1,721,090 research outputs found
Pressure distribution on wheelchair cushions in static sitting and during manual propulsion
No full textLow compliance of orthosis locomotion : selection criteria based on energy expenditure
No full textOxygen consumption (V̇O2), heart rate (HR) and cost of locomotion (C, energy required to cover 1 m per unit of transported mass) were measured in 14 paraplegics (age 19-59 yrs, BW 48-100 Kg, injury level C7-T11), during both wheelchair (Whch) and orthosis-assisted locomotion at 2-4 speeds, up to exhaustion (peak value, p). Subjects were divided into three groups; the HIP Guidance Orthosis Orlau Parawalker (PW, n=4), the Reciprocating Gait Orthosis (RGO, n=6) and the RGO with functional neuromuscular stimulation (RGO+FNS, n=4). Alms of the study were: a) to find out indicators of the poor long-term compliance (all but 2 RGO withdrawals in 5 yrs) on the basis of cost of locomotion and physical fitness; b) to assess selection criteria for the assignment of the different type of orthoses; c) to estimate whether electrical stimulation improves locomotion reducing fatigue. In RGO+FNS walking the slope difference of HR/V̇O2 curves between Whch and orthosis (ΔslHR/V̇O2) is significantly lower than in the other groups (=0 beats-l-1 for RGO+FNS vs 39 and 61 beats-I-1, for RGO and PW, respectively). Neither C, nor V̇O2P or ΔslHR/V̇O2 correlates with ortnosis length of use. C was higher (p<0.05) in RGO+FNS at low speeds (0.4-0.7 Km/h), but for medium to high speeds (0.7-1 Km/h) C was similar for the 3 orthoses, averaging 0.9*0.1 mlO2·m-1·Kg-1. It appears that: a) the poor long-term compliance for orthosis use depends on mechanisms (presumably psychological) apparently not related to fitness level; b) only those subjects who can deambulate at higher speeds might be suitable for electrical-stimulated types of orthosis. Hypothesis is made that adequate psychological and specific muscular training may improve compliance
Self-marking and related precision and accuracy in on-orbit experimental motion analysis.
No full textParaplegic adaptation to assisted-walking : Energy expenditure during wheelchair versus orthosis use
Full text linkStudy Design: To study the energy cost of locomotion during ambulation with different orthoses (HIP Guidance Orthosis Orlau Parawalker (PW), n = 4; Reciprocating Gait Orthosis (RGO), n = 6; RGO + FNS, n = 4). Objectives: Since high energy costs of locomotion have been proposed as a major reason for early rejection of orthotic use, our aims were (a) to evaluate the impact of functional neuromuscular stimulation (FNS) on energy expenditure during orthosis-assisted ambulation; (b) to study whether energy expenditure data can predict the poor long-term patients' compliance and (c) to assess selection criteria for the assignment of the different types of orthosis. Setting: The study was completed at the Center of Sports Medicine and Center of Bioengineering, 'don C. Gnocchi' Foundation, IRCCS, Milan, Italy. Methods: The HR/V̇O2 relationship and the energy cost of locomotion (C) were studied in 14 patients (lesion level C7-T11) during wheelchair (WHCH) use at various speeds and during locomotion with different orthotic devices. Patients' short- and long-term compliance were assessed by questionnaires evaluating duration of and problems related to orthotic use. Results: (a) In patients using RGO + FNS the slope difference of HR/V̇O2 curves (Δ(s1)HR/ V̇O2) between WHCH and orthosis was significantly lower than in other groups (-3 beats 1-1 in RGO + FNS vs 43 and 52 beats 1-1 in RGO and PW, respectively); (b) neither C, nor VO2 peak, or Δ(s1)HR/V̇O2 correlated with orthosis duration of use; (c) in the RGO + FNS group, C was lower at maximal walking speed, which linearly correlated with maximal WHCH speed. Conclusion: (a) Electrical stimulation seems to improve locomotion, as a consequence of hemodynamic effects, but does not decrease energy expenditure, which remains high; (b) the poor long-term compliance to orthosis use cannot be predicted by the energy expenditure parameters; (c) the subjects who can reach high speeds by WHCH seem to be the most appropriate for RGO + FNS locomotion
Closed loop control of a FSE supported standing up and sitting down using virtual reference feedback tuning: a simulation study
No full textA neuro-adaptive control system for knee joint movements during quadriceps electrical stimulation
No full textGain scheduling control of Functional Electrical Stimulation for standing up and sitting down in paraplegia
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Feasibility of a neuro-adaptive system for knee joint control using quadriceps stimulation
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