33 research outputs found
Gene Expression Analyses and Association Studies of Wood Development Genes in Loblolly Pine (Pinus taeda L.)
Get PDFGene expression analyses using native populations can provide information on the genetic and molecular mechanisms that determine intraspecific variation and contribute to the understanding of plant development and adaptation in multiple ways. Using quantitative real time ��� polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR), we analyzed the expression of 111 genes with probable roles in wood development in 400 loblolly pine individuals belonging to a population covering much of the natural range. Association mapping techniques are increasingly being used in plants to dissect complex genetic traits and identify genes responsible for the quantitative variation of these traits. We used candidate-gene based association studies to associate single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in candidate genes with the variation in gene expression. The specific objectives established for this study were to study natural variation in expression of xylem development genes in loblolly pine (Pinus taeda L.) using qRT-PCR, to associate SNPs in candidate genes with the variation in gene expression using candidate-gene based association analyses and to detect loblolly pine promoter polymorphisms and study their effect on gene expression.
Out of the 111 genes analyzed using qRT-PCR, there were significant differences in expression among clones for 106 genes. Candidate-gene based association studies were performed between 3937 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and gene expression to associate SNPs in candidate genes with the variation in gene expression. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first association genetic study where expression of a large number of genes, analyzed in a natural population, has been the phenotypic trait of interest. We cloned and sequenced promoters of 19 genes, 16 of which are transcription factors involved in wood development and drought response. SNP discovery was done in 13 of these promoters using a panel of 24 loblolly pine clones (unique genotypes). SNP genotyping is underway in the entire association population and association analyses will be done to study the effects of promoter SNPs on gene expression. The results from this project are promising and once these associations have been tested and proved, we believe that they will help in our understanding of the genetics of complex traits
Restoring EEG Signals by Artifact Suppression with Different Independent Component Analysis Techniques
No full textRadon an indoor risk: In the Urban Devarakonda, Telangana state, India
No full textNatural background radiation risk owing to radon and its progeny at indoors to the general public is a significant issue. The concern about indoor radon risk has been increasing at national and international level since its role to the overall dose is well known. The current study aims to assess the 222Rn and its progeny in different type of indoors with a passive (SSNTD) and active technique (RAD-7). The area of investigation (urban Devarakonda), is located near the proposed uranium mineralization area. The estimated radon levels in the indoors were ranging from 20 to 437 Bq. m−3 and with a geometric mean of 66 Bq.m−3. The estimated EERC values are ranging from 22 to 82 Bq.m−3 and these are higher than the range limit prescribed by ICRP. The computed average EF value in the present study (0.58) is relatively higher than the world average value of 0.4. An effort has been made to comprehend the radon distribution among the representative locations. Annual effective inhalation dose was also estimated using the occupancy factor 0.8 and it is found in the range of 0.52–11.00 m Sv y−1 with geometric mean of 2.20 mSv.y−1. The diurnal variation of 222Rn levels was studied using RAD-7 in a dwelling and seasonal variation of radon levels was also to be discussed in this paper
Thoron exhalation from building material and related indoor concentrations.
No full textIncreased concentrations of thoron (220Rn) were recently measured in residential traditional dwellings in China (Tschiersch and Müsch, 2005, Shang et al., 2005) and India (Sreenath Reddy et al., 2004). Because of the short half-life (56 s) of the radioactive rare gas, the main source of the indoor concentration is the surrounding building material. In the traditional dwellings, this is the bare soil floor, either soil in cave dwellings or unburned adobe bricks and unplastered stone in above ground dwellings. The thoron exhalation of these materials is studied in dependence of the parameters soil thorium content and humidity. The resulting thoron indoor concentration is not only determined by the exhalation but also by the air exchange with the outdoor air. At different air exchange rates the indoor thoron concentration is discussed in dependence of the exhalation rate. Because of the short half live of thoron, the indoor concentration is not homogeneous but increases towards the walls (Tschiersch and Müsch, 2005). In a large model room, thoron concentration profiles are analysed in regard to exhalation rate and air exchange rate. Normalised profiles are generated and generalised
Study of natural background gamma radiation levels in Hyderabad and its surroundings, Andhra Pradesh, India
No full text778-781The natural
background gamma radiation levels were measured in the dwellings of urban Hyderabad and its
surroundings using thermoluminescence (TL) dosimeters and Geiger-Muller based
R-survey meter. The measured minimum, maximum and average radiation levels
were found to be 226, 506 and 314±47 nGyh−1 for urban Hyderabad and 190, 462 and 309± 81 nGyh−1 for
surroundings of Hyderabad.
