1,721,027 research outputs found
La teoria della stima di Mandeville tra "amour propre" e "philautia"
No full textThe paper explores the development of the theory of esteem in Mandeville’s works. In particular, it focuses on the sources and the transformations of his lexicon of passions. My aim is to show that the development of Mandeville’s conceptual reflection goes hand in hand with the evolution of his lexical tools, and that he gradually abandons the language of the French Jansenists. Finally, I put forward the hypothesis that Mandeville found in the English translation of «Praise of Folly» by Erasmus of Rotterdam the term with which he defines the desire for esteem. Mandeville is, therefore, a pivotal author in the process of both secularization of the language, and theories of esteem in Eighteenth-century Britain
L'idea di degenerazione nel pensiero di Rousseau
No full textThe idea of degeneration in Rousseau's thought. The Author analyses the part played by the idea of degeneration in "Discours sur l'origine et les fondements de l'inégalité parmi les homes" in the light of the degeneration theory formulated by French physicians and naturalists between the 1740s and 1760s. Rousseau draws both from the medical and the naturalist traditions of degeneration and applies them to his analysis of human historical development, adding alongside it a theory of moral degeneration, from which proceeds a theory of political degeneration
Introduction. Liberalism, Anti-Liberalism and Beyond
No full textOne of the most important lessons from experience we learned in the past decades is the acceleration of changes in international politics, internal regimes as well as in academic research. Climate changes, Covid pandemic and Russia's invasion of Ukraine have completely overturned previous narratives of globalization and the world (dis)order. In the second half of 20th century, studies on the processes of democratization mainly focused on the transition from autocratic to democratic regimes, but contemporary research on democratization has dramatically changed in the past two decades. This book offers a contribution to critically rethink not only the illiberal wind blowing on contenporary democracies, but also the illiberal and undemocratic side of those liberal theories which, equating democratic procedure with market economy, prefer to defend inequality at the expenses of rights. Complexity is what we can learn from experience, an experience that, as we have seen in empirical research, risks too often to be flattened on the horizon of the present time, and at the same time cannot be captured by normative theories which are often blind to the facts
Lettera a Dione : Originata dal suo libro intitolato Alcifrone o il filosofo minuto
No full text"Lettera a Dione" è l'ultima opera scritta da Mandeville, pochi mesi prima di morire, in risposta alle accuse che il vescovo irlandese George Berkeley gli aveva mosso nel suo "Alcifrone". E' la prima volta che il medico olandese risponde direttamente a un suo detrattore. Lo fa per sciogliere i paradossi, le ambiguità e le incomprensioni che inizialmente avevano contribuito allo straodinario successo della "Favola delle api", ma che poi avevano portato alla condanna dell'opera da parte del Grand Jury del Middlesex. In quest'opera Mandeville abbandona il suo stile di scrittura ambigio e paradossale e ci offre la chiave di lettura di tutto il suo pensiero
Common Law, Mandeville and the Scottish Enlightenment : at the origin of the evolutionary theory of historical development
No full textThis essay explores the origins of Bernard Mandeville’s evolutionary theory of social and political institutions, and will show that he built the framework of his overall social theory on the English common law tradition. Its rst aim is to explain why, beginning from the 1720s, the law gained such importance in Mandeville’s work, and to analyse the different roles that it played in the Fable of the Bees and the Fable of the Bees Part II. The essay’s second hypothesis is that Mandeville may have been inspired by the work of Sir Matthew Hale and drew on the common law tradition when developing his own evolutionary view of law, which he used as the blueprint for a new kind of social theory
La malattia inglese : la melanconia nella tradizione filosofica e medica dell'Inghilterra moderna
No full textLa ricerca si sviluppa in due direzioni. Dapprima, attraverso l'analisi di trattati medici e lo studio di opere a sfondo teologico-morale, ricostruisce il dibattito tra due grandi tradizioni in conflitto, quella medico-scientifica e quella filosofico-religiosa, a partire dal problema della possessione demoniaca. Ripercorre poi analiticamente lo sviluppo del dibattito interno alla tradizione medica inglese sulle cause e sulle terapie della melanconia
La paura dell'immigrazione : l'utilizzo politico della psichiatria negli Stati Uniti
No full textNel saggio viene analizzato l'utilizzo politico della teoria della degenerazione al fine di selezionare i migranti negli Stati Uniti tra la fine del XIX e l'inizio del XX secolo
Nichilismo e politica : la fragilità della verità e la forza delle menzogne
No full textAnalisi della funzione politica della menzogna in alcuni degli autori più significativi della tradizione filosofico-politica occidentale
La funzione sociale dell'opinione pubblica e il processo di civilizzazione in John Stuart Mill
Full text linkIn the first part of my paper, I reconstruct the complex judgment on the process of civilization formulated by Mill starting from the essay Civilization. In particular, I intend to highlight the relationship be- tween freedom and constraint in the primitive and the civilized stage. Furthermore, I focus on Mill's considerations of the positive and negative effects of the process of civilization. In the second part, however, I intend to show that there are two different opinions on the social func- tion of public opinion that can be traced back to two different groups of works: on the one hand, in Civilization and On Liberty, Mill takes up Tocquevillian themes and arguments. Public opinion is therefore configured as a tyrannical force and as such as a danger to the autonomy and freedom of the individual; on the other hand, in works such as On Perfectibility, Utilitarianism and Considerations on Representative Government, Mill argues that public opinion has an educational function. In the third part, I show the close correlation that exists between the stage of civilization achieved by society and the social function that public opinion should have
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