740 research outputs found
The Greek dialects in Southern Italy. Effects of language contact on nominal syntax.
No full textBackground. According to some recent analyses (Guardiano 2006, Alexiadou, Haegeman, Stavrou 2007) of the Greek Determiner Phrase, adnominal adjectives are unexceptionally prenominal, despite some apparent evidence to the contrary ((a) postnominal adjectives in definite DPs with their own definite article and (b) unarticulated postnominal adjectives in indefinite DPs). It has been shown that articulated adjectives, constituting the phenomenon called polydefiniteness or determiner spread (to pedi to kalo), and also postnominal adjectives in indefinite DPs have a number of properties setting them apart from ordinary modification of nouns by prenominal adjectives ((to) kalo pedi) (Alexiadou&Wilder 1998, Kolliakou 2004, Campos&Stavrou 2004). One more relevant claim is that the so-called polydefinite construction corresponds to postnominal adjectives in Italian primarily in terms of interpretation (Alexiadou et al 2007).Topic. Against this background, the present study aims at investigating this particular subdomain in the two minority varieties of Greek spoken in Salento (henceforth Grico) and in Southern Calabria (henceforth Bovese). Both varieties show certain peculiarities in the syntax of adjectives that, once compared to that of other Romance dialects spoken in the same area, suggest non-trivial phenomena of contact-induced change
Michel Stavrou (éd.), Nicéphore Blemmydès. OEuvres Théologiques. Tome II. Introduction, texte critique, traduction et notes par M. StavrOU (Sources chrétiennes 558). – Les Éditions du Cerf, Paris 2013
No full textBlanchet Marie-Hélène. Michel Stavrou (éd.), Nicéphore Blemmydès. OEuvres Théologiques. Tome II. Introduction, texte critique, traduction et notes par M. StavrOU (Sources chrétiennes 558). – Les Éditions du Cerf, Paris 2013. In: Revue des études byzantines, tome 72, 2014. pp. 398-400
Modeling Syntactic Change under Contact: The Case of Italiot Greek
No full textIn this paper, we investigate patterns of persistence and change affecting the syntax of nominal structures in Italiot Greek in comparison to Modern (and Ancient) Greek, and we explore the role of Southern Italo-Romance as a potential source of interference. Our aim is to highlight the dynamics that favor syntactic contact in this domain: we provide an overview of the social context where these dynamics have taken place and of the linguistic structures involved
Possessive clitics in the DP: Doubling or dislocation?
No full textThis paper contributes to the literature on possessor doubling by looking at the co-occurrence of a possessive DP and a possessive clitic inside the Nominal Expression (NE). It concentrates on Bulgarian and Greek, which are the only Balkan languages to display productive use of clitic possessors in the NE. Despite appearances, in Greek and in Bulgarian NEs there are no cases of what in the clausal domain is standardly referred to as “clitic doubling”. This is prima facie an unexpected situation, given that both languages instantiate the two crucial properties that are at stake here: clitic doubling inside the clausal domain, and possessive clitics (genitive in Greek and dative in Bulgarian) inside the nominal domain. This ‘asymmetry’ calls for an explanation and this is what we attempt here. What we find with possessors in Bulgarian and Greek is what corresponds to clitic (left/right) dislocation. It turns out that possessor dislocation is allowed inside NEs as well as in clauses in Bulgarian, while in Greek it is only allowed in the clausal domain. This will be claimed to be the basic difference between the two languages and this difference will be reduced to the different way the DP splits in each language in order to host discourse-relevant features. Apparent doubling with strong possessive pronouns in Greek is treated as a separate phenomenon tentatively accounted for in terms of the different properties of strong pronouns in each language
Greek and Romance in Southern Italy: history and contact in nominal structures
No full textThe present work investigates some aspects of the syntax of nominal structures in the two minority varieties of Greek spoken in Salento (henceforth Grico) and in Southern Calabria (henceforth Bovese), which we compare to three Romance dialects, namely Sicilian, Salentino and Northern Calabrian, along with Greek, Italian, and a selection of attested ancient varieties. In particular, the structures associated with adjectival modification will be explored. It will be shown that the observable behavior of the adjectives in the Greek and Romance varieties under analysis derives from a non-trivial interaction of phenomena associated with both historical (genealogical) change and contact-induced (horizontal) variation
Inertial microfluidic circuits for investigating receptor activation dynamics
No full textThe ErbB family of receptor tyrosine kinases members comprises epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), ErbB2, ErbB3 and ErbB4. These receptors recognize external cues (ligands) and subsequently undergo signal transduction that direct the downstream activation of other proteins such as GRB2 and Shc in the signalling cascade and ultimately direct cell fate. Ligand binding induces conformational changes, receptor dimerization and autophosphorylation. Current techniques lack the temporal resolution required to observe receptor activation dynamics that occur over sub-second timescales. Traditionally, quench flow analysis has been used. However, this approach involves turbulent flows that disrupt the cell membrane. Microfluidics involves gentle, laminar flow and has been used for rapid whole cell quench flow analysis to reveal new insights into EGFR autophosphorylation dynamics (Chiang Y. and West J. Lab Chip, 2013, p.1031). In my PhD, I have developed a novel platform based on inertial microfluidics coupled with Dean flow principles. High velocities (m/s) transport within microfluidic channels was used to focus cells to lateral positions within the ligand streams in less than a millisecond (0.5 ms), followed by a curved incubation channel where Dean forces drove cells to a common position, to produce a uniform cell velocity and thus uniform incubation times (CV = <5%). The cells were transported to a second inertial focusing channel and were laterally focused into a quench buffer in order to preserve the receptor intermediates for analysis by multiplexed flow cytometry. The novel microfluidic device successfully monitored the early dynamics of EGFR signalling (25-2000 ms) and unravelled new information on the phosphorylation of two important tyrosine residues, Y1068 and Y1173, found on the EGF receptor. The Y1068 was characterized by high levels of phosphorylation compared to the levels of Y1173 in the sub-second time window. These findings can be used for identifying potential therapeutic targets
