3 research outputs found
The Effects of the Covid-19 Pandemic on the Nigeria’s Economy and Possible Coping Strategies
Get PDFThe world has been shocked by the outbreak of the Covid-19 pandemic and no country is spared of the effects of the pandemic. However, the effects and strategies to cope with the effects of the pandemic might vary from one country to another. The purpose of this article, therefore, is to identify and discuss the effects of the Covid-19 pandemic on the Nigeria’s economy and possible coping strategies. In addition to the viewpoint of the author, this paper undertook a review of the related literature regarding the Covid-19 pandemic and how Nigerians and the Nigerian government can cope with the effects of the pandemic. The review reveals that the effects of the Covid-19 pandemic in Nigeria include jobs losses, a sharp drop in income of the informal workers and the poor, food insecurity, business and school closures, a steep decline in oil revenues and economic uncertainties. This paper has recommended some measures to be adopted by Nigerians and the Nigerian government in order to cope with the devastating effects of the Covid-19 pandemic and similar pandemics in future. The measures include monetary and fiscal policy measures, diversification of the economy through agriculture, revamping of the manufacturing sector, acquisition of relevant ICT skills, adoption of e-learning model by schools, adoption of e-business model by business organizations and the need to have multiple sources of income
Stochastic characteristics and modeling of relative humidity of Ogun Basin, Nigeria
Get PDFExtreme events of atmospheric phenomena are often non deterministic in nature, and this has been a major constraint in achieving agricultural sustainability in most developing countries.To facilitate this study, 29 years information of the observed relative humidity of Ogun basin was obtained from the Federal Ministry of Water Resources, Abeokuta, Nigeria. The data collected covers the periods between 1982 and 2009 and were pre-whitened and aggregated into monthly and annual time series. The stationarity of the time series data was achieved through Mann-Kendal non parametric test and spectral analysis. The Mann-Kendal Z-value obtained is -1.37, which gives no reason to expect the presence of trend in the time series. The spectral density plot showed high variance to lower frequency, and this signifies a positive correlation. No evidence of seasonal effect in the series as clearly depicted by the monthly Periodogram. The autoregressive AR-model, moving average MA-model and autoregressive moving average ARMA-models were fitted for the parameter, with the aid of Akaike Information Criterion (AIC), and error terms of FE, MAE, MSE and MAPE. ARMA model of order (2, 2) was found to be the most parsimonious for predicting relative humidity. Results are highly accurate and promising for all models based on Lewis’ criteria. Prediction scheme applied in this research could be considered in situations where database is a problem during model development.Keywords: ARMA model, Autocorrelation, Forecasting,Prediction andRelative humidit
Comparative Assessment of Physiochemical Properties of Locally Made Zobo from Three Markets in Delta State, Nigeria
No full textZobo drink is a non-alcoholic locally produced beverage that is widely consumed by many people due to its nutritional and medicinal values. The study was carried out in order to compare and assess the measured values of electrical properties of zobo drink with change in temperature and also to investigate its mineral compositions. Three samples of zobo drink obtained from Warri, Ughelli and Sapele in Delta State of Nigeria were locally prepared and analysed for electrical conductivity and pH at a temperature range of 0 to 60 oC at 5 oC interval. Measurements of electrical conductivity of the zobo sample were made in millipascal second by means of AZ Conductivity meter, model 8361, manufactured in USA, while measurements were also made of pH by means of pH/mV meter, Cole Parmer model 60061, Vernon Hills, Illinois. The results obtained were statistically analyzed after triplicate sampling and their mean values and standard deviation presented. The results obtained show that the average electrical conductivity values of the zobo samples varied from 5200 to 7210 µS/cm, with an average of 6260 µS/cm within the temperature range. The pH values of the zobo samples varied from 2.85 to 4.81. Extract of this drink shows high concentration of potassium and calcium with values above 100 mg/L, while concentration of other heavy metals were absent in Ughelli and Sapele, with trace amount of this component recorded in Warri. The high observed acid level of the drink will inhabit the growth of some microorganisms that are not tolerant to it, but might pose a danger if consumed at further higher temperature above 30oC
