15 research outputs found
PLASTICITY AND ADAPTABILITY OF RED BEET ACCESSIONS IN VERTICAL ZONATION OF CENTRAL PRE-CAUCASIAN REGION
No full textThe problem to choose and use ecologically plasticiable cultivar accessions is one of the most important stage of the program for adaptive vegetable production. The right decision of the problem leads to rational utilization of material and natural resources, decreasing the expenses and charges. For successful development of vegetable breeding the cultivar adaptive specifications is necessary to know. Vertical zonation along with hydrothermal condition had an essential effect on yield of red beet. Not being depended on maturity type of cultivar accession their yield increased by 1.9-3.2 t/ha successively from plains towards mountain zone, corresponding to pre-mountain and mountainous regions in Chechen Republic. On average, for tree-year study the highest yield was 45.8 and 45.1 t/ha in cultivars ‘Bona’ and ‘Tsilindra’ respectively, not being depended on the zone of cultivation. The cultivars ‘Donskaya Ploskaya’ (flat), and ‘Odnorostkovaya’ were sources of ecological resistance, while the cultivars ‘Boltardy’ and ‘Detroit’ were sources of productivity. The cultivars ‘Boltardy’ and ‘Gribovskaya Ploskaya’ that had been responsive on regulated environmental factors and resistant to unregulated environmental factors were of multipurpose usage and intensive-cultivation type. The ‘Bordo 237’, Dvusemiyannaya TCKHA’, ‘Odnorostkovaya’ and ‘Tsilindra’ were distinguished from other by accumulation of dry matter and total sugars in all zones of cultivation. On cultivation zone change from steppe towards pre-mountain and mountainous region, the tendency was revealed that dry matter, total sugars and vitamin C content had increased, while the nitrate content had only depended on cultivar features
EFFECT OF FERTILIZATION ON THE YIELD OF RED BEET
No full textThe field experiment has revealed that application of green manure and mulching of seedlings by organic matters and zeolite-containing clay increases the amount of nitrogen, phosphorus, and improves agro-physical parameters of soil. As consequence the yield of red beet has increased up to 14-34%, the root weight has increased up to 11-16 g, and the standard output has increased up to 3-7%. The improvement of biochemical and phytosanitary quality of roots was revealed
MODELING OF YIELD AND QUALITY OF TABLE ROOT CROPS WITH THE USE OF DIFFERENT AGROTECHNICAL METHODS
No full textThe effects of different fertilizer rates, irrigation, sowing rate for carrot and red beet were studied in the field condition in food-hills zone of Chechen Republic. The use of N40-80P40-80K40-80 caused the increase in yield from 22.8 to 30.8-33.2 t/ha or by 35-46%, when cultivating a carrot crop. Under irrigation the yield increases by 30-33%. Application of N40P40K40 and maintenance of soil moisture at 70% of moisture rate provoked the improvement in value, market and biochemical characteristics of roots; where the increased contents of dry matter, total sugar and vitamins were observed. The mathematical modeling for the process of yielding abilities and root quality in carrot and red beet showed that highest productivity can be achieved on chernozem soil at Central Pre-Caucasus zone when the level of mineral plant nutrition was N40-60P40-60K40-60. The further increment in fertilizer doses does not bring an improvement to yields and leads to decrease in quality of yields. The increased level of antecedent soil water moisture 70-75% of moisture rates does not raise the yield, on the contrary decreasing at the same time the root quality. The use of mathematical modeling enables to rationally define the fertilizer rates depending on application of irrigation and sowing rates in cultivation of carrot and red beet
ПЛАСТИЧНОСТЬ И АДАПТИВНОСТЬ СВЕКЛЫ СТОЛОВОЙ В УСЛОВИЯХ ВЕРТИКАЛЬНОЙ ЗОНАЛЬНОСТИ ЦЕНТРАЛЬНОГО ПРЕДКАВКАЗЬЯ