Ultrafast Nonlinear Optical Properties and Carrier Dynamics of Ta4C3Tx and Mo2Ti2C3Tx MXene Nanosheets
No full textMaterials exhibiting strong nonlinear optical (NLO) properties along with fast carrier recovery have fostered significant advancements in photonic devices, enabling the development of ultrafast lasers, optical limiters, optical switches, modulators, photodetectors, and more. Among these materials, transition metal carbides, nitrides, and carbonitrides (MXenes), characterized by the general formula Mn+1XnTx (where M is a transition metal, X is C or N, and Tx represents surface terminated groups such as -OH, -O, or -F), are particularly attractive for such applications due to their exceptional NLO response, broadband absorption, ultrafast carrier relaxation, and resistance to radiation and heat
Virtual Trauma Analysis of the Nineteenth-Century Severed Head of the Greek Outlaw Stavrou
No full textHuman remains have been displayed in museums in Europe since many centuries for historical, cultural, and educational reasons. Of particular interest are skeletal remains and body parts that have suffered violent deaths and such remains often feature in Criminology Museums. Despite the well-acknowledged value of human remains in medical education, bioarchaeology, and research, the display of human remains still raises ethical considerations ranging in severity depending on the cultural substrate and legal framework of each country. Recent developments in medical imaging and visualisation are offering an alternative way. Taking into account the emerging issues regarding exhibition and handling of human remains, this research project aims to use virtual methods to reconstruct the circumstances of the death of a nineteenth-century outlaw comprising one of the human exhibits at the Criminology Museum of Athens in Greece. For the purpose of the project, the severed head of the outlaw Stavrou was CT scanned, and the data were used to reconstruct and to evaluate the ballistic trauma sustained at the time of his death. From the scans, it was possible to determine the minimum number of shots, entrance and exit wounds, approximate calibre of the bullets, approximate distance from which they were fired, and general velocity of the round. Shots are fired from the lateral left and backside of the head and bullets exited from the right frontal and temporal area causing extensive damage to the right craniofacial region. The direction of the shots coming from the back and left suggests that Stavrou was more likely ambushed by gendarmerie squads and not shot in a fair fight which would have caused entry wounds in the anterior surface of the body. This is in agreement with historical evidence that placed him in gunfire with his fellow gang member Karapanos against a government squad. On the other hand, the possibility of being captured alive and executed cannot be rejected based only on wound ballistics. This work would be excellent supplementary material to the actual human exhibit for the accurate presentation of Stavrou’s history at the Criminology Museum. In addition, it would allow the virtual exhibition of the material for historical and teaching purposes to museums and universities anywhere in Greece and along the globe, thus overcoming the obstacles of moving the actual remains. © 2021, The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG
Emerging Ta4C3 and Mo2Ti2C3 MXene Nanosheets for Ultrafast Photonics
No full textUltrafast nonlinear optical (NLO) response, fast carrier recovery, broadband absorption, and resistance to radiation and heat make 2D materials promising for photonic technologies. However, low electronic conductivity and carrier concentration limit the performance of semiconducting or semimetallic materials. This work investigates the ultrafast NLO properties and carrier dynamics of Ta4C3Tx and out-of-plane ordered Mo2Ti2C3Tx MXenes using Z-scan and pump-probe optical Kerr effect techniques under visible and infrared femtosecond laser pulses. Their NLO response surpasses all previously studied MXenes and most other 2D nanomaterials, attaining exceptionally high third-order susceptibility (χ(3)) values on the order of 10−13 esu. Mo2Ti2C3Tx exhibits the strongest NLO response under both excitation regimes, attributed to charge transfer between Mo and Ti layers in the MXene structure. Under visible excitation, the studied MXenes display pronounced saturable absorption, while under infrared excitation, they exhibit strong reverse saturable absorption, resulting in efficient optical limiting. Additionally, pump-probe experiments identify two distinct relaxation processes: a fast one on the sub-picosecond timescale and a slower one a few picoseconds after photoexcitation. The results indicate that these MXenes are among the strongest NLO materials. They show their great potential for advanced photonic and optoelectronic applications in laser technologies, optical protection, telecommunications, and optical/quantum computing
Integrated process and solvent design for CO<sub>2</sub> capture using Continuous Molecular Targeting - Computer Aided Molecular Design (CoMT-CAMD)
No full textThe cost of currently available technologies for CO2 capture should be further reduced to allow for large scale implementation of Carbon Capture and Storage. Solvents for CO2 capture systems with physical absorption are usually selected based on heuristics, engineering expertise and experimental trials. The performance of the separation system is, however, defined by both the properties of the selected solvent and the process conditions, which should be considered simultaneously. In this thesis, the Continuous Molecular Targeting - Computer Aided Molecular Design (CoMT-CAMD) framework is extended and applied to the simultaneous optimization of process and solvent for CO2 capture systems with physical absorption
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