3,872 research outputs found
In Conversation with Professor Jacklyn Cock, Author of Maids and Madams
No full textDavid du Toit: Your book, Maids and Madams, is one of the seminal texts in domestic work literature in South Africa. What inspired you to write about domestic work during the apartheid era
Impact of market deregulation on the competitiveness of commercial milk producers in East Griqualand: a unit cost ratio (UCR) analysis: 1983-2006
No full textThis study investigates the impact of dairy market deregulation on the competitiveness of milk producers who comprise the East Griqualand (EG) study group in KwaZulu-Natal and the Eastern Cape Province of South Africa. The study uses a microeconomic approach, the unit cost ratio (UCR) method of competitiveness analysis, to assess changes in the relative competitiveness of EG milk producers from 1983 – 2006. Findings of previous research indicate that dairy market deregulation in the 1980s and 1990s caused lower real milk producer prices, increased uncertainty and higher exit rates in the South African dairy industry. Results of the UCR analysis suggest that EG milk producers were not competitive based on the net local price received for milk but were competitive when dairy cattle trading income was included. This suggests that dairy cattle trading income played an important role in enhancing the profitability of EG dairy enterprises in the study period. Further UCR analysis revealed that the top one-third of EG milk producers were relatively competitive from 1983 – 2006 due to higher real milk prices and lower unit costs. A panel data study of individual EG milk producers could be used to identify other important factors affecting milk producer competitiveness over time.dairy market deregulation, East Griqualand milk producers, competitiveness, unit cost ratio analysis, Livestock Production/Industries,
New insights into the survival mechanisms of rifampicin-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis
No full textObjectives: Rifampicin is considered the most important antibiotic for treating TB, but unfortunately Mycobacterium tuberculosis is rapidly developing resistance to this drug. Despite the fervent research efforts to date, TB is still a major global problem, and hence new approaches are necessary to better characterize this disease, especially the mechanisms relating to drug resistance.
Methods: Using a two-dimensional GC-coupled time-of-flight MS metabolomics approach, the most important metabolite markers characterizing rifampicin-resistant M. tuberculosis were identified.
Results: The metabolite markers identified indicate instability in rifampicin-resistant M. tuberculosis mRNA, induced by the rpoB mutation. This results in a total depletion of aconitic acid, due to a shift in aconitase functionality towards mRNA binding and stability, and away from energy production and growth, and a subsequent increased dependency on alternative energy sources, fatty acids in particular. A number of other metabolic changes were observed, confirming an additional survival response for maintaining/remodelling the cell wall.
Conclusions: This study shows the value of a metabolomics approach to biological investigations in a quest to better understand disease-causing organisms and their tolerance to existing medications, which would in the future undoubtedly assist in the development of alternative treatment approache
The transmission of blue-tongue and horse-sickness by Culicoides
No full textThe articles have been scanned in colour with a HP Scanjet 5590; 300dpi.
Adobe Acrobat XI Pro was used to OCR the text and also for the merging and conversion to the final presentation PDF-format.An account is given of an investigation into the transmission of blue-tongue
and horse-sickness conducted at Onderstepoort during 1942 and 1943.
Three positive infections with blue-tongue and one with horse-sickness,
following the injection of emulsions of wild-caught Culicoides into susceptible
animals, are recorded.
The successful transmission of blue-tongue by the bites of Culicoides,
which fed on experimentally sheep 10 days previously, is described.
The identity of the diseases in question had been established clinically,
by subinoculations into susceptible animals and by immunity tests with
homologous strains of the particular virus where possible. The author is
quite confident of the correctness of the diagnoses of the disease conditions
produced.
The special light trap used in the investigation for the trapping of
Culicoides and the technique of handling and storing these insects are briefly
described.
It is concluded that certain species of the genus Culicoides are capable
of becoming infected with and transmitting to susceptible animals by bite
the virus of blue-tongue of sheep.