No full textThe problem to choose and use ecologically plasticiable cultivar accessions is one of the most important stage of the program for adaptive vegetable production. The right decision of the problem leads to rational utilization of material and natural resources, decreasing the expenses and charges. For successful development of vegetable breeding the cultivar adaptive specifications is necessary to know. Vertical zonation along with hydrothermal condition had an essential effect on yield of red beet. Not being depended on maturity type of cultivar accession their yield increased by 1.9-3.2 t/ha successively from plains towards mountain zone, corresponding to pre-mountain and mountainous regions in Chechen Republic. On average, for tree-year study the highest yield was 45.8 and 45.1 t/ha in cultivars ‘Bona’ and ‘Tsilindra’ respectively, not being depended on the zone of cultivation. The cultivars ‘Donskaya Ploskaya’ (flat), and ‘Odnorostkovaya’ were sources of ecological resistance, while the cultivars ‘Boltardy’ and ‘Detroit’ were sources of productivity. The cultivars ‘Boltardy’ and ‘Gribovskaya Ploskaya’ that had been responsive on regulated environmental factors and resistant to unregulated environmental factors were of multipurpose usage and intensive-cultivation type. The ‘Bordo 237’, Dvusemiyannaya TCKHA’, ‘Odnorostkovaya’ and ‘Tsilindra’ were distinguished from other by accumulation of dry matter and total sugars in all zones of cultivation. On cultivation zone change from steppe towards pre-mountain and mountainous region, the tendency was revealed that dry matter, total sugars and vitamin C content had increased, while the nitrate content had only depended on cultivar features
Formation of highly productive agrophytocenoses of <i>Raphanus sativus</i> L. subsp. <i>acanthiformis</i> (Blanch.) Stankev. in the conditions of the North Caucasus
No full textRelevance. One of the most important tasks of agricultural production is to provide the population of the regions with vegetables at the expense of local production. Despite the social significance of the vegetable growing industry, its development in the Central Ciscaucasia at the present stage allows only half to meet the demand of the population. For the Chechen Republic, where the area of arable land is limited, the daikon (Raphanus sativus L. subsp. acanthiformis (Blanch.) Stankev.) Has a certain perspective, especially for cultivation in the summer-autumn period, after early harvesting of vegetables and field crops.Results. Under the conditions of the Chechen Republic, the maximum yield of root crops (29.0 t/ha) and marketability of 65% of the early maturing variety Sasha was obtained with a sowing time of 31.07 and a scheme of 35x10 cm. The highest yield of root crops of varieties Dubinushka, Dragon, Favorit was formed at a sowing time of 17.07 (58.1, 62.3 and 57.3 t/ha, respectively), and variety Moskovsky Bogatyr – at a sowing time of 3.07 (72.3 t/ha) at sowing scheme 70x10 cm
Factors increasing productivity of aubergine under seedless cultivation in irrigated conditions of Astrakhan region
No full textRelevance. To increase the yield of aubergine, a number of agrotechnical methods have been studied. In the conditions of the Astrakhan region, one of the methods is the cultivation of aubergine without seedlings, in which it is very important to select varieties adapted to these conditions, suitable for the duration of the growing season. Cultivation of aubergine without seedling method, in comparison with seedling method, allows to exclude material and technical costs for growing seedlings. To increase the productivity of selected varieties, an important agronomic technique is the use of plant growth regulators that increase plant resistance to unfavourable environmental factors and have a stimulating effect on plant growth and development.Material and methodology. In conditions of Astrakhan region on alluvial-meadow, medium-loamy soils with granulometric composition were carried out studies to identify varieties that are best adapted to these natural-climatic conditions and give the highest yields in seedless cultivation. In the second experiment on seedless aubergine the effect of growth regulators on plant productivity was studied using preparations - Melafen, BP, Gibbersib, P, Biodux, Zh, Epin extra, R.Results. On drip irrigation in conditions of Astrakhan region under cultivation by seedless method were studied varietal characteristics of 6 varieties of aubergine with fruits of cylindrical shape, fruit index 4,3-4,4. Among the varieties