43 research outputs found
Esplorando le risorse naturali dei bambini nella costruzione della struttura moltiplicativa
No full text“Nothing is more practical than a good theory” (Skemp). In this paper we refer to a model of cognitive dynamics originally derived from a wide empirical evidence and now also supported by some neurophenomenological research. We will show how this particular framework constitutes a powerful theoretical tool to plan didactical situations and to interpret cognitive pupils’ behaviours. To show this in detail, we will present and analyze two excerpts of a long term class activity concerning the construction of an algebraic point of view on multiplication in 6/7 aged children
Un progetto di ricerca-azione sulle strutture aritmetiche nella scuola di base
No full textNell'intervento si rende conto di un progetto sperimentale coordinato dalle autrici presso la scuola elementare Madonna Assunta, 73° circolo di Napoli, che ha come oggetto i processi di insegnamento/apprendimento delle strutture elementari dell'aritmetica. Nell'azione di ricerca, iniziata nel 2003/2004, le ricercatrici hanno seguito una classe elementare dalla prima alla quinta, cercando in collaborazione con l'insegnante di creare “dinamiche di comprensione risonante” ed osservarne il funzionamento. Il termine “risonanza” si riferisce qui all'interazione tra i modi di capire individuali e gli strumenti culturali veicolati dalla mediazione didattica. Il presente lavoro ha l'obiettivo di chiarire quali sono i punti di forza della situazione sperimentale (giunta al momento della presentazione al quarto anno dei cinque previsti), e quali punti del percorso didattico sono emersi come “critici” per aver fatto emergere la necessità di un'opera di “mediazione culturale” svolta dagli adulti particolarmente attenta e sensibile alle difficoltà incontrate dai bambini. Nell'intervento si espongono i riferimenti teorici (didattica della matematica, neuroscienze, psicologia), le scelte metodologiche, gli strumenti di analisi adottati, sono descritte alcune attività particolarmente significative per il percorso sperimentale, si traggono parziali conclusioni e vengono delineate future direzioni di ricerca
Exploiting children’s natural resources to build the multiplicative structure
No full text“Nothing is more practical than a good theory” (Skemp). In this paper we refer to a model of cognitive dynamics originally derived from wide empirical evidence and now also supported by some neurophenomenological research. We will show how this
particular framework constitutes a powerful theoretical tool to plan didactical situations and to interpret students’ cognitive behaviors. To show this in detail, we will present and analyze two excerpts of a long term class activity concerning the construction of an
algebraic point of view on multiplication in children aged 6-7
Understanding basic arithmetics by “Resonance” approach: from addition to multiplication in first grade
No full textWe sketchly account for the first year of a teaching experiment (in two first-grade classes) aimed to validate a new approach to the teaching of basic mathematics, at elementary level. Our approach deeply involves children in long term “prototypical” activities where, playing with small numbers, they can seize the basic syntactic and semantic structures underlying a sound “number sense”
Preliminary data about paraoxonase (PON1) in newborn calves : age related variation and comparison between healthy and sick animals
No full textSerum paraoxonase-1 activity in neonatal calves: Age related variations and comparison between healthy and sick animals
No full textEarly detection of inflammation in neonatal calves allows early intervention, which may reduce mortality. Paraoxonase-1 (PON1) is a negative acute phase protein in humans. The aims of this study were to investigate age-related variability in serum PON1 activity and its clinical usefulness in neonatal calves. In healthy calves (n= 9), PON1 activity increased with age from 2 to 21. days of age. There was no significant increase in PON1 activity in healthy calves from days 21 to 120 (n= 15), but PON1 activity was significantly higher in adult cattle (n= 45). In sick calves, serum PON1 was significantly lower in calves 28- to 120-days-old with respiratory disease (n= 8) in comparison with age matched controls (n= 20 and n= 15, respectively). These results support the role of PON1 as a negative acute phase protein in cattle
Preliminary study about paraoxonase activity In canine serum : correlation between crp and paraoxonase acute phase proteins
No full textSerum paraoxonase 1 activity in dogs: preanalytical and analytical factors and correlation with C-reactive protein and alpha-2-globulin
No full textBackground: Serum activity of paraoxonase (PON1) decreases during inflammation in many species. Little information is available on paraoxon-based tests and the possible role of PON1 in dogs. Objectives: The objectives of the study were to validate an automated paraoxon-based assay to measure PON1 activity in canine serum, to determine its stability under different storage conditions, to determine a reference interval (RI) in healthy dogs, and to assess whether PON1 is of comparable diagnostic value as C-reactive protein (CRP) and α2-globulins. Methods: Intra-assay and inter-assay imprecision, linearity under dilution (LUD), interference, and storage artifacts were evaluated. A PON1 RI was determined for healthy dogs, and PON1 activity, sensitivity, and specificity were compared with CRP and α2-globulins. Results: Intra- and inter-assay CVs were below 1.6% and 7.8%, respectively. The LUD test fitted the linear model. PON1 activity measurements were increased after addition of hemolysates and lipids, and after storage for 12 hours at room temperature, 72 hours at 4°C, and 6 months at -20°C. PON1 activity and CRP or α2-globulins did not correlate well. PON1 activity decreased significantly only in dogs with very high CRP concentrations. In contrast to CRP and α2-globulins, PON1 activity was not significantly different between dogs with and without inflammation. Conclusions: The automated paraoxon-based method to assess serum canine PON1 activity was accurate and precise, but it was influenced by hemolysis, lipemia, and standard storage conditions. In this study, contrarily to CRP and α2-globulins, PON1 activity did not provide diagnostic value as a negative acute phase protein in dogs
The Sober Self: Discourse and identity of recovering alcoholics in the Western Highlands of Guatemala
No full textThis item is available only to currently enrolled UTSA students, faculty or staff. To download, navigate to Log In in the top right-hand corner of this screen, then select Log in with my UTSA ID.In this dissertation, I focus on how political, economic, and cultural histories influence experiences of alcohol abuse and alcoholism recovery amongst indigenous community members in Panajachel, Guatemala. My research goals were twofold: 1) to document and understand the political, economic, and sociocultural processes that impact the prevalence of alcoholism, treatment options and experiences, and sobriety attempts among Panajachelense problem drinkers and 2) to use this information to contribute to ongoing efforts to expand and improve mental health outreach to problem drinkers in the area. I combine ethnographic and epidemiological methodologies within a critically engaged phenomenological framework to document the enduring influence of discriminatory discourses on the lived experience of alcohol addiction and recovery in a historically oppressed population, namely the Kaqchikel Maya.
