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    Distribution of taurine during cheese-making from goat’s milk

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    Taurine, a sulfonated amino acid derived from methionine and cysteine metabolism, has been identified as a major player in numerous biological functions. The distribution of taurine among dairy products, their by-products and waste was followed during different cheese-making processes based on goat's milk. The results obtained showed that, compared with the amount of taurine present in the starting milk, the biggest proportion of taurine was found in whey while only 12.5-16.5% was found in the goats' cheeses. Besides, a significantly higher content of taurine was found in Cacioricotta goats' cheese, obtained from milk after initial heating at 95 degrees C for 5 min, than in Caprino goat's cheese, obtained from milk heated at lower temperatures, thus highlighting the role of thermal treatment for taurine retention. The findings indicated the opportunity of recovering taurine from whey

    L'olio di copertura delle conserve vegetali. Nota II: i funghetti

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    The aim of this paper was to evaluate the oxidative and hydrolytic degradation level of the oils utilised as liquid medium of inoil preserved mushrooms. This was achieved both by routine analyses and by determination of the fatty acid composition and of the unsaturated fatty acid trans isomer contents. The HPSEC analysis of polar compounds was also carried out to determine the main classes of compounds constituting them. The obtained results showed that only the HPSEC analysis of polar compounds and the analysis of trans isomers could be successfully utilised at vthe purpose of ascertaining the quality of the examined oils

    Measurement of degradation of the lipid fraction in margarines

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    The aim of this investigation was to measure the extent of oxidative and hydrolytic degradation of commonly marketed margarines by separating and determining the polar compounds of the fat fraction and evaluating the classes of substances they contained. The analytical techniques used were silica gel chromatography for the polar compound separation and high-performance size-exclusion chromatography (HPSEC) for the determination of the single classes of substances forming them. Routine analyses were also carried out, and the fatty acid composition and trans isomer contents determined to provide a more comprehensive characterisation. The results obtained showed a considerable variability in the fatty acid composition due to the use of fats and oils from different vegetable sources and the different hardening processes used for the vegetable fat stock in manufacturing the margarines. The results of the analyses sometimes showed a high trans isomer content with values exceeding 25%. The overall level of lipid degradation in the margarines was estimated by determining the polar compounds. The HPSEC analyses of the polar compounds provided measurements of triglyceride oligopolymers, oxidised triglycerides and diglycerides, which are considered to be reliable parameters for evaluating the quality of edible fats and oils
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