studied, Almaz and Alekseevsky stood out by the main productivity indicators, forming 6.2-6.6 pieces of fruit per plant with an average weight of 220.7-223.5 g, which provided the formation of yield 42.3-45.8 tonnes/ha. The use of plant growth regulators Melafen, BP and Epin Extra, P on the variety Alexeevsky at the seedless method of cultivation promoted the friendly appearance of shoots, activated growth processes; the number of lateral shoots increased by 1.3-1.5 pieces, the raw above-ground weight of plants was greater by 29.1-34.0 g, the total yield increased by 27.1-34.5%, compared with the control. The varieties most suitable for growing by seedless method and showing the highest yield were identified - Alekseevsky, Almaz. It was found that the use of growth regulators accelerated plant development, increased the height of the main stem and the number of lateral shoots, weight and number of fruits on the plant, which was reflected in plant productivity. Application of growth regulator Epin extra, P allowed to obtain a yield of 52.2 t/ha, which was 34.5% higher than the yield of the control
INFLUENCE OF FERTILIZERS AND IRRIGATION ON THE YIELD AND QUALITY OF BEET ROOTS
No full textIn field experiments, the optimal pre-irrigation moisture levels of the soil, plant density and fertilizer regulations to ensure maximizing the table beet crops with good qualities of roots under foothill zone of the Chechen Republic have been found
Assessment of Therapeutic Efficacy of 5% Sodium Hydrocarbonate Solution in Case of Nodular Dermatitis of Cattle
No full textThis article provides information on studies and evaluations of therapeutic efficacy of 5 % sodium bicarbonate solution in case of nodular dermatitis of cattle. Due to the market expansion of veterinary drugs, the periodization of unusual and new medicines as well as control methods of pathogens of farm livestock, having therapeutic and prophylactic effect, is under permanent control of specialists in the field of veterinary medicine. Recently the importance of finding modern means and methods of dealing with animal diseases aimed at the restoration of the body homeostasis has increased significantly in order to ensure the physiologically normal functioning of many enzymes, hormones and the whole body. There is a need for their rational use based on the study of changes in clinical and biochemical parameters occurring in the body under their influence and other factors contributing to the development of normal physiological status of the body (homeostasis). Based on the above, the present studies were based not only on etiological and pathogenetic, but also sanogenetic ideas about diseases with the aim of choosing the means that form the body’s normal physiological status (body homeostasis restoration), taking into account physiological characteristics of animals, and thereby providing the best medical and prophylactic efficacy [4]. Periodization of new drugs and methods to combat animal diseases that contribute to the restoration of body homeostasis is very important. This importantance has become even more significant since the increased sanitary and hygienic requirements for the use of veterinary drugs in animal husbandry, primarily for the treatment of dairy animals, which will serve as a guarantee for obtaining livestock products safe from the point of view of veterinary and sanitary norms and excellent sanitary quality
Формирование высокопродуктивных агрофитоценозов Raphanus sativus L. subsp. acanthiformis (Blanch.) Stankev. в условиях Северного Кавказа
No full textRelevance. One of the most important tasks of agricultural production is to provide the population of the regions with vegetables at the expense of local production. Despite the social significance of the vegetable growing industry, its development in the Central Ciscaucasia at the present stage allows only half to meet the demand of the population. For the Chechen Republic, where the area of arable land is limited, the daikon (Raphanus sativus L. subsp. acanthiformis (Blanch.) Stankev.) Has a certain perspective, especially for cultivation in the summer-autumn period, after early harvesting of vegetables and field crops.Results. Under the conditions of the Chechen Republic, the maximum yield of root crops (29.0 t/ha) and marketability of 65% of the early maturing variety Sasha was obtained with a sowing time of 31.07 and a scheme of 35x10 cm. The highest yield of root crops of varieties Dubinushka, Dragon, Favorit was formed at a sowing time of 17.07 (58.1, 62.3 and 57.3 t/ha, respectively), and variety Moskovsky Bogatyr – at a sowing time of 3.07 (72.3 t/ha) at sowing scheme 70x10 cm.