Utilizing ethnographic, epidemiological, and critical discourse analysis from data derived from fifteen months of fieldwork, I argue that national historical discourses that equated indigeneity with alcoholism continue to impact perceptions of alcoholic individuals at the local level. While both men and women are affected by alcoholism, national and local discourses typically focus on male drinking. Moreover, prevalence data I collected highlight how alcoholism disproportionately affects men in Panajachel. As such, the primary focus of this dissertation is centered on male alcoholic individuals in the process of recovery. I demonstrate how the phenomenological shift from an alcoholic identity to a sober self is influenced and constructed by historical political and contemporary social and economic processes amongst the Kaqchikel Maya in Panajachel. The difficult negotiation of sobriety arises from a state of disequilibrium between the external identity of "alcoholic" and the internal experience of the "sober self." The Sober Self is defined by a phenomenological shift in the natural attitude of the individual that radiates to those he is connected to within his lifeworld. Yet this transformation into the Sober Self is riddled with political, economic, and social barriers that define the experience of alcoholism and impede the process of recovery. Discrimination toward alcoholic individuals poses significant barriers to recovery. Additionally, available treatment models in the region do not meet the needs of the typical alcoholic Panajachelense.
The notion of the Sober Self expands upon emerging anthropological literature on self-transformation based in non-Americanized therapeutic processes for sobriety. This dissertation provides one of the first detailed portraits of the experience of alcoholism and recovery in indigenous communities within the Highlands of Guatemala. It builds upon previous anthropological work on alcoholism that limited discussion to the role of the church and Alcoholics Anonymous as primary mechanisms to achieve sobriety in the region. The work presented in this dissertation is meant to highlight the need for more comprehensive treatment programs in order to address the alcohol-related health, social, and economic issues found throughout the Western Highlands of Guatemala.Anthropolog
Ideología, Percepción del Sistema Normativo y su relación con la Tolerancia a la Transgresión y a la Corrupción en abogados peruanos
No full textLa presente investigación tuvo como objetivo estudiar la relación entre la SDO, Laxitud Moral
Política, Percepción del Sistema Normativo, Confianza en las Instituciones, Tolerancia a la
Transgresión Normativa y Tolerancia a la Corrupción en abogados peruanos. Se evaluó a 105
abogados, 62 hombres (59%) y 43 mujeres (41%), entre los 25 y 62 años (M = 33.54, DE=6.59).
Los resultados muestran una relación significativa y directa entre Laxitud Moral Política con
SDO, con Tolerancia a la Transgresión Normativa y con Corrupción como un mal menor. La
dimensión de Percepción de falta de legitimidad se relacionó con la dimensión de Corrupción
como un fenómeno normalizado y con Corrupción como un fenómeno necesario. Tolerancia a
la Corrupción correlacionó directamente con Tolerancia a la Transgresión Normativa. Se
encontraron relaciones significativas e inversas entre Percepción de Falta de Legitimidad,
Percepción de Transgresión y Percepción de Debilidad Normativa y algunas dimensiones de
Tolerancia a la corrupción con Confianza en ciertas instituciones. Por último, se encontraron
tres modelos de regresiones. El primer modelo de regresión estableció que la variable de
Laxitud Moral Política explica en un 15.2% la Tolerancia hacia el uso de dinero en beneficio
propio/soborno. El segundo modelo de regresión estableció que la dimensión de Percepción
de Debilidad Normativa explica en un 13% la Corrupción como un fenómeno normalizado. El
ultimo modelo de regresión estableció que la tolerancia a la corrupción es explicada en un
40% por la tolerancia a la transgresión normativa.The aim of this research was to study the relationship between SDO, Political Moral Laxity,
Perception of the Regulatory System, Trust in Institutions, Tolerance to Regulatory
Transgression and Tolerance to Corruption in Peruvian lawyers. A total of 105 lawyers were
evaluated, 62 men (59%) and 43 women (41%), between 25 and 62 years of age (M=33.54,
SD=6.59). The results show a significant and direct relationship was found between Political
Moral Laxity with SDO, with Tolerance to Normative Transgression and with Corruption as a
lesser evil. The dimension of Perception of Lack of Legitimacy was related to the dimension
of Corruption as a Normalized Phenomenon and to Corruption as a Necessary Phenomenon.
Tolerance to Corruption correlated directly with Tolerance to Normative Transgression.
Significant inverse relationships were found between Perception of Lack of Legitimacy,
Perception of Transgression and Perception of Normative Weakness and some dimensions of
Tolerance to Corruption with Trust in certain institutions. Finally, three regression models were
found. The first regression model established that the Political Moral Laxity variable explains
15.2% of the Tolerance to the use of money for personal benefit/bribery. The second regression
model established that the Normative Weakness Perception dimension explains 13% of
Corruption as a normalized phenomenon. The last regression model established that tolerance
to corruption is explained by 40% by tolerance to normative transgression
