39,843 research outputs found
Ausbau des Innenhafens Ufermauer für 7 m Wassertiefe - Bl. 4
No full textAUSBAU DES INNENHAFENS UFERMAUER FÜR 7 M WASSERTIEFE - BL. 4
Ausbau des Innenhafens Ufermauer für 7 m Wassertiefe - Bl. 4 ( -
Ausbau des Innenhafens Ufermauer für 4 m Wassertiefe - Bl. 7
No full textAUSBAU DES INNENHAFENS UFERMAUER FÜR 4 M WASSERTIEFE - BL. 7
Ausbau des Innenhafens Ufermauer für 4 m Wassertiefe - Bl. 7 ( -
The Imaging of a Complete Biological Structure with the Scanning Tunneling Microscope
No full textPT: J; CR: 1986, IBM J RES DEV, V30 AMREIN M, 1988, IN PRESS J MICROSCOP AMREIN M, 1988, SCIENCE, V240, P514 BEVERIDGE TJ, 1985, J BACTERIOL, V162, P728 BEVERIDGE TJ, 1987, CAN J MICROBIOL, V33, P725 BINNIG G, 1982, HELV PHYS ACTA, V55, P726 BLACKFORD BL, 1987, REV SCI INSTRUM, V58, P1343 BLACKFORD BL, 1988, IN PRESS J MICROSCOP DAHN DC, 1988, J VAC SCI TECHNOL A, V6, P548 FOSTER JS, 1988, IN PRESS J MICROSCOP HANSMA PK, 1987, J APPL PHYS, V61, R1 LINDSAY SM, 1988, J VAC SCI TECHNOL A, V6, P544 SHAW PJ, 1985, J BACTERIOL M, V161, P650 SMITH D, 1988, IN PRESS J MICROSCOP SMITH DPE, 1987, P NATL ACAD SCI USA, V84, P969 SONNENFELD R, 1986, SCIENCE, V232, P211 SPROTT GD, 1980, CAN J MICROBIOL, V26, P115 SPROTT GD, 1986, CAN J MICROBIOL, V32, P847 STEMMER A, 1987, SURF SCI, V181, P394 STEWART M, 1985, J MOL BIOL, V183, P509 STROSCIO JA, 1987, PHYS REV LETT, V58, P1668 ZASADZINSKI JAN, 1988, SCIENCE, V239, P1013; NR: 22; TC: 12; J9: ULTRAMICROSCOPY; PG: 6; GA: AA937Source type: Electronic(1
Disk-jet connection in BL lac objects with different accretion modes
No full textThe maximal jet power can be extracted from a standard thin accretion disk/spinning black hole is calculated as a function of dimensionless accretion rate m (m = M/M-Edd). Comparing with the jet power derived from the extended radio luminosity, we find that the accretion disks in most BL Lac objects should not be standard accretion disks. It is found that a pure ADAF is too faint to produce the optical ionizing luminosity of BL Lac objects derived from their narrow-line luminosity. We propose that an ADAF is present in the inner region of the disk and it transits to a standard thin disk outside the radius R-tr in most BL Lac objects, i.e., ADAF+SD (standard disk) scenario. This scenario can explain both the jet power and optical ionizing continuum emission of these BL Lac objects. The inferred R-tr similar to 40 - 150 GM(bh)/c(2), if the disks are accreting at the rate m = 0.01
n-contractive BL logics
No full textIn the field of many-valued logics, Hajek's Basic Logic BL was introduced in Hajek (Metamathematics of fuzzy logic, trends in logic. Kluwer Academic Publishers, Berlin, 1998). In this paper we will study four families of n-contractive (i.e. that satisfy the axiom phi(n) ->-> phi(n+1) , for some n epsilon N+) axiomatic extensions of BL and their corresponding varieties: BL (n) , SBL (n) , BL (n) and SBL (n) . Concerning BL (n) we have that every BL (n) -chain is isomorphic to an ordinal sum of MV-chains of at most n + 1 elements, whilst every BL (n) -chain is isomorphic to an ordinal sum of MV (n) -chains (for SBL (n) and SBL (n) a similar property holds, with the difference that the first component must be the two elements boolean algebra); all these varieties are locally finite. Moving to the content of the paper, after a preliminary section, we will study generic and k-generic algebras, completeness and computational complexity results, amalgamation and interpolation properties. Finally, we will analyze the first-order versions of these logics, from the point of view of completeness and arithmetical complexity
Jet formation in BL Lacertae objects with different accretion modes