From the evidence advanced it is anticipated that the transmitter or
transmitters of horse-sickness will be found within the genus Culicoides
Endowing self-directed learning in learning environments: interrelated connection between students’ environments and self-directed preparedness
No full textThere has been a major focus on redesigning curricula and with this in mind, self-directed learning (SDL) also has also become a more imperative feature within the curriculum, and more emphasis is placed on the effective implementation of SDL within teaching and learning communities (classrooms). The aim of this theoretical article is to present a framework that is intended to create an awareness of the impact of the environment of students on SDL. This proposed framework has the potential to empower students when applying SDL in their learning and to act as guide or source for educators who want to development the SDL skills of students. The questions that provide the focus for this paper are: why do students struggle to deal with SDL and or to be prepared for employing SDL in their studies, and secondly: Which factors (domains) of a student's existence influences his/her preparedness to be an effective self-directed student and if educators ought to accommodate students differences for the effective development of SDL skills? The author will present a collection of her ideas about how SDL can be conceptualised in an educational environment to cultivate and empower students as self-directed students. In South Africa, we are looking for instructive methods that could support students. If SDL is effectively employed by educators, and students'backgrounds/environments are kept in mind, SDL can be seen as the opening of the doors of learning and should not to become a trap in an ever-revolving gate of disappointment and despair. The potentials of the acceptance of this proposed framework includes (a) effective self-directed learning in underprepared SDL student; (b) increase these students, as well as other students in the same learning classroom, self-regulatory and self-directed learning skills, where students can take accountability for their own learning; and (c) an increase in these students' academic, emotional and/or cultural preparedness which can improve the ability and or preparedness to be a self-directed practitioner for life
Assessing the state of earth system law
No full textThe proposed paper will undertake an analysis of all earth system law-related literature in order to trace the development, and assess the current state, of earth system law. The analysis will be based on an initial ‘database’ – consisting of nearly 300 publications containing the term ‘earth system law’ (ESL) – generated since the author set up a Google Scholar alert in 2020, and supplemented by searches undertaken in academic databases, including Westlaw, Lexis+, and HeinOnline. Duplicate results and publications that are not available in English or are otherwise inaccessible will be excluded from the assessment. The remaining results will be analysed to determine which ESL publications are being cited and the purpose of such citation. It is anticipated that: some publications simply record the fact that a new paradigm critiquing environmental law has been proposed; some publications use the ESL paradigm to support the arguments made therein or as a frame through which to explore a separate issue (such as the Energy Charter Treaty, transnational environmental law, fossil fuel production, non-humans, or plastics, among others); while others are critical of the ESL paradigm; yet others may offer proposals for advancing ESL. Analysing ESL-related literature in this way will contribute to understanding the extent to which, how, where, and by whom, the ESL paradigm is being utilised as well as its perceived weaknesses. Although much has been written on ESL, such a detailed understanding of its value, and limits, is not fully developed. In turn, insights gained through this assessment will be useful to identify future directions for ESL
The role of remorse in sentencing
No full textIt has become an established feature of the South African sentencing practice to consider the level of remorse displayed by the accused (S v M (Centre for Child Law as Amicus Curiae) 2007 (2) SACR 539 (CC) par [115]). Genuine contrition or remorse is generally regarded as a mitigating factor whilst the absence thereof is considered to be an aggravating factor. Our courts link the presence of remorse with the prospect of the rehabilitation of the offender(Terblanche "Sentencing" 2010 Annual Survey of South African Law 1279 1287-1288; S v Ntuli 1978 (1) SA 523 (A) 528B-C; S v PN 2010 (2) SACR 187 (ECG); S v De Klerk 2010 (2) SACR 40 (KZP) par [28]; S v Langa 2010 (2) SACR 289 (KZP) par [36]; S v Onose 2012 JDR 1074 (ECG) par [9]; and S v Keyser 2012 (2) SACR 437 (SCA) par [29]). In S v Seegers (1970 (2) SA 506 (A) 512G-H) Rumpff JA held that remorse, as an indication that the offence will not be committed again, is an important consideration, in suitable cases, when the deterrent effect of a sentence on the accused is considered. This note considers the meaning of "remorse" in the eyes of our courts, the approach of South African courts (in particular the Supreme Court of Appeal) to the role of remorse in sentencing, as well as the question whether the presence or absence of remorse can truly be determined by a court.http://reference.sabinet.co.za.nwulib.nwu.ac.za/document/EJC148916http://reference.sabinet.co.za.nwulib.nwu.ac.za/sa_epublication/obiterhttp://reference.sabinet.co.za.nwulib.nwu.ac.za/document/EJC14891
African feminism as decolonising force: a philosophical exploration of the work of Oyeronke Oyewumi
No full textGoris, W. [Promotor]Du Toit, H.I. [Promotor]Halsema, J.M. [Copromotor
Book Review: Diary of a National Scout. P. J. du Toit 1900-1902
No full textBook Title: Diary of a National Scout. P. J. du Toit 1900-1902Book Author: J.P. BritsHuman Sciences Research Council, Pretoria, 1974, pp 122 (with illustrations and maps)
Types de migrations dans des pays sous-développés : Helen I. Safa, Brian M. du Toit, Migration and development
No full textGeorge Pierre. Types de migrations dans des pays sous-développés : Helen I. Safa, Brian M. du Toit, Migration and development. In: Annales de Géographie, t. 86, n°477, 1977. p. 609
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