2,677 research outputs found
Ultrasonographic assessment of finger and toe joint inflammation in rheumatoid arthritis: comment on the article by Szkudlarek et al
No full textMusculoskeletal ultrasonography is an examiner-dependent technique. Is this statement still valid?
No full textMusculoskeletal ultrasonography has become an established imaging technique in rheumatology, especially in the detection of early inflammation. It has been stated that the main disadvantage is its examiner-dependency. However, an inter-reader reliability between a larger number of ultrasonographers has not yet been systematically evaluated. Contrary to previous opinions, recent studies showed moderate to good inter-observer reliabilities between ultrasonographers. The kappa values were comparable to those achieved by radiologists evaluating magnetic resonance imaging. However, the studies also show that a dynamic examination of all joints and an inclusion of the palmar and dorsal sides of the finger joints are necessary. In musculoskeletal ultrasonography a differentiation between healthy and pathological tissue can roughly be performed by taking the mean with a 2-fold standard deviation of healthy tissue, a more precise cut-off can be calculated by ROC analysis with the necessity of adding data of pathological tissue
Sonography in early arthritis
No full textThe ability of ultrasonography to visualise soft tissue changes provides a possibility to differentiate between exudative and proliferative synovial tissue changes as well as tenosynovitis. Superficial cartilage and bone lesions can be detected earlier by ultrasonography than by conventional radiography. The application of power Doppler ultrasonography and contrast agents is especially helpful in the further differentiation of synovial changes and makes a differentiation between active and inactive inflammation possible. Musculoskeletal ultrasonography is helpful in the diagnosis of early arthritis, especially in patients with inconspicuous conventional radiography or suspicious clinical findings. It is a convenient method for follow-up analysis and therefore has impact on therapy monitoring. It is a patient friendly method and has proved to be an important tool for the diagnostic work-up of arthritis
Open Practices Disclosure, LakensOpenPracticesDisclosure – Equivalence Testing for Psychological Research: A Tutorial
No full textOpen Practices Disclosure, LakensOpenPracticesDisclosure for Equivalence Testing for Psychological Research: A Tutorial by Daniël Lakens, Anne M. Scheel, and Peder M. Isager in Advances in Methods and Practices in Psychological Science</p
Heinrich Scheel, Die Mainzer Republik m. Die erste burgerlich-demokratische Republik auf deutschem Boden. Eine Darstellung mit 54 Abbildungen, 10 Spezialstudien und einer Farbfaltkarte
No full textGilli Marita. Heinrich Scheel, Die Mainzer Republik m. Die erste burgerlich-demokratische Republik auf deutschem Boden. Eine Darstellung mit 54 Abbildungen, 10 Spezialstudien und einer Farbfaltkarte. In: Annales historiques de la Révolution française, n°282, 1990. pp. 521-522
Rezension von: "Et respondeat." Studien zum deutschen Theater des Mittelalters. Festschrift für Johan Nowé, hrsg. von Katja Scheel (2002)
No full textSchumacher M. Rezension von: "Et respondeat." Studien zum deutschen Theater des Mittelalters. Festschrift für Johan Nowé, hrsg. von Katja Scheel (2002). Daphnis. 2002;31:738-740
Skin-friction field in turbulent convection
No full textThe dynamics of the boundary layers of temperature and velocity are the key to deeper understanding of turbulent transport of heat and momentum in thermal convection. Here, the structure of the skin friction field at the bottom and top plates of a Rayleigh-B\'{e}nard convection setup is investigated. We therefore analyze data obtained in direct numerical simulations of Rayleigh-B\'{e}nard convection in a cylindrical cell of aspect ratio . Our analysis is focused to critical points of the two-dimensional skin friction field at the walls. We analyze the statistics of the critical points and relate them to the thermal plumes which detach from the wall and move up into bulk
Bcl-xL mediates therapeutic resistance of a mesenchymal breast cancer cell subpopulation.
No full textThe transition from an epithelial to a mesenchymal phenotype (EMT) confers increased invasiveness and clonogenic potential to tumor cells. We used a breast epithelium-derived cell culture model to evaluate the impact of EMT on the cellular sensitivity towards chemotherapeutics and apoptotic stimuli. Cells that had passed through an EMT acquired resistance towards chemotherapeutics and death ligands. Mechanistically, we found that the levels of the apoptosis inhibitor Bcl-xL were strongly enhanced in mesenchymal versus epithelial cells, whereas the pro-apoptotic proteins Bim and Puma were diminished. Clinical samples from breast cancer showed enhanced Bcl-xL staining in cells that had dispersed into the desmoplastic stroma, as compared to cells that were part of large tumor cell aggregates, suggesting increased Bcl-xL expression when cells invade the stroma. Bcl-xL was necessary for apoptotic resistance in mesenchymal cells, and its expression was sufficient to confer such resistance to epithelial cells. To antagonize Bcl-xL, BH3-mimetics were used. They successfully interfered with the proliferation and survival of mesenchymal cells, and also inhibited the growth of xenograft tumors raised from the mesenchymal subpopulation. We conclude that enhanced Bcl-xL levels confer resistance to cells upon EMT, and that Bcl-xL represents a promising target for therapy directed against invasive cancer cells
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