of ‘Shushanggan’Apricot, accounting for 75%, and a total of 134 d. The frequency of occurrence was: Nilka County > Tekes County > Gongliu County > Yining County > Huocheng County > Khorgos City > Xinyuan County > Yining City > Qapqal County. The low temperature threats of ‘Shushanggan’Apricot suitable cultivation areas were ranked as follows: Nilka County > Gongliu County > Tekes County > Qapqal County > Huocheng County > Yining City > Yining County > Khorgos City > Xinyuan County. Combined with the observation and survey of frost damage on the spot, we comprehensively analyzed and evaluated the cultivation area of ‘Shushanggan’Apricot in the Ili River Valley: three counties (Nilka County, Gongliu County, and Tekes County) in the eastern region, except Xinyuan County, suffered frequent late frost damage, are suitable areas for the cultivation of ‘Shushanggan’ Apricot; three counties and two cities in the western region (Qapqal County, Huocheng County, Yining City, Yining County, Khorgos City) and Xinyuan County in the eastern region are suitable areas for ‘Shushanggan’ Apricot. The inversion zone at an altitude of 820-1 100 in the valley is the superior area for ‘Shushanggan’ Apricot. [Conclusions] We explored the suitable areas in the origin area of ‘Shushanggan’ Apricot, and came up with measures to avoid frost damage, to provide a reference for the development of ‘Shushanggan’ Apricot
Statistical analysis plan for the second INTEnsive blood pressure Reduction in Acute Cerebral hemorrhage Trial (INTERACT2): a large-scale investigation to solve longstanding controversy over the most appropriate management of elevated blood pressure in the hyperacute phase of intracerebral hemorrhage
No full textCraig Anderson, Emma Heeley, Stephane Heritier, Hisatomi Arima, Mark Woodward, Richard Lindley, Bruce Neal, Yining Huang, Ji-Guang Wang, Mark Parsons, Christian Stapf, Tom Robinson, Pablo Lavados, Candice Delcourt, Stephen Davis, and John Chalmers for the INTERACT2 Investigator
Early Carboniferous high-silica granites in the Kalejun Mountains, Chinese western Tianshan: Petrogenesis, tectonic setting and geodynamic implications for the South Tianshan Ocean
No full textEarly Carboniferous granitoids, distributed in the Yining and Central Tianshan blocks, Chinese western Tianshan, are important for deciphering their tectonic contexts and evolutionary history of the South Tianshan Ocean. Here we present LA-ICP-MS zircon U-Pb ages, in situ Hf isotopic data, and whole-rock geochemical data of the monzogranites and syenogranites from the Kalejun Mountains, southern part of the Yining Block, aiming to constrain their petrogenesis and geodynamic background. The results reveal that these monzogranites and syenogranites were emplaced at 356 Ma and 344 Ma, respectively. Geochemically, they are characterized by high SiO2 (68.74–75.76 wt.%) and K2O (4.58–6.18 wt%), low MgO (0.14–0.76 wt.%) and P2O5 (0.04–0.24 wt.%) contents. In addition, they are depleted in Ba, Sr, Eu, Ti, Nb, and Zr, and enriched in Rb, Cs, Th, and U. These features indicate that the Kalejun granites are high-silica I-type granites. The low positive εHf(t) values (+1.1 to +8.2) and old TDM2Hf model ages (1294 to 827 Ma) of the studied zircons imply that the parental magma of these granites were derived from the reworking of Proterozoic basement with minor involvement of juvenile materials. Combined with the Late Devonian to Early Carboniferous magmatic activities in the Yining and Central Tianshan blocks (e.g. the discovery of A-type bubble rhyolites and high-Mg andesites), it is suggested that the Kalejun granites were likely related to the roll-back of the South Tianshan oceanic slab. Finally, we argue that the subduction of South Tianshan Ocean probably terminated at the end of the Early Carboniferous.</p
LEARNING-TO-SEARCH APPROACHES FOR VEHICLE ROUTING PROBLEMS USING DEEP REINFORCEMENT LEARNING
No full textPh.DDOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY (CDE-ENG
Increasing interpretability in XAI: Addressing the design principles for interactive XUIs to increase interpretability in XAI for end-users
No full textRecent advancements in artificial intelligence (AI), particularly in deep learning, have significantly enhanced AI capabilities but have also led to more complex and less interpretable algorithms. This research addresses the challenge of Explainable AI (XAI) by focusing on enhancing the interpretability of AI decisions through the use of Explainable User Interfaces (XUI). The study identifies two primary knowledge gaps: the predominance of XAI research targeting technically skilled users, neglecting the end-user who often lacks technical expertise, and the insufficient exploration of user-centric design principles in real-world XUI applications.The research adopts the Design Science Research Method (DSRM) to develop an XUI tailored for the FOKUS project, which uses Electrocardiogram (ECG) data to detect myocardial infarctions. The study emphasises the strategic application of interactive design principles such as complementary naturalness, flexibility in explanation methods, and responsiveness through progressive disclosure to improve the system’s interpretability. Notably, sensitivity to context and mind, though not initially implemented, emerged as a critical design principle from the analysis and was subsequently positioned at the pinnacle of a restructured pyramid model of design principles.Key findings highlight the effectiveness of the selected design principles in enhancing interpretability and underscore the importance of involving stakeholders early in the development process to align the XAI and XUI with end-user needs. The research proposes a structured design approach framework for XUI, involving sequential phases from pre-XAI to XUI design, to systematically integrate user feedback and improve the design iteratively. The proposed framework restructured pyramid model of the design principles aim to guide future developments in XAI and XUI, enhancing their practical application and effectiveness in various contexts.Management of Technology (MoT
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