Актуальность. Одной из важнейших задач сельскохозяйственного производства является обеспечение населения регионов овощами за счет местного производства. Несмотря на социальную значимость отрасли овощеводства, ее развитие в Центральном Предкавказье на современном этапе позволяет лишь на половину удовлетворять спрос населения. Для Чеченской Республики, где площадь пахотных земель ограничена, дайкон (Raphanus sativus L. subsp. acanthiformis (Blanch.) Stankev.) имеет определенную перспективу, особенно для возделывания в летне-осенний период, после раноубираемых овощных и полевых культур.Результаты. В условиях Чеченской Республики максимальная урожайность корнеплодов 29,0 т/га и товарность 65% раннеспелого сорта Саша получена при сроке посева 31.07 и схеме 35х10 см. Наибольшую урожайность корнеплодов сортов Дубинушка, Дракон, Фаворит формировалась при сроке посева 17.07 (58,1, 62,3 и 57,3 т/га соответственно), а у сорта Московский богатырь – при сроке посева 3.07 (72,3 т/га) при схеме посева 70х10 см
МОДЕЛИРОВАНИЕ УРОЖАЙНОСТИ И КАЧЕСТВА СТОЛОВЫХ КОРНЕПЛОДОВ ПРИ ИСПОЛЬЗОВАНИИ РАЗЛИЧНЫХ АГРОТЕХНИЧЕСКИХ ПРИЕМОВ
No full textThe effects of different fertilizer rates, irrigation, sowing rate for carrot and red beet were studied in the field condition in food-hills zone of Chechen Republic. The use of N40-80P40-80K40-80 caused the increase in yield from 22.8 to 30.8-33.2 t/ha or by 35-46%, when cultivating a carrot crop. Under irrigation the yield increases by 30-33%. Application of N40P40K40 and maintenance of soil moisture at 70% of moisture rate provoked the improvement in value, market and biochemical characteristics of roots; where the increased contents of dry matter, total sugar and vitamins were observed. The mathematical modeling for the process of yielding abilities and root quality in carrot and red beet showed that highest productivity can be achieved on chernozem soil at Central Pre-Caucasus zone when the level of mineral plant nutrition was N40-60P40-60K40-60. The further increment in fertilizer doses does not bring an improvement to yields and leads to decrease in quality of yields. The increased level of antecedent soil water moisture 70-75% of moisture rates does not raise the yield, on the contrary decreasing at the same time the root quality. The use of mathematical modeling enables to rationally define the fertilizer rates depending on application of irrigation and sowing rates in cultivation of carrot and red beet.В условиях полевых опытов, проведенных в предгорной зоне Чеченской республики, изучали влияние различных доз удобрений, орошения и нормы высева моркови и свеклы столовой. Использование N40-80P40-80K40-80 при возделывании моркови столовой обеспечивает рост урожайности с 22,8 до 30,8-33,2 т/га, или на 35-46%. Под влиянием орошения урожайность возрастает на 30-33%. Применение N40P40K40 и поддержание влажности почвы на уровне 70% НВ при выращивании моркови обеспечивает улучшение товарно-хозяйственных и биохимических показателей корнеплодов, что проявляется в увеличении содержания сухого вещества, суммы сахаров и витаминов. Математический моделирование процессов формирования урожайности и качества корнеплодов моркови и свеклы столовой показывает, что для формирования максимальной продуктивности в условиях черноземных почв предгорной зоны Центрального Предкавказья оптимальный уровень минерального питания должен быть на уровне N40-60P40-60K40-60. Дальнейший рост доз удобрений не обеспечивает прироста урожайности и приводит к снижению качества продукции. Повышение уровня предполивной влажности свыше 70-75% НВ также не обеспечивает роста урожайности и вместе с тем снижает качество корнеплодов. Использование математических моделей позволяет рационально определять нормы применения удобрений в зависимости от применения орошения и нормы высева при выращивании моркови и свеклы столовой