No full textWe estimate the masses of massive black holes in BL Lac objects from their host galaxy luminosity. The power of jets and central optical ionizing luminosity for a sample of BL Lac objects are derived from their extended radio emission and the narrow-line emission, respectively. The maximal jet power that can be extracted from a standard thin accretion disk/spinning black hole is calculated as a function of dimensionless accretion rate (m) over dot ((m) over dot = (M) over dot/(M) over dot (Edd)). Comparing with the derived jet power, we find that the accretion disks in most BL Lac objects should not be standard accretion disks. For a pure advection-dominated accretion flow (ADAF), there is an upper limit on its optical continuum luminosity because of the existence of an upper limit (m) over dot(crit) on the accretion rate. It is found that a pure ADAF is too faint to produce the optical ionizing luminosity of BL Lac objects derived from their narrow-line luminosity. We propose that an ADAF is present in the inner region of the disk, and it becomes a standard thin disk in the outer region in most BL Lac objects, i.e., ADAF+SD (standard disk) scenario. This ADAF+SD scenario can explain both the jet power and optical ionizing continuum emission of these BL Lac objects. The inferred transition radii between the inner ADAF and outer SD are in the range of 40-150 GM(bh)/c(2), if the disks are accreting at the rate (m) over dot = 0.01
(M,N)-Soft Intersection BL-Algebras and Their Congruences
Get PDFThe purpose of this paper is to give a foundation for providing a new soft algebraic tool in considering many problems containing uncertainties. In order to provide these new soft algebraic structures, we discuss a new soft set-(M, N)-soft intersection set, which is a generalization of soft intersection sets. We introduce the concepts of (M, N)-SI filters of BL-algebras and establish some characterizations. Especially, (M, N)-soft congruences in BL-algebras are concerned
Problems of the conventional BL model as applied to super/hypersonic turbulent boundary layers and its improvements
No full textTurbulence modeling has played important roles in solving engineering problems. However, with the development of aerospace technology, turbulence modeling faces new challenges. How to further improve turbulence modeling for super/hypersonic flows is an urgent problem. Through analyzing a set of data resulting from DNS and experiments, it is found that some most popular models suffer from essential flaws, and can be hardly improved following the traditional mode of thinking. On the contrary, the BL model, which is one of the simplest and widely-used models, can be further improved. In this paper, through analyzing results from DNS data, the main cause of the inaccuracy in applying the BL model to supersonic and hypersonic turbulent boundary layers is found to have resulted from the mismatch between the location of the matching point of the inner and outer layers of the BL model determined by the conventional way and those given by DNS. Improvement on this point, as well as other improvements is proposed. Its effectiveness is verified through the comparison with DNS results
Discovery of very high energy gamma-ray emission from the low-frequency-peaked Bl Lacertae object Bl Lacertae
Get PDFThe MAGIC collaboration observed BL Lacertae for 22.2 hr during 2005 August to December and for 26 hr during 2006 July to September. The source is the historical prototype and eponym of a class of low-frequency-peaked BL Lacertae (LBL) objects. A very high energy (VHE) gamma-ray signal was discovered with a 5.1 sigma excess in the 2005 data. Above 200 GeV, an integral flux of (0.6 +/- 0.2) x 10(-11) cm(-2) S-1 was measured, corresponding to approximately 3% of the Crab flux. The differential spectrum between 150 and 900 GeV is rather steep with a photon index of -3.6 +/- 0.5. The light curve shows no significant variability during the observations in 2005. For the first time a clear detection of VHE gamma-ray emission from an LBL object was obtained with a signal below previous upper limits. The 2006 data show no significant excess. This drop in flux follows the observed trend in optical activity
Free algebras in varieties of BL-algebras generated by a BL n-chain
Get PDFFree algebras with an arbitrary number of free generators in varieties of BL-algebras generated by one BL-chain that is an ordinal sum of a finite MV-chain Ln and a generalized BL-chain B are described in terms of weak Boolean products of BL-algebras that are ordinal sums of subalgebras of L and free algebras in the variety of basic hoops generated by B. The Boolean products are taken over the Stone spaces of the Boolean subalgebras of idempotents of free algebras in the variety of MV-algebras generated by L N. © 2006 Australian Mathematical Society.Fil:Busaniche, M. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales; Argentina
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