In this study, the natural background gamma radiation levels in different
dwellings with types of constructions have been correlated. It was found that
these levels are higher in the constructions made by mud, which is of local
soil. The annual effective dose due to natural background gamma radiation
exposure in the Hyderabad
and its surroundings is calculated and found to be 1.54±0.23 mSv and 1.52±0.40
mSv, respectively
Radiological Risk Assessment due to Radon and Thoron in the Dwellings of Peddamula Village, Nalgonda District, Telangana, India
No full text467-471Radon and thoron are significant contributors for radiological risk in indoors and are originating from decay chain of
uranium and thorium, which are prevalent in the environment. These concentrations in indoors depends on the presence of
uranium and thorium concentration, and lifestyle of the habitants. The village “Peddamula” is located in the neighbourhood
area of proposed mining for exploration of uranium. The estimated concentration of radon and thoron is found in the range
14- 448 Bq.m-3 with an average value of 120 ± 82 Bq.m-3 (GM 100Bq.m-3), and vary from 7 to 452 Bq.m-3with an average
value of 154 ± 111 Bq.m-3 (GM 112Bq.m-3), respectively. Computed the contribution to the effective dose per annum from,
radon 3.02 mSv.y-1 and thoron is 4.32mSv.y-1. In this paper the seasonal variation and distribution of 222Rn and 220Rn levels
in the dwellings of the study area will be discussed
Design of a climate-responsive BIPV research facility in Bangalore
No full textThis paper describes the design and erection of a climate-responsive Building Integrated Photovoltaic (BIPV) structure in Bangalore, (12.58 N, 77.38 E) in the state of Karnataka, India. Building Integrated Photovoltaics integrate solar panels as part of a building structure (roofs and walls) with an aim to achieve self-sufficiency in the operation and occupant-comfort energy requirements. A joint collaboration between the Centre for Sustainable Technologies, Indian Institute of Science (IISc) and Bharat Heavy Electricals Limited (BHEL) is setting up a 70,000 US$ facility for research in BIPV structures. The structure utilizes low energy building materials like Stabilized Mud Blocks (SMB) integrated with a PV roof. Numerous challenges were overcome in the design of the BIPV roof including mechanisms for natural thermal comfort in response to Bangalore's climatic conditions. The paper presents the challenges overcome in the design and construction of a low energy, climate-responsive BIPV structure
Closed incision negative pressure therapy:international multidisciplinary consensus recommendations
Get PDFSurgical site occurrences (SSOs) affect up to or over 25% of patients undergoing operative procedures, with the subset of surgical site infections (SSIs) being the most common. Commercially available closed incision negative pressure therapy (ciNPT) may offer surgeons an additional option to manage clean, closed surgical incisions. We conducted an extensive literature search for studies describing ciNPT use and assembled a diverse panel of experts to create consensus recommendations for when using ciNPT may be appropriate. A literature search of MEDLINE, EMBASE and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials using key words 'prevention', 'negative pressure wound therapy (NPWT)', 'active incisional management', 'incisional vacuum therapy', 'incisional NPWT', 'incisional wound VAC', 'closed incisional NPWT', 'wound infection', and 'SSIs' identified peer-reviewed studies published from 2000 to 2015. During a multidisciplinary consensus meeting, the 12 experts reviewed the literature, presented their own ciNPT experiences, identified risk factors for SSOs and developed comprehensive consensus recommendations. A total of 100 publications satisfied the search requirements for ciNPT use. A majority presented data supporting ciNPT use. Numerous publications reported SSI risk factors, with the most common including obesity (body mass index ≥30 kg/m(2) ); diabetes mellitus; tobacco use; or prolonged surgical time. We recommend that the surgeon assess the individual patient's risk factors and surgical risks. Surgeons should consider using ciNPT for patients at high risk for developing SSOs or who are undergoing a high-risk procedure or a procedure that would have highly morbid consequences if an SSI occurred